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Questions and Answers
What are the three effects of viruses on host cells (per the lecture)
What are the three effects of viruses on host cells (per the lecture)
Cytocidal, non-cytocidal and cell transformation
Match the different effects of viruses on host cells to their examples/characteristic
Match the different effects of viruses on host cells to their examples/characteristic
Cytocidal = Lysis, apoptosis Non-Cytocidal = Persistent infection Cell transformation = Tumor cells free bee = Free bee
What is the main difference between apoptosis and lysis in viral infections?
What is the main difference between apoptosis and lysis in viral infections?
- Apoptosis allows full viral replication, whereas lysis does not
- Apoptosis prevents virions from being released, whereas lysis results in virion release (correct)
- Lysis is a controlled process, whereas apoptosis is uncontrolled
- Apoptosis occurs only in immune cells, whereas lysis occurs in all cell types
Which of the following pathways is associated with mitochondrial permeability in apoptosis?
Which of the following pathways is associated with mitochondrial permeability in apoptosis?
The extrinsic pathway of apoptosis is triggered by:
The extrinsic pathway of apoptosis is triggered by:
What role do perforin and granzymes play in immune responses?
What role do perforin and granzymes play in immune responses?
What is required for Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC) to occur?
What is required for Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC) to occur?
What does the term "cytopathic effect" (CPE) refer to in virology?
What does the term "cytopathic effect" (CPE) refer to in virology?
When viruses are inoculated into a monolayer cell culture, what happens as a result of viral replication?
When viruses are inoculated into a monolayer cell culture, what happens as a result of viral replication?
What is the term used to describe the fusion of multiple host cells into a single large multinucleated cell?
What is the term used to describe the fusion of multiple host cells into a single large multinucleated cell?
Inclusion bodies in host cells during viral infection can be:
Inclusion bodies in host cells during viral infection can be:
How can inclusion bodies be useful in diagnosing viral infections?
How can inclusion bodies be useful in diagnosing viral infections?
List the morphological characteristics of inclusion bodies (ie histological appearances)
List the morphological characteristics of inclusion bodies (ie histological appearances)
What type of staining would cause viral inclusion bodies to appear pinkish?
What type of staining would cause viral inclusion bodies to appear pinkish?
Which of the following is true about basophilic staining?
Which of the following is true about basophilic staining?
How do large DNA viruses like poxviruses inhibit host cell function?
How do large DNA viruses like poxviruses inhibit host cell function?
Which of the following viral mechanisms leads to inhibition of mRNA production?
Which of the following viral mechanisms leads to inhibition of mRNA production?
What is a potential consequence of a virus causing lysosomes to release hydrolytic enzymes?
What is a potential consequence of a virus causing lysosomes to release hydrolytic enzymes?
The intrinsic pathway of apoptosis is also called ___
The intrinsic pathway of apoptosis is also called ___
The extrinsic pathway for apoptosis is also called ___
The extrinsic pathway for apoptosis is also called ___
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells can also initiate apoptosis of virus infected target cell, utilizing perforin and granzyme that directly activate caspases in the target cell
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells can also initiate apoptosis of virus infected target cell, utilizing perforin and granzyme that directly activate caspases in the target cell
Receptor membrane fusion/surface fusion occurs in enveloped and naked viruses
Receptor membrane fusion/surface fusion occurs in enveloped and naked viruses
What is the primary mechanism of Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC)?
What is the primary mechanism of Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC)?
What is the definition of cell transformation in virology?
What is the definition of cell transformation in virology?
What is neoplasia?
What is neoplasia?
What is the primary difference between benign and malignant neoplasms?
What is the primary difference between benign and malignant neoplasms?
What term is used to describe the study of neoplasia and tumors?
What term is used to describe the study of neoplasia and tumors?
What is an oncogenic virus?
What is an oncogenic virus?
What is metastasis?
What is metastasis?
What is the role of proto-oncogenes in normal cellular function?
What is the role of proto-oncogenes in normal cellular function?
What is the function of tumor suppressor genes?
What is the function of tumor suppressor genes?
What are two examples of a tumor suppressor gene?
What are two examples of a tumor suppressor gene?
What is the function of the Rb (retinoblastoma) protein?
What is the function of the Rb (retinoblastoma) protein?
What is the role of the P53 tumor suppressor gene?
What is the role of the P53 tumor suppressor gene?
How does P53 respond to DNA damage that cannot be repaired?
How does P53 respond to DNA damage that cannot be repaired?
What are oncogenes?
What are oncogenes?
What type of viruses are generally considered oncogenic?
What type of viruses are generally considered oncogenic?
How do DNA tumor viruses interact with host cells?
How do DNA tumor viruses interact with host cells?
What happens in a productive infection of a DNA tumor virus in a permissive cell?
What happens in a productive infection of a DNA tumor virus in a permissive cell?
What happens in a non-productive infection of a DNA tumor virus in a non-permissive cell?
What happens in a non-productive infection of a DNA tumor virus in a non-permissive cell?
How can oncogenic DNA viruses lead to cancer in non-permissive cells?
How can oncogenic DNA viruses lead to cancer in non-permissive cells?
How do acutely transforming retroviruses contribute to cancer development?
How do acutely transforming retroviruses contribute to cancer development?
What is the mechanism of slow/chronic transforming retroviruses?
What is the mechanism of slow/chronic transforming retroviruses?
What is a key difference between acutely transforming and slow/chronic transforming retroviruses?
What is a key difference between acutely transforming and slow/chronic transforming retroviruses?
What are tumor antigens?
What are tumor antigens?
What is an example of a tumor antigen (as mentioned in class)?
What is an example of a tumor antigen (as mentioned in class)?
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