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Questions and Answers
What is the effect of sympathetic inhibition caused by total spinal anesthesia on cardiac output?
What is the effect of sympathetic inhibition caused by total spinal anesthesia on cardiac output?
- The cardiac output increases by 80 percent
- The Psf falls to about 4 mm Hg (correct)
- The cardiac output remains constant
- The Psf increases significantly
After sympathetic inhibition by total spinal anesthesia, how does the effectiveness of the heart as a pump change?
After sympathetic inhibition by total spinal anesthesia, how does the effectiveness of the heart as a pump change?
- Increases significantly
- Increases to 100 percent of normal
- Decreases to about 80 percent of normal (correct)
- Remains constant
What happens to cardiac output after sympathetic inhibition caused by total spinal anesthesia?
What happens to cardiac output after sympathetic inhibition caused by total spinal anesthesia?
- Remains constant
- Falls to about 60 percent of normal (correct)
- Increases significantly
- Doubles
What is the effect of opening a large arteriovenous fistula on cardiac output?
What is the effect of opening a large arteriovenous fistula on cardiac output?
What is the primary role of sympathetic stimulation on cardiac output?
What is the primary role of sympathetic stimulation on cardiac output?
How do circulatory changes usually occur after opening a large AV fistula?
How do circulatory changes usually occur after opening a large AV fistula?
What is the expected impact on venous return when the Psf falls to about 4 mm Hg?
What is the expected impact on venous return when the Psf falls to about 4 mm Hg?
How does maximal sympathetic stimulation affect cardiac output compared to moderate sympathetic stimulation?
How does maximal sympathetic stimulation affect cardiac output compared to moderate sympathetic stimulation?
What is the expected change in right atrial pressure during sympathetic inhibition caused by total spinal anesthesia?
What is the expected change in right atrial pressure during sympathetic inhibition caused by total spinal anesthesia?
Which event leads to an immediate decrease in cardiac output?
Which event leads to an immediate decrease in cardiac output?
