Education and Reform 1500-1600

Questions and Answers

What was the primary focus of Spartan education?

Development of military tactics (correct)

Arithmetic and music

Civic responsibility and administration

Literature and poetry

During which period did Rome establish its emphasis on practical education skills?

A.D. 100 - A.D. 450

A.D. 700 - A.D. 1000

500 B.C. - 100 B.C.

750 B.C. - A.D. 450 (correct)

What role did the Sophists play in education?

They taught physical education in schools.

They focused on military training.

They developed arithmetic skills only.

They emphasized rhetoric and civic responsibility. (correct)

What was a significant part of education in Athenian culture?

Reading and literature Signup and view all the answers

What system did the Romans create to codify laws for education?

The Twelve Tables Signup and view all the answers

What was the age range for compulsory school attendance established by law?

Seven to twelve Signup and view all the answers

Which curriculum subjects were included in the elementary education during the period mentioned?

Religion, History, Agriculture, and Needlework Signup and view all the answers

What key educational reform occurred with the establishment of the Malolos Constitution?

Implementation of a free and compulsory elementary education system Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Thomasites and what was their significance?

They were American educators who significantly influenced the Philippine educational system. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main focuses of education during the Commonwealth Period?

Nationalism and the lives of Filipino heroes Signup and view all the answers

Which educational initiative was signed by President Manuel L. Quezon in 1936?

Designation of Tagalog as the National Language Signup and view all the answers

What type of education was emphasized alongside vocational education during the Commonwealth Period?

Household activities like cooking and sewing Signup and view all the answers

Which level of education was established as part of the three-level school system set up by the Department of Public Instruction?

Elementary education with primary and intermediate grades Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of education in society?

To assure the survival, stability, and convenience of society Signup and view all the answers

According to John Dewey, how does school contribute to society?

It introduces and trains children for community membership. Signup and view all the answers

What is anticipatory socialization?

Preparing for future roles before they are assumed Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a life skill developed in primitive societies?

Advanced scientific reasoning Signup and view all the answers

How did early humans learn essential skills for survival?

By observing and being taught by elders. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes socialization?

It continues throughout life and involves learning various roles. Signup and view all the answers

What role do adolescents play in the socialization process?

They begin transitioning into new roles and responsibilities. Signup and view all the answers

Which is an example of an institution that fulfills a social function in society?

A school providing education to children Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes education during the Pre-colonial period in the Philippines?

Informal and decentralized, focusing on vocational training. Signup and view all the answers

Which significant change occurred in education during the Spanish Era?

Tribal tutors were replaced by Spanish missionaries. Signup and view all the answers

What was a major characteristic of education under the Spanish regime in the Philippines?

An emphasis on religious orientation and training. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Educational Decree of 1863 provide for the Filipino educational system?

The establishment of a complete education system from elementary to collegiate level. Signup and view all the answers

Who were primarily responsible for teaching during the Pre-colonial period?

Fathers and mothers within the family. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of education during the Pre-colonial period?

To equip children for their future roles as good spouses. Signup and view all the answers

Which group was primarily accommodated in schools during the Spanish period?

Wealthy Filipinos known as ilustrados. Signup and view all the answers

How was education structured during the Spanish period compared to the Pre-colonial period?

It became formal, organized, and authoritarian. Signup and view all the answers

What significant change was made to the elementary education structure in the Education Act of 1940?

Reduction of the elementary course to 6 years Signup and view all the answers

During the Japanese occupation, which aim was NOT part of their educational objectives?

Encouraging reliance on Western States Signup and view all the answers

What was a requirement established under Executive Order No. 263?

Teaching Filipino in all high schools Signup and view all the answers

Which law made Civil Service Eligibility for teachers permanent?

R.A. 1079 Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the aims of education as stated in the 1973 Constitution?

Developing moral character and self-discipline Signup and view all the answers

What notable change occurred in schools with the passage of R.A. 1265?

Singing of the National Anthem became compulsory Signup and view all the answers

What was one focus of education during the Japanese occupation?

Removing materialistic values Signup and view all the answers

Which curriculum requirement was standardized for all schools following the legislation mentioned?

Study of Jose Rizal's works Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Educational Reforms from A.D. 1500 - A.D. 1600

Emphasis on specific religious denominations and the cultivation of general literacy.
Focus on reading, writing, elementary arithmetic, and catechism education.
Establishment of classical schools primarily for the upper classes, ensuring doctrinal conformity.

Pre-Colonial Period Education

Informal, decentralized education with a focus on practical survival skills.
Fathers taught hunting and livelihood skills; mothers taught domestic responsibilities.
Education geared towards vocational training rather than academics; tribal tutors (Babaylan) as educators.

Spanish Period Education

Shifted to formal, organized, and authoritarian education with a religious orientation.
Spanish missionaries replaced tribal tutors; schooling focused on Christian doctrines.
Separate schools for boys and girls; the wealthy (ilustrados) received advanced education.
Educational Decree of 1863 established a complete system of education from elementary to collegiate levels.

Foundations of Education

Education as a societal function, preserving societal values and maintaining stability.
Schools serve to socialize children, developing effective self-direction and community membership.
Socialization is a lifelong process, critical for role learning and preparing for future responsibilities.

Education in Primitive Societies

Survival skills developed as cultural patterns in response to environmental challenges.
Education occurred through observation and direct teaching by parents and elders.
Essential skills included tool-making, adherence to moral codes, and language acquisition.

Roman Education (750 B.C. - A.D. 450)

Emphasis on civic responsibility in education to develop a good citizen.
Courses included reading, writing, arithmetic, and rhetoric; formal schools established.
Instruction focused on practical skills for administrative and military responsibilities.

Arabic Education (A.D. 700)

Establishment of elementary schools in municipalities with a curriculum touching on multiple subjects.
Religion was central, with reading, writing, and arithmetic taught alongside history and agriculture.
Compulsory attendance for children aged 7 to 12.

American Regime Education (1898-1946)

Introduction of democratic ideals and a system of free, compulsory elementary education.
The first American school established in Corregidor in 1898; widespread school openings followed.
Thomasites arrived in 1901, leading to the foundation of the University of the Philippines in 1908.
A three-level school system was developed, emphasizing both public and vocational education.

Commonwealth Period (1935-1942)

Free public education mandated by the 1935 Constitution; vocational education was prioritized.
Curriculum included nationalism and good manners; private schools overseen by the government.
Key executive orders addressed the importance of the national language (Tagalog) in education.

Japanese Occupation Education

Focus on promoting the Philippines' role in East Asia, fostering a new Filipino culture.
Education aimed at reducing reliance on Western powers; emphasis on vocational training.
Promotion of the Japanese language, with efforts to limit English usage in schools.

Post-Colonial Education

Education aims to realize democratic ideals, with permanent civil service eligibility for teachers.
Compulsory daily flag ceremonies and inclusion of Filipino national literature in curricula.
The Magna Carta for Teachers established fundamental educational rights and provisions.
The 1973 Constitution's goals: love of country, citizenship duties, and moral character development.

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Description

Explore the major transformations in education during the Reformation period from A.D. 1500 to A.D. 1600. This quiz covers the emergence of vernacular writing, religious concepts, and the establishment of schools aimed at providing literacy to the masses. Test your knowledge on this pivotal time in educational history.