Ecosystems and Their Characteristics Match Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Match the following ecosystems with their primary characteristics:

Freshwater = Low salinity and includes lakes and rivers Marine = High salinity and includes oceans and seas Coral reef = Diverse underwater ecosystems built from coral Estuary = Where freshwater meets saltwater

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Watershed = Area of land that drains into a river Intertidal zone = Area between high and low tide Coral reef = Structure formed by coral polyps Estuary = Transition zone between river and sea

Match the following planets with their characteristics:

Mercury = Closest planet to the sun Earth = Contains a protective atmosphere Mars = Known as the red planet Venus = Hottest planet due to greenhouse effect

Match the following concepts with their explanations:

Gaia hypothesis = Earth functions like a living organism Great Pacific Garbage Patch = Area of high marine debris concentration Invasive species = Non-native species that disrupt ecosystems Acid precipitation = Rainfall made acidic by pollutants Signup and view all the answers

Match the following consequences with their effects:

Biodiversity loss = Reduction in variety of life Food web disruption = Imbalance in ecosystem interactions Economic impacts = Financial costs related to management Health risks = Threats to human well-being from invasives Signup and view all the answers

Match the forest harvesting methods with their descriptions:

Clear cutting = Removal of all or most of the trees in a given area Shelterwood cutting = Harvesting in a series of two or more cuts Selective cutting = Periodically harvesting selected trees only None = A method that has the least ecological impact Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with their correct context:

Air pressure = Stronger at sea level than at high altitude Desert temperature = Can be cold at night due to lack of clouds Ultraviolet radiation = Blocked by Earth's atmosphere Mountain climbing = Feels stronger due to elevation gain Signup and view all the answers

Match the trophic levels with their characteristics:

Producers = Contains the greatest biomass in most ecosystems Primary consumers = Herbivores that eat producers Secondary consumers = Carnivores that eat herbivores Tertiary consumers = Carnivores that eat other carnivores Signup and view all the answers

Match the ecological concepts with their definitions:

Ecological niche = Role and position a species has in its environment Food chain = A linear sequence of organisms where each is eaten by the next Food web = A complex network of interconnected food chains Trophic level = The position an organism occupies in a food web Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics with their related species types:

Introduced species = Moved by humans to new environments Invasive species = Introduced species that disrupt ecosystems Native species = Species that originated in a particular area Endemic species = Species unique to a specific location Signup and view all the answers

Match the cycles with their human influences:

Water cycle = Urbanization can lead to reduced infiltration Carbon cycle = Burning fossil fuels increases atmospheric carbon Nitrogen cycle = Fertilizer runoff can cause eutrophication None = Human activities have no impact on these cycles Signup and view all the answers

Match the following chemical pollutants with their primary sources:

Sulfur Dioxide = Burning of fossil fuels Nitrogen Oxides = Transportation sources Carbon Dioxide = Respiration and combustion Methane = Agricultural practices Signup and view all the answers

Match the following minerals with their ability to neutralize acid:

Muscovite = Can neutralize acid Smectite = Can neutralize acid Gypsum = Can neutralize acid Quartz = Cannot neutralize acid Signup and view all the answers

Match the biotic interactions with their examples:

Predation = A lion hunting a gazelle Competition = Two plants competing for sunlight Mutualism = Bees pollinating flowers Parasitism = A tick feeding on a deer Signup and view all the answers

Match the terrestrial biomes with their characteristics:

Boreal forest = Cold climate with coniferous trees Deciduous forest = Moderate climate with broadleaf trees Grassland = Open area with grasses and few trees Desert = Dry area with very low precipitation Signup and view all the answers

Match the following negative impacts of acid precipitation:

Dissolution of magnesium = Nutrient loss Dissolution of calcium = Nutrient loss Inhibition of growth = Plant health decline Increase in temperature = Ecosystem stress Signup and view all the answers

Match the abiotic factors with their importance in ecosystems:

Temperature = Influences metabolic rates of organisms Water availability = Essential for all life forms Soil composition = Affects plant growth and nutrient cycling Light intensity = Determines photosynthesis rates in plants Signup and view all the answers

Match the following methods used to contain oil spills:

Dispersants = For ocean containment Booms = For ocean containment Berms = For land containment Trenches = For land containment Signup and view all the answers

Match the effects of climate change with their impacts on water cycle:

Increased evaporation = More intense storms and precipitation Higher temperatures = Melting glaciers and rising sea levels Altered precipitation patterns = Droughts in some regions None = Climate change has no effect on the water cycle Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ecological terms with their definitions:

Biotic = Living components of an ecosystem Abiotic = Non-living components of an ecosystem Ecosystem = Interactions of living and non-living things Biome = Large geographical region defined by climate Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of organisms with their dietary habits:

Herbivores = Animals that eat only plants Carnivores = Animals that eat only meat Omnivores = Animals that eat both plants and meat Detritivores = Animals that feed on remains of other organisms Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ecological relationships with their descriptions:

Mutualism = Both organisms benefit Commensalism = One benefits, the other is neither helped nor harmed Parasitism = One benefits, the other is harmed Competition = Both organisms compete for resources Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the water cycle with their descriptions:

Evaporation = Liquid to gas Precipitation = Water falling from clouds Condensation = Gas to liquid Transpiration = Plants releasing water vapor Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of ecosystems with their classifications:

Temperature = Abiotic feature Bacteria = Biotic feature Sunlight = Abiotic feature Dead leaves = Biotic feature Signup and view all the answers

Match the following environmental issues with their descriptions:

Oil spills = Direct harm to wildlife and ecosystems Great Pacific Garbage Patch = Accumulation of plastic debris in the ocean Resource management = Sustainable use of natural resources Forestry cutting methods = Techniques for harvesting trees Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ecosystems with their examples:

Backyard pond = Aquatic ecosystem Tree = Terrestrial ecosystem Vase of cut flowers = Artificial ecosystem Digestive system = Biological ecosystem Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to food webs with their definitions:

Trophic levels = Layers in a food web representing different feeding relationships Omnivores = Organisms that eat both plants and animals Secondary consumers = Organisms that eat primary consumers Top carnivores = Predators at the highest level of a food chain Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements about energy flow in ecosystems:

Photosynthesis = Produces energy-rich substances Cellular respiration = Uses energy produced in photosynthesis Energy from the Sun = Partially absorbed by plants Photosynthesis and respiration = Interconnected processes in energy transfer Signup and view all the answers

Match the following forestry practices with their outcomes:

Clear-cutting = Complete removal of trees from an area Selective cutting = Only certain trees are harvested Shelterwood cutting = Removes trees in phases to protect young seedlings Thinning = Reduction of tree density to improve growth conditions Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of feeders with their descriptions:

Producers = Organisms that produce their own food Consumers = Organisms that consume other organisms Herbivores = Animals that eat only plants Carnivores = Animals that eat only other animals Signup and view all the answers

Match the following wildlife impacts with their causes during an oil spill:

Loss of habitat = Destruction of living spaces for animals Toxin exposure = Contaminated food and water sources Decreased reproduction = Interference with breeding habits Fur and feather damage = Loss of insulation and waterproofing Signup and view all the answers

Match the following environmental concepts with their significance:

Sustainability = Practice of maintaining ecological balance Reduce = Minimizing waste generation Reuse = Using items multiple times Recycle = Transforming waste into usable materials Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ecological questions with their topics:

What surprised you about Earth's spheres? = Physical makeup of Earth's spheres Do communities include abiotic features? = Definition of a community How do human activities impact ecosystems? = Effects of human activities on ecosystems What is the Gaia Hypothesis? = Theory of Earth as a self-regulating system Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cleanup methods for oil spills with their descriptions:

Booms = Floating barriers to contain oil Vacuum trucks = Equipment to suck up spilled oil Skimmers = Devices that remove oil from water surface Bioremediation = Use of microorganisms to break down oil Signup and view all the answers

Match the following actions with their purposes in environmental conservation:

Reduce waste = Less environmental impact Reuse materials = Extend the lifespan of resources Recycle = Convert waste into new products Educate others = Promote awareness about sustainability Signup and view all the answers

Match the following natural resources with their descriptions:

Oil = A non-renewable resource used for fuel and energy Plants = Renewable resources that provide oxygen and food Sunlight = An abundant renewable energy source Water = Essential for all living organisms Signup and view all the answers

Match the forestry cutting methods with their characteristics:

Clearcutting = Removes all trees in an area Shelterwood cutting = Leaves some trees to provide shelter Selective cutting = Chooses specific trees to harvest Thinning = Reduces density of trees for growth Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ecosystem services with their benefits:

River in a wilderness park = Provides water to organisms Wind energy = Generates mechanical energy or electricity Wild blueberries = Improve soil quality and store carbon Trees = Enhance air quality in environments Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of succession with their definitions:

Primary succession = Occurs on newly formed land Secondary succession = Occurs after a disturbance Climax community = A stable ecosystem Disturbance = An event disrupting ecosystem balance Signup and view all the answers

Match the themes of equilibrium and change with their descriptions:

Equilibrium = Balance of living and nonliving things Biotic factors = Living components of an ecosystem Abiotic factors = Nonliving components of an ecosystem Succession = A process of ecosystem change over time Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to biodiversity with their meanings:

Species richness = Number of species in a region High species richness = Characteristic of tropical rainforests Low species richness = Characteristic of polar regions Extinction rate = Speed at which species disappear Signup and view all the answers

Match the human activities with their impacts on biodiversity:

Habitat destruction = Leads to species loss Pollution = Affects air and water quality Climate change = Alters ecosystems and species habitats Conservation efforts = Aim to protect endangered species Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with their contexts regarding ecosystem services:

Air and water = Essential for human survival Renewable services = More valuable for environmental health Non-renewable services = Limited life span and resources Dams = Prevent floods while managing water flow Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Resource Management Forestry

Approximately 60% of Canada's original forest has been harvested at least once.
Forest harvesting methods fall into three categories:
- Clear cutting: Removal of all or most trees in an area. The most economical and efficient method, used 90% of the time.
- Shelterwood cutting: Harvesting mature trees in a series of two or more cuts. This allows regeneration under the remaining trees
- Selective cutting: Harvesting select trees periodically. The least ecologically impacting method, but the most costly.

Ecological Issues

Following tree harvesting, nutrients are lost from the soil and erosion increases.
Only one or two methods are mentioned.

Food Webs and Ecological Pyramids

Ecological niche: The role of an organism in its environment; humans, other species' niches are described.
Food chains vs. food webs: Food chains depict a single pathway of energy flow, while food webs represent multiple interconnected paths.
Energy decreases at each trophic level: Energy lost as heat when organisms consume and metabolize food.
Highest biomass is at the producer level (plants): Describes why producers support the remainder of the ecosystem.
Carnivores consume other consumers (animals): Carnivore examples are provided.

Cycling of Matter in Ecosystems

Water cycle: Main pathways of water entering and leaving the atmosphere are described.
Carbon cycle: Sources of carbon entering the atmosphere are listed.
Human activities influence the water cycle, carbon cycle, and nitrogen cycle.
Climate change mitigation: Two examples of actions needed.
Climate change influence on the water cycle.
Nitrogen release from dead organisms.

Biotic and Abiotic Influences on Ecosystems

Tolerance range vs. optimal range: explained
Three abiotic factors (list needed) important to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems: Explained.
Human influence on carrying capacity: Described, with examples.
Examples of ecological interactions (predation, competition, mutualism, parasitism, commensalism).

Major Terrestrial Ecosystems

Canada's biomes ordered from wettest to driest, and warmest to coldest.
Boreal vs. deciduous forest diversity: Explanation of why one is more diverse.
Biome factors (list needed) that are most influential.
Conifers' suitability in boreal forests: Explanation of the reasons for their existence in the biome.

Aquatic Ecosystems

Freshwater vs. marine ecosystems
Reasons for more life in shallow areas: explained.
Definitions of watershed, coral reef, estuary, and intertidal zone.

Connections: ecosystems and sustainability

Understand key elements of each list.

Atmosphere

Air pressure increases as you climb a mountain.
Atmosphere protects from ultraviolet radiation (acts as a blanket).
Mercury (planet): temperatures described during day and night.
Deserts (location): Temperatures and reasoning (no clouds).
Eyjafjallajökull volcano.
Gaia hypothesis and living organism comparison.

Non-native Species

Introduction of species is an invasive action if moved from their original location.
Success of invasive species depends on niche exploitation and resource efficiency.
Consequences of introduced species include biodiversity loss, food web disruption, and economic impacts.
Methods for controlling invasive species include biological, chemical, and mechanical control.

Acid Precipitation (Pollution)

Two key chemical pollutants (sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) causing acid rain, with their source description.
Negative ecosystem effects of acid rain: Nutrient dissolution (e.g., magnesium, calcium).
Minerals that neutralize acid rain (e.g., muscovite, smectite, gypsum).
Environmental damage from oil spills, solution for cleaning spills (e.g., dispersants, booms, skimmers, berms, trenches).
Dilution as a pollution control method.

Ecosystem

Definition: All the living things and their interaction with non-living factors in a region.
Biotic components: Living things, their remains, and products.
Abiotic components: Non-living physical and chemical factors.
Sustainability: Explained.

Across and Down

Definitions of several ecological concepts, ecological terms like food chains, food webs, biomes, and more.

Ecology Chapter 2

Atmosphere and its effects on life on Earth.
"Spheres" (lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere) and their overlap.
Biotic and abiotic features (examples) and the existence or non-existence of abiotic factors in a community.
Classifying ecosystems and comparing human-influenced environments or actions to natural processes.
Sustainability and its importance in nature.
Energy flow in ecosystems via photosynthesis, energy products, and processes.

Ecology Chapter 3

Ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems (water sources, wind resource, air quality sources etc.).
Relationship between human health and ecosystem services.
Renewable vs. non-renewable ecosystem services.
Equilibrium and change in ecosystems concept, primary and secondary succession description.
Biotic and abiotic conditions during succession (examples included).
Justification for maintaining biodiversity
Importance of species richness, extinction rates, activities that contribute to species extinction.
Invasive species explanations (reasons, success factors, consequences, control methods).

Ecology Assignment Food Webs

Food Web Observation: Answers to questions with specifics about the food web provided.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various ecosystems, planets, forest harvesting methods, and ecological concepts by matching them with their characteristics and definitions. This quiz will challenge your understanding of biodiversity, the environment, and ecological interactions.