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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of marginal analysis?

  • Maximizing economic surplus
  • Studying the relationship between costs and benefits
  • Making decisions based on incentives
  • Analyzing decisions made at the margin (correct)
  • How is economic surplus calculated?

  • By adding costs and benefits
  • By subtracting costs from benefits (correct)
  • By dividing benefits by costs
  • By multiplying costs and benefits
  • In the context of individual choice, what is an incentive?

  • An obstacle to overcome
  • A reward for changing behavior (correct)
  • A cost associated with decision-making
  • A punishment for changing behavior
  • What does the concept of a 'marginal decision' refer to?

    <p>Deciding to do a bit more or a bit less of an activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to economic principles, what is the relationship between costs and benefits?

    <p>Not incurring a cost is equivalent to gaining a benefit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When deciding whether to charge interest on a loan, what principle should be considered?

    <p>Opportunity cost of the lender's money</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the educational achievements and skills of the labor force that increase labor productivity?

    <p>Human capital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In economics, what does equilibrium refer to?

    <p>A situation where no individual would be better off doing something different</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept involves taking all opportunities to improve some people's well-being without harming others?

    <p>Efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which situation occurs when equity is prioritized over efficiency?

    <p>Disabled parking space offerings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do markets usually tend to lead to, according to the text?

    <p>Efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the economic situation in which no individual would be better off by choosing a different course of action?

    <p>Equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle suggests that people usually respond to incentives to make themselves better off?

    <p>Principle of incentives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation would you expect waiters to be more attentive according to the text?

    <p>In a country where tips are automatically added to the bill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which economic concept is derived from the idea that trade allows individuals to consume more than they otherwise could?

    <p>Gains from trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the problem with the incentive system at the juvenile prison in Pennsylvania as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Judges receiving bribes for sending more young people to jail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who argued against the Corn Laws in the British Parliament and introduced the theory of comparative advantage?

    <p>David Ricardo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept suggests that each country should specialize in producing goods where they have a lower opportunity cost compared to other countries?

    <p>Comparative advantage</p> Signup and view all the answers

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