30 Questions
What is identified as a potential initial stimulus for the development of eating disorders?
Dieting
Which factor can turn dieting into an eating disorder?
Psychological and physiological reinforcement
What sustains the cycle of maladaptive eating behaviors?
Psychological and physiological reinforcement
Which factor is a risk for anorexia nervosa according to the text?
Issues of developing autonomy and having control over self and environment; developing a unique identity; dissatisfaction
What is identified as a risk factor for bulimia nervosa?
Obesity; early dieting; possible susceptibility with body image
What can be a potential risk factor for both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?
Obesity; early dieting; possible susceptibility with body image
What is emphasized as a sociocultural risk factor for eating disorders?
Cultural ideal of being thin; emotional support; parental preoccupation with body image
What is mentioned as a potential family risk factor for eating disorders?
Chaotic family environment; developing autonomy and having control over self and environment; dissatisfaction
What is highlighted as a potential biologic risk factor for eating disorders?
Biologic vulnerability; serotonin and norepinephrine disturbances; possible susceptibility with body image
What is identified as a psychological reinforcement for maladaptive eating behaviors?
Psychological and physiological reinforcement
What is identified as a significant risk factor in the development of problems with eating or weight in adolescence or early adulthood?
Lack of emotional support in the family
In which type of societies are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa far more prevalent?
Industrialized societies
What factor is linked with the increase in eating disorders as a society becomes more prosperous?
Increased availability of high-fat and high-carbohydrate foods
In which culture was being 'plump' considered the ideal shape for girls and women?
Fijian culture before the introduction of television
Which group experienced an increase in eating disorders in the 5 years following the widespread introduction of television in Fiji?
Fijian population
What was found to be equally common among Hispanic and Caucasian women and less common among African American and Asian women?
Eating disorders
Which factor was identified as contributing to eating disorders in athletes?
Emphasis on body form in sports
What did Schulte find to be a prevalent problem among male and female youths in the United Arab Emirates?
Binge eating
Which group is at increased risk for developing an eating disorder according to Perez, Ohrt, & Hoek?
Minority women who are younger, better educated, and more closely identified with middle-class values
What did studies indicate to be related to an increase in disordered eating habits for both bullies and victims?
Bullying and peer harassment
What are some potential factors linked to the development of eating disorders?
Genetic vulnerability, family history of mood or anxiety disorders, disruptions of the hypothalamus, and neurochemical changes
What are some characteristics of individuals who develop eating disorders?
Disturbed eating habits, attitudes, and preoccupation with food, eating, shape, or weight
What can lead to excessive dieting and weight loss in adolescents?
Puberty onset and cultural ideals of slimness
What is involved in body image disturbance in anorexia nervosa?
Extreme discrepancy between self-perception and others' perceptions
What should prevention programs for eating disorders focus on?
Addressing body dissatisfaction, disturbed eating habits, and attitudes, along with promoting healthy self-perceptions and identity development in adolescents
What are some risks associated with body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls?
Emotional eating, binge eating, low self-esteem, and depression
What are some beliefs reported by clients with bulimia nervosa?
Dissatisfaction with their bodies and the belief that they are fat and unattractive
When can the binging and purging cycle of bulimia begin?
At any time, before or after unsuccessful dieting, or as part of a 'weight loss plan'
What is important in targeting prevention programs for eating disorders?
Identifying potential risk factors for developing eating disorders
What is linked to the development of eating disorders in families?
Genetic vulnerability and specific personality types or psychiatric susceptibility
Study Notes
Understanding Eating Disorders
- Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa tend to run in families, with genetic vulnerability possibly resulting from specific personality types or psychiatric susceptibility.
- Family history of mood or anxiety disorders, disruptions of the hypothalamus, and neurochemical changes are linked to eating disorders.
- Adolescence involves the struggle to develop autonomy and establish a unique identity, with family environments affecting these tasks.
- Adolescent girls expressing body dissatisfaction are at risk of emotional eating, binge eating, low self-esteem, and depression.
- Characteristics of those who develop eating disorders include disturbed eating habits, attitudes, and preoccupation with food, eating, shape, or weight.
- Puberty onset and cultural ideals of slimness can lead to excessive dieting and weight loss as a means to achieve the ideal body.
- Body image disturbance in anorexia nervosa involves extreme discrepancy between self-perception and others' perceptions, leading to extreme dissatisfaction.
- Self-perceptions of the body greatly influence the development of identity in adolescence and often persist into adulthood.
- Clients with bulimia nervosa also report dissatisfaction with their bodies and the belief that they are fat and unattractive.
- The binging and purging cycle of bulimia can begin at any time, before or after unsuccessful dieting, or as part of a "weight loss plan."
- It is important to identify potential risk factors for developing eating disorders to target prevention programs effectively.
- Prevention programs should focus on addressing body dissatisfaction, disturbed eating habits, and attitudes, along with promoting healthy self-perceptions and identity development in adolescents.
Test your knowledge of the key factors and risk factors related to eating disorders with this quiz. Explore the influence of genetics, family history, adolescence, body image, and cultural ideals on the development of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Understand the importance of prevention programs targeting body dissatisfaction and promoting healthy self-perceptions in adolescents.
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