Earth's Aphelion and Ocean Currents
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of energy for ocean waves?

  • Friction between ocean water and seafloor
  • Wind (correct)
  • Rotation of the Earth
  • Temperature difference between ocean water and air

    • What is the vertical distance from the bottom of a wave trough to the top of a wave crest called?

  • Wave amplitude
  • Wave height (correct)
  • Wave trough
  • Wavelength

    • In what manner do water particles travel as a wave passes through them?

  • In a helical path
  • In a circular motion (correct)
  • In a straight line
  • In an up-and-down motion

    • What influences the movement of ocean water according to the text?

    <p>Temperature, salinity, and density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean current brings cold water from the sub-Antarctic surface water?

    <p>Benguela current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the South Equatorial current in the Atlantic Ocean?

    <p>Trade winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the West Wind Drift split into two branches?

    <p>Tasmania and the South American coast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean current was discovered by Ponce de Leon in 1513?

    <p>Gulf Stream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the warm current that flows between the coast of Africa and South America?

    <p>South Equatorial current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the cold current that moves along the coast of Greenland?

    <p>Labrador current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the wave period?

    <p>The time interval between two successive wave crests or troughs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is wave speed measured in?

    <p>Knots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes tides?

    <p>Gravitational forces exerted by the sun, moon, and rotation of the earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs due to the vertical movement of ocean waters and is different from tides?

    <p>Surges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major cause of the occurrence of tides?

    <p>Moon’s gravitational pull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What creates two major tidal bulges on the earth?

    <p>Gravitational pull of the moon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time between low tide and high tide called?

    <p>Flow or flood tide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tides have two high tides and two low tides each day?

    <p>Semi-diurnal tide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we call tides that occur when sun, moon, and earth are in a straight line?

    <p>Spring tide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens normally after seven days of a spring tide?

    <p>Neap tide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when moon's orbit is closest to the earth?

    <p>Perigee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does perihelion position occur?

    <p>Around 3rd Jan each year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position called when the earth is farthest from the sun?

    <p>Aphelion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes ocean currents?

    <p>Coriolis force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a gyre in the context of ocean currents?

    <p>A system of circulating ocean currents caused by the Coriolis force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to refer to the speed of an ocean current?

    <p>Knot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are warm ocean currents usually observed?

    <p>East coast of continents in low and middle latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are surface currents driven by?

    <p>Blowing wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do deep water currents move around the ocean basins?

    <p>Due to variation in density and gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides the energy for ocean waves?

    <p>Wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vertical distance from the bottom of a wave trough to the top of a wave crest called?

    <p>Wave amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary influence on the movement of ocean water, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>External forces like sun, moon, and winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a wave is the highest part called?

    <p>Wave crest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time interval between two successive wave crests or troughs?

    <p>Wave period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of waves passing a given point during a one-second time interval known as?

    <p>Wave frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following forces is more effective than the sun's gravitational force in causing tides?

    <p>Gravitational pull of the moon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name for the time between the low tide and high tide, when the tide is rising?

    <p>Flow tide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tides have two high tides and two low tides each day?

    <p>Semi-diurnal tide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the difference in height of spring tides compared to normal tides?

    <p>The sun, moon, and earth are in a straight line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does perigee occur in relation to the moon's orbit?

    <p>Once a month</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for creating two major tidal bulges on the earth?

    <p>The gravitational pull of the moon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean current merges with the North Equatorial current in the Atlantic Ocean?

    <p>Canaries current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the South Indian gyre in the Indian Ocean?

    <p>West wind drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean current brings cold water from the polar zone along the coast of Greenland?

    <p>Labrador current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences the movement of water in the Southern Ocean, causing offshoots to major oceans to its north?

    <p>West wind drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean current was discovered by Ponce de Leon in 1513?

    <p>Gulf Stream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the warm current that splits into two branches on reaching the east coast of South America?

    <p>North Equatorial current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to refer to a large system of circulating ocean currents, particularly involved with large wind movements?

    <p>Gyre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which force causes the ocean water to move to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere?

    <p>Coriolis force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ocean currents bring warm water into cold areas?

    <p>Warm currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for ocean water moving forward under the influence of prevailing wind?

    <p>Drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which current is a warm current that flows towards the Philippines island and originates from RevillaGigedo island-west of Mexico?

    <p>South Equatorial current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the larger masses of water moving in a definite direction with much greater velocity than drifts?

    <p>Streams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes about 10% of all the water in the ocean and occupies the upper 400m of an ocean?

    <p>Surface currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cold current that originates from Bering Strait and flows southwards, meeting Kuroshio warm current and Aleutian current?

    <p>Oyashio current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    North Equatorial current is a warm current that originates from where and flows towards where?

    <p>RevillaGigedo island-west of Mexico; Philippines island</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tides occur when sun, moon, and earth are at right angles to each other?

    <p>Neap tides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ocean currents constitute about 90% of total ocean water and move around the ocean basins due to variation in density and gravity?

    <p>Deep water currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides the energy for the waves in the ocean?

    <p>Winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vertical distance from the bottom of a wave trough to the top of a wave crest called?

    <p>Wave amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about ocean waves?

    <p>They move water particles in a straight line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the horizontal distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave known as?

    <p>Wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the West Wind Drift to split into two branches?

    <p>It joins the Peru current after moving northwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the South Indian gyre in the Indian Ocean?

    <p>Influence of monsoon winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean current brings cold water from the polar zone along the coast of Greenland?

    <p>Labrador current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences the movement of water in the Southern Ocean, causing offshoots to major oceans to its north?

    <p>Northwesterly winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean current merges with the North Equatorial current in the Atlantic Ocean?

    <p>Antilles current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the Gulf Stream start from?

    <p>Gulf of Mexico</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the ocean water to move to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere?

    <p>Coriolis force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean current is a cold current that flows along the west coast of South America towards the north?

    <p>Peru current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percent of all the water in the ocean do deep water currents constitute, moving around the ocean basins due to variation in density and gravity?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean current is a warm current that originates from RevillaGigedo island-west of Mexico and flows towards Philippines island?

    <p>Kuroshio current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tides have two high tides and two low tides each day?

    <p>Mixed tides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to refer to a large system of circulating ocean currents, particularly involved with large wind movements?

    <p>Gyre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    North Equatorial current is a warm current that originates from where and flows towards where?

    <p>Originates from RevillaGigedo island-west of Mexico and flows towards Philippines island</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oyashio current is a cold current originating from where and flowing towards where?

    <p>Originates from Bering Strait and flows southwards towards Antarctica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Californian current is a cold current that flows towards which location along the west coast?

    <p>North America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    South Equatorial current is stronger than North Equatorial current due to what action?

    <p>Trade winds from east to west</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gyre, Drift, and Stream are related to which force causing ocean currents?

    <p>Coriolis Force due to Earth's rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the gravitation of the moon and the centrifugal force known as?

    <p>Tide generating force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which time interval is the tide rising?

    <p>Flow tide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tides have one high tide and one low tide each day?

    <p>Diurnal tide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to refer to the time interval between two successive wave crests or troughs as they pass a fixed point?

    <p>Wave period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does perihelion position occur?

    <p>Around 3rd Jan each year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the ocean water to move to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere?

    <p>Coriolis force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tides occur twice a month, once on the full moon and once on the new moon?

    <p>Spring tide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs due to the vertical movement of ocean waters and is different from tides?

    <p>Surges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the highest tides in the world occur?

    <p>Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia, Canada</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes two major tidal bulges on earth?

    <p>Tide generating force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which time interval is the tide falling?

    <p>Ebb tide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What refers to tides varying in height?

    <p>Mixed tides</p> Signup and view all the answers

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