Early Childhood Development: Moral Development
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Questions and Answers

What is morality?

  • The ability to differentiate between good and bad behavior (correct)
  • A natural response to external stimuli
  • A strategy to achieve success
  • A set of rules that govern our behavior

    • What is the primary concern in addressing the problem of cheating in classrooms?

  • Punishing cheating students
  • Identifying the students who cheated
  • Understanding the level of moral development of students (correct)
  • Developing strategies to prevent cheating

    • What is a moral dilemma?

  • An ambiguous situation that requires a moral decision (correct)
  • A situation that has no moral implications
  • A situation with a clear moral right or wrong
  • A situation that can be resolved through compromise

    • What is the main goal of considering scenarios like the Heinz Dilemma?

    <p>To analyze the moral development of the characters involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern of Heinz in the Heinz Dilemma?

    <p>Saving his wife's life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much money did Heinz manage to gather to buy the drug?

    <p>$2,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scientist's main concern in the Heinz Dilemma?

    <p>Making a profit from the drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of Heinz's action in the second scenario?

    <p>The news of the break-in and theft was reported in the newspapers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage of moral development does an individual's judgment of good and bad become influenced by universal moral principles?

    <p>Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principle Orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kohlberg, what percentage of the adult population attains the post-conventional level of morality?

    <p>20 to 25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage of moral development do rules and laws represent agreements among people about behavior that benefits society?

    <p>Stage 5: Social Contract Orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kohlberg, what is the sequence of moral development stages?

    <p>Pre-conventional, Conventional, Post-conventional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of Stage 4: Law and Order Orientation?

    <p>Right behavior consists in doing one's duty, showing respect for authority and maintaining the given social order for its own sake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for Stage 3 of Kohlberg's moral development?

    <p>Not mentioned in the content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age can an individual start to develop Stage 5: Social Contract Orientation?

    <p>12 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea behind Kohlberg's theory of moral development?

    <p>People go through six stages of moral development in a predetermined order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern of Officer Brown in the Heinz dilemma?

    <p>Heinz's suspicious behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kohlberg's theory, what is the primary concern of individuals at the Punishment-Obedience Orientation stage?

    <p>The consequences of their actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage of moral development do individuals start to consider the opinions of others?

    <p>Stage 3 of Conventional Morality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Instrumental Relativist Orientation?

    <p>The benefits to oneself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Pre-conventional Morality and Conventional Morality?

    <p>The understanding of the conventions of society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern of the judge in the Heinz dilemma?

    <p>The severity of the punishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?

    <p>How one's sense of right and wrong changes with age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of Stage 1 of Pre-conventional Morality?

    <p>The consequences of actions determine right and wrong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Moral Development and Early Childhood Learning

    • Morality refers to understanding the difference between right and wrong or good and bad behavior, and is a force that motivates our behavior.

    What is Moral Dilemma?

    • A moral dilemma is an ambiguous situation that requires a person to make a moral decision, causing conflicts and justifying the morality of their choices.

    The Heinz Dilemma

    • The Heinz Dilemma is a scenario where a woman is very ill and needs a $4,000 drug, but her husband, Heinz, can only raise $2,000, and must decide whether to steal the drug or not.
    • The dilemma raises questions about morality and justifying the morality of one's choices.

    Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development

    • Lawrence Kohlberg's theory describes how one's sense of right and wrong changes with age, and how we develop a sense of justice and learn to make moral judgments.

    Levels and Stages of Moral Development

    • Level I: Pre-Conventional Morality
      • Stage 1 (2-3 to 5-6 years old): Punishment-Obedience Orientation, where consequences of acts determine whether they're good or bad.
      • Stage 2 (5-7 years old or up to age 9): Instrumental Relativist Orientation, where ethics are based on self-interest and exchanging favors.
    • Level II: Conventional Morality
      • Stage 3 (7-12 years old): Good Boy-Nice Girl Orientation, where ethical decisions are based on concern for others' opinions.
      • Stage 4 (can start as early as 10 years old): Law and Order Orientation, where right behavior consists in doing one's duty, showing respect for authority, and maintaining the social order.
    • Level III: Post-Conventional Morality
      • Stage 5 (can start as early as 12 years old): Social Contract Orientation, where rules and laws represent agreements among people about behavior that benefits society.
      • Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principle Orientation, where individuals' judgments of good and bad are influenced by universal moral principles, and laws and societal values have a certain validity.

    Key Points about Kohlberg's Theory

    • According to Kohlberg, people go through these six stages in the above order.
    • Most children have a preconventional morality, and most adults have a conventional one.
    • Kohlberg estimated that only 20 to 25% of the adult population attains the post-conventional level of morality.

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    Related Documents

    Topic 6 Moral Development PDF

    Description

    Assess your understanding of moral development in early childhood, including Kohlberg's theory and its link to educational practices.

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