Early Childhood Development: Moral Development
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Questions and Answers

What was Officer Brown's occupation?

  • A laboratory worker
  • A psychologist
  • A police officer (correct)
  • A judge

    • What did Officer Brown see Heinz doing near the laboratory?

  • Praying alone
  • Behaving suspiciously (correct)
  • Walking his dog
  • Rioting with friends

    • What is the maximum prison sentence Heinz faces if convicted?

  • One year in jail
  • Two years in jail (correct)
  • Five years in jail
  • Ten years in jail

    • What is the name of the psychologist who created the theory of moral development?

    <p>Lawrence Kohlberg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what level of morality do children not understand the conventions/rules of a society?

    <p>Level I Pre-conventional Morality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is morality?

    <p>A force that motivates our behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Stage 1 of Level I Pre-conventional Morality?

    <p>Punishment – Obedience Orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a moral dilemma?

    <p>An ambiguous situation that requires a person to make a moral decision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Stage 2 of Level I Pre-conventional Morality?

    <p>Instrumental Relativist Orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Stage 3 of Level II Conventional Morality?

    <p>Good Boy – Nice Girl Orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Heinz Dilemma about?

    <p>A man who wants to steal a drug to save his wife's life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why could Heinz only get about $2,000?

    <p>Because he could only borrow that amount from his friends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the scientist say to Heinz?

    <p>No, we need to make money to cover the expenses of research and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens the next day after Heinz broke into the laboratory?

    <p>The newspapers reported the break-in and theft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern in the Heinz Dilemma?

    <p>The moral decision to steal the drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cheating in classrooms have to do with moral development?

    <p>It shows a lack of moral development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age can a person start to develop a Law and Order Orientation, according to Kohlberg's Theory?

    <p>As early as 10 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Stage 5 in Kohlberg's Theory?

    <p>Agreements among people about behavior that benefits society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the adult population attains the post-conventional level of morality, according to Kohlberg?

    <p>20 to 25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences an individual's judgments of good and bad in Stage 6 of Kohlberg's Theory?

    <p>Universal moral principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kohlberg, what is the sequence of moral development?

    <p>Pre-conventional, Conventional, Post-conventional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of right behavior in Stage 4 of Kohlberg's Theory?

    <p>Doing one's duty and showing respect for authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Conventional and Post-conventional morality?

    <p>Conventional morality focuses on authority, while Post-conventional morality focuses on moral principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might an individual in Stage 6 of Kohlberg's Theory violate a law?

    <p>To follow universal moral principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Moral Development

    • Morality is the understanding of the difference between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.
    • It is a force that motivates our behavior.

    Moral Dilemma

    • A moral dilemma is an ambiguous situation that requires a person to make a moral decision.
    • It causes conflicts and subjects to justify the morality of their choices.

    The Heinz Dilemma

    • A scenario where a woman is ill and needs a drug that costs $4,000, and her husband Heinz cannot afford it.
    • The scenario presents three moral dilemmas:
      • Should Heinz break into the laboratory to steal the drug for his wife?
      • Should Brown report what he saw to the police?
      • Should the judge sentence Heinz to prison?

    Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development

    • Lawrence Kohlberg's theory describes how one's sense of right and wrong changes with age.
    • It has three levels: Pre-conventional, Conventional, and Post-conventional morality.

    Level I Pre-conventional Morality

    • Stage 1 (2-5 years old): Punishment-Obedience Orientation, where consequences of acts determine whether they are good or bad.
    • Stage 2 (5-7 years old): Instrumental Relativist Orientation, where the ethics of self-interest and obeying rules for personal benefit are considered.

    Level II Conventional Morality

    • Stage 3 (7-12 years old): Good Boy - Nice Girl Orientation, where ethical decisions are based on concern for others' opinions.
    • Stage 4 (10 years old and up): Law and Order Orientation, where right behavior consists of doing one's duty and showing respect for authority.

    Level III Post-Conventional Morality

    • Stage 5 (12 years old and up): Social Contract Orientation, where rules and laws represent agreements among people about behavior that benefits society.
    • Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principle Orientation, where individuals' judgments of good and bad become influenced by universal moral principles.

    Key Points about Kohlberg's Theory

    • People go through the six stages in the above order.
    • Most children have a preconventional morality, and most adults have a conventional one.
    • Only 20-25% of the adult population attains the post-conventional level of morality.

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    Related Documents

    Topic 6 Early Childhood Development and Learning Moral Development PDF

    Description

    Understand the concept of morality, Kohlberg's theory of moral development, and its relation to early childhood educational practices. Learn how morality shapes our behavior and decision-making.

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