Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was Officer Brown's occupation?
What was Officer Brown's occupation?
- A laboratory worker
- A psychologist
- A police officer (correct)
- A judge
What did Officer Brown see Heinz doing near the laboratory?
What did Officer Brown see Heinz doing near the laboratory?
- Praying alone
- Behaving suspiciously (correct)
- Walking his dog
- Rioting with friends
What is the maximum prison sentence Heinz faces if convicted?
What is the maximum prison sentence Heinz faces if convicted?
- One year in jail
- Two years in jail (correct)
- Five years in jail
- Ten years in jail
What is the name of the psychologist who created the theory of moral development?
What is the name of the psychologist who created the theory of moral development?
At what level of morality do children not understand the conventions/rules of a society?
At what level of morality do children not understand the conventions/rules of a society?
What is morality?
What is morality?
What is the characteristic of Stage 1 of Level I Pre-conventional Morality?
What is the characteristic of Stage 1 of Level I Pre-conventional Morality?
What is a moral dilemma?
What is a moral dilemma?
What is the characteristic of Stage 2 of Level I Pre-conventional Morality?
What is the characteristic of Stage 2 of Level I Pre-conventional Morality?
What is the characteristic of Stage 3 of Level II Conventional Morality?
What is the characteristic of Stage 3 of Level II Conventional Morality?
What is the Heinz Dilemma about?
What is the Heinz Dilemma about?
Why could Heinz only get about $2,000?
Why could Heinz only get about $2,000?
What did the scientist say to Heinz?
What did the scientist say to Heinz?
What happens the next day after Heinz broke into the laboratory?
What happens the next day after Heinz broke into the laboratory?
What is the main concern in the Heinz Dilemma?
What is the main concern in the Heinz Dilemma?
What does cheating in classrooms have to do with moral development?
What does cheating in classrooms have to do with moral development?
At what age can a person start to develop a Law and Order Orientation, according to Kohlberg's Theory?
At what age can a person start to develop a Law and Order Orientation, according to Kohlberg's Theory?
What is the primary focus of Stage 5 in Kohlberg's Theory?
What is the primary focus of Stage 5 in Kohlberg's Theory?
What percentage of the adult population attains the post-conventional level of morality, according to Kohlberg?
What percentage of the adult population attains the post-conventional level of morality, according to Kohlberg?
What influences an individual's judgments of good and bad in Stage 6 of Kohlberg's Theory?
What influences an individual's judgments of good and bad in Stage 6 of Kohlberg's Theory?
According to Kohlberg, what is the sequence of moral development?
According to Kohlberg, what is the sequence of moral development?
What is the characteristic of right behavior in Stage 4 of Kohlberg's Theory?
What is the characteristic of right behavior in Stage 4 of Kohlberg's Theory?
What is the primary difference between Conventional and Post-conventional morality?
What is the primary difference between Conventional and Post-conventional morality?
Why might an individual in Stage 6 of Kohlberg's Theory violate a law?
Why might an individual in Stage 6 of Kohlberg's Theory violate a law?
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Study Notes
Moral Development
- Morality is the understanding of the difference between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.
- It is a force that motivates our behavior.
Moral Dilemma
- A moral dilemma is an ambiguous situation that requires a person to make a moral decision.
- It causes conflicts and subjects to justify the morality of their choices.
The Heinz Dilemma
- A scenario where a woman is ill and needs a drug that costs $4,000, and her husband Heinz cannot afford it.
- The scenario presents three moral dilemmas:
- Should Heinz break into the laboratory to steal the drug for his wife?
- Should Brown report what he saw to the police?
- Should the judge sentence Heinz to prison?
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development
- Lawrence Kohlberg's theory describes how one's sense of right and wrong changes with age.
- It has three levels: Pre-conventional, Conventional, and Post-conventional morality.
Level I Pre-conventional Morality
- Stage 1 (2-5 years old): Punishment-Obedience Orientation, where consequences of acts determine whether they are good or bad.
- Stage 2 (5-7 years old): Instrumental Relativist Orientation, where the ethics of self-interest and obeying rules for personal benefit are considered.
Level II Conventional Morality
- Stage 3 (7-12 years old): Good Boy - Nice Girl Orientation, where ethical decisions are based on concern for others' opinions.
- Stage 4 (10 years old and up): Law and Order Orientation, where right behavior consists of doing one's duty and showing respect for authority.
Level III Post-Conventional Morality
- Stage 5 (12 years old and up): Social Contract Orientation, where rules and laws represent agreements among people about behavior that benefits society.
- Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principle Orientation, where individuals' judgments of good and bad become influenced by universal moral principles.
Key Points about Kohlberg's Theory
- People go through the six stages in the above order.
- Most children have a preconventional morality, and most adults have a conventional one.
- Only 20-25% of the adult population attains the post-conventional level of morality.
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