15 Questions
Who is considered the 'Father of taxonomy'?
Carolus Linnaeus
Which scientist developed an early classification system of plants based on anatomy and physiology?
John Ray
Who had the idea of a constantly changing world in which species change over time?
Georges Buffon
Which scientist described plants and animals on the basis of physical appearance and method of reproduction?
Carolus Linnaeus
Who is known for establishing the modern concept of 'species'?
John Ray
Which scientist emphasized that population growth would always overpower food supply growth?
Thomas Malthus
Who is considered the 'Founding father of Paleontology'?
Georges Cuvier
According to the theory of Catastrophism, what caused major geological changes and destroyed species?
A sudden catastrophe
Which scientist proposed the theory of Spontaneous Generation?
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
What principle is associated with James Hutton, the 'Father of Geology'?
Principle of Uniformitarianism
Which book contains several supporting pieces of evidence that explains the work of James Hutton about the theory of uniformitarianism or gradualism?
Principles of Geology
What is the crux of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution?
'Survival of the Fittest'
According to Darwin's Theory, what does 'Survival of the Fittest' mean?
'Survival based on strength and aggression'
'Descent with Modification' in Darwin's Theory suggests that:
'Species today look different from their ancestors'
'Transmutation by natural selection.' This concept is associated with:
'The Struggle for Existence'
Study Notes
The History of Scientific Thought
- Carolus Linnaeus is considered the 'Father of taxonomy'.
Classification Systems
- John Ray developed an early classification system of plants based on anatomy and physiology.
- Aristotle described plants and animals on the basis of physical appearance and method of reproduction.
Evolutionary Thought
- Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, had the idea of a constantly changing world in which species change over time.
- John Ray is known for establishing the modern concept of 'species'.
Population Growth and Resources
- Thomas Malthus emphasized that population growth would always overpower food supply growth.
Paleontology
- Georges Cuvier is considered the 'Founding father of Paleontology'.
Geological Theories
- According to the theory of Catastrophism, major geological changes and species destruction were caused by sudden and violent events.
- The concept of Spontaneous Generation was proposed by Aristotle.
Geology
- James Hutton, the 'Father of Geology', introduced the principle of uniformitarianism, which suggests that the Earth's geological processes have been consistent throughout history.
- Hutton's work is explained in the book 'Theory of the Earth', which contains several supporting pieces of evidence for his theory of uniformitarianism or gradualism.
Darwin's Theory of Evolution
- The crux of Darwin's Theory of Evolution is the idea that species evolve over time through natural selection.
- 'Survival of the Fittest' means that organisms that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
- 'Descent with Modification' suggests that all species share a common ancestor and have evolved over time through natural selection.
- The concept of 'Transmutation by natural selection' is associated with Charles Darwin.
Test your knowledge about the early biologists and their contributions to the classification of living organisms. Learn about the works of John Ray and Carolus Linnaeus in establishing the foundations of modern taxonomy and biological classification systems.
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