Early American History and Government Key Concepts

<p>The Boston Tea Party</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Widespread colonial protests and economic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economic competition between Britain and France</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Quartering Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It resulted in heavy debt necessitating new taxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Battles of Lexington and Concord</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An offer of peace to King George III</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patriots</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It convinced France to support the colonies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fear of a strong central government</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A bicameral legislature with equal representation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The President</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Balances the vote of the people with state roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A formal change or addition to the Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The power to regulate commerce</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To relocate Native American tribes to the West</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To advise the President and run executive departments</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Served four terms as President</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Machines and large-scale operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Women's rights movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Popular Sovereignty</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To preserve the Union and weaken the South's economy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Missouri entered as a slave state and Maine as a free state</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It ruled that African Americans were not U.S. citizens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jim Crow Laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Battle of Fort Sumter</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ended slavery throughout the United States</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide support for formerly enslaved individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allowed slavery to be decided by popular sovereignty in new territories</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Guaranteeing civil rights for freed slaves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He conducted violent raids to end slavery</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It established the doctrine of 'separate but equal'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focuses on the actions and events related to governments and leaders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Information, facts, or details that help prove or disprove a statement or theory about the past.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An original document or artifact from the time period being studied (e.g., letters, diaries, official records).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A work that interprets or analyzes primary sources (e.g., history books, articles, documentaries).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The perspective or stance from which a person or group views and interprets an event or issue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A tendency to favor one side or perspective over others, often leading to an unfair or unbalanced view.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White male property owners</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>John Locke's social contract theory argues that individuals consent to form a government that protects their natural rights—life, liberty, and property. In return, they agree to abide by the laws created by this government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Settled in the Southwest, Florida, California, and much of Central and South America.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Difficult terrain, such as mountains and dense forests, made travel and communication difficult, especially in the early years. Harsh winters and unpredictable weather also posed challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The U.S. features a variety of landforms including mountains (e.g., the Rockies, the Appalachians), plains (e.g., the Great Plains), deserts (e.g., the Mojave Desert), and coastal regions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coal, natural gas, oil, fertile soil, forests, water resources, and minerals like gold and copper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process by which businesses, cultures, and economies become interconnected on a global scale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The transfer of goods, crops, diseases, and culture between the Americas, Africa, and Europe following Columbus' voyages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A transatlantic trading system where goods, slaves, and raw materials were traded between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slaves were forced to work without pay for life, while indentured servants worked for a set period of time in exchange for passage to America and the promise of land or money</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was the first self-government agreement in the American colonies, where the settlers agreed to create and obey laws for the good of the colony.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quakers believed in equality, pacifism, and religious freedom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most settled in Pennsylvania, where they established a tolerant and diverse society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Benjamin Franklin wrote the Albany Plan of Union, which proposed that the colonies join together for mutual defense against French and Native American threats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A religious revival movement in the 1730s and 1740s that encouraged emotional religious experiences and increased religious diversity in the colonies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The colonies existed primarily to benefit the mother country by providing raw materials and serving as markets for finished goods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A favorable balance of trade occurs when a country exports more goods than it imports, resulting in more money flowing into the country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To raise revenue from the colonies by taxing sugar and molasses imports.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Required colonists to house and supply British soldiers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colonists protested through boycotts, petitions, and violence (e.g., the Sons of Liberty). They felt the acts were unfair and violated their rights as English citizens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Britain repealed the Stamp Act due to widespread colonial resistance and economic pressure from British merchants who were affected by the boycotts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The colonists opposed the Tea Act because it granted a monopoly to the British East India Company.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colonists dumped tea into Boston Harbor as a protest against the Tea Act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Britain passed the Intolerable Acts, which closed Boston Harbor and revoked Massachusetts' charter, punishing the colonists for their defiance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A deadly confrontation between British soldiers and colonists, named a massacre by colonial propagandists to stir anti-British sentiment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was fired at the Battles of Lexington and Concord, marking the start of the American Revolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was a final attempt by the Continental Congress to avoid war, offering peace to King George III, which he rejected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>According to the Declaration of Independence, the colonists sought to separate due to grievances against British rule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stated that the colonists were separating because of Britain's refusal to address grievances and its violation of the colonists' natural rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colonists who remained loyal to Britain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>German soldiers hired by Britain to fight against the colonies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colonists who fought for independence from Britain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The site of the Continental Army's winter camp, where troops endured hardship but emerged stronger after training by Baron von Steuben.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Written by Thomas Paine to persuade colonists to break from Britain and fight for independence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Created a weak central government because they gave most powers to the states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Makes laws (Congress).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enforces laws (President).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interprets laws (Supreme Court and other courts).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Created a bicameral legislature with two houses: The Senate and The House of Representatives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each state gets two senators, regardless of population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of representatives is based on each state's population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Divides government responsibilities into distinct branches to prevent any one branch from gaining too much power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensures that no one branch becomes too powerful by allowing each branch to limit the powers of the others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A system for electing the President and Vice President of the United States, balancing the vote of the people and the role of the states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The introduction to the Constitution, stating its purpose and goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A formal change or addition to the Constitution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To formally charge a public official with misconduct in office.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grants Congress the power to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying out its duties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The power of the courts to review laws and executive actions for constitutionality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A system of government where power is divided between a central government and state governments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Powers that are not specifically granted to the federal government nor prohibited to the states, and are reserved for the states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Powers explicitly granted to the federal government by the Constitution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Powers shared by both the federal government and the states, such as the power to tax and regulate commerce.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Opponents of the Constitution who feared a strong central government and preferred stronger state powers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>House of Representatives: 2-year term. Senate: 6-year term.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vice President, Speaker of the House, President pro tempore of the Senate, Cabinet members in the order their departments were created.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Vice President of the United States.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each state's electoral votes equal the number of its Congressional representatives (Senators + House members).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Federal judges are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. They serve for life, unless impeached.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Cabinet advises the President on various issues and helps run executive departments, such as the Department of State, Defense, and Education.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, which protect individual liberties and rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>George Washington set the precedent of serving two terms. Franklin D. Roosevelt broke this precedent by serving four terms. The 22nd Amendment (1951) limits presidents to two terms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two-party system developed due to disagreements over the role of the federal government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jefferson purchased the Louisiana Territory to secure control of the Mississippi River and expand the U.S. He had reservations because he believed the Constitution did not explicitly authorize the federal government to purchase land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The common people, including white males who did not own property, gained political power as a result of Andrew Jackson's presidency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was designed to force Native American tribes to relocate to lands west of the Mississippi River, opening up their land to white settlers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A practice where political leaders appoint their supporters to government positions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theory that states can invalidate federal laws they believe are unconstitutional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A machine invented by Eli Whitney that revolutionized cotton production and increased the demand for slave labor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A method of manufacturing using machines and large-scale operations, typically in factories.</p> Signup and view all the answers