Podcast
Questions and Answers
The learning outcome of this course is to understand the features and ______ of protozoa.
The learning outcome of this course is to understand the features and ______ of protozoa.
life cycle
The objective of this course is to classify protozoa into different ______.
The objective of this course is to classify protozoa into different ______.
phyla
The subphylum Sarcodina includes the genus ______.
The subphylum Sarcodina includes the genus ______.
Amoeba
The protozoan Entamoeba histolytica is found in the ______.
The protozoan Entamoeba histolytica is found in the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The protozoan Giardia lamblia is found in the ______ intestine.
The protozoan Giardia lamblia is found in the ______ intestine.
Signup and view all the answers
Giardia lamblia has a ______ shape.
Giardia lamblia has a ______ shape.
Signup and view all the answers
Giardia lamblia has ______ flagella.
Giardia lamblia has ______ flagella.
Signup and view all the answers
The transmission of Giardia lamblia occurs through the ______ route.
The transmission of Giardia lamblia occurs through the ______ route.
Signup and view all the answers
Giardia lamblia belongs to the phylum ______.
Giardia lamblia belongs to the phylum ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Giardia lamblia has ______ nucleus.
Giardia lamblia has ______ nucleus.
Signup and view all the answers
The diameter of the Giardia lamblia is about ______ mm.
The diameter of the Giardia lamblia is about ______ mm.
Signup and view all the answers
The nucleus of Giardia lamblia is ______ and has a small eccentric karyosome.
The nucleus of Giardia lamblia is ______ and has a small eccentric karyosome.
Signup and view all the answers
The Giardia lamblia cyst has a clear space beneath the ______ cyst wall.
The Giardia lamblia cyst has a clear space beneath the ______ cyst wall.
Signup and view all the answers
Infection of Giardia lamblia occurs by the ingestion of ______ in contaminated water, food, or by the fecal-oral route.
Infection of Giardia lamblia occurs by the ingestion of ______ in contaminated water, food, or by the fecal-oral route.
Signup and view all the answers
The process of ______ releases trophozoites in the small intestine.
The process of ______ releases trophozoites in the small intestine.
Signup and view all the answers
Giardia lamblia can be detected in a ______ specimen
Giardia lamblia can be detected in a ______ specimen
Signup and view all the answers
Trichomonas vaginalis is transmitted through ______ contact
Trichomonas vaginalis is transmitted through ______ contact
Signup and view all the answers
Kohn staining is used for the detection of ______ cysts
Kohn staining is used for the detection of ______ cysts
Signup and view all the answers
Trichomonas vaginalis has ______ anterior flagella
Trichomonas vaginalis has ______ anterior flagella
Signup and view all the answers
Giardia lamblia has a ______ motility
Giardia lamblia has a ______ motility
Signup and view all the answers
The parasitic form called ______ is sensitive to environmental changes and it disintegrates rapidly upon release from the body.
The parasitic form called ______ is sensitive to environmental changes and it disintegrates rapidly upon release from the body.
Signup and view all the answers
The morphological forms of Naegleria fowleri can be _______, ______ and ______.
The morphological forms of Naegleria fowleri can be _______, ______ and ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Peripheral nuclear chromatin is absent in ______ and ______.
Peripheral nuclear chromatin is absent in ______ and ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Free living amoeba include ______ and ______.
Free living amoeba include ______ and ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Diseases caused by Acanthamoeba spp. are ______ and ______.
Diseases caused by Acanthamoeba spp. are ______ and ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Protozoa of Medical Importance
- Protozoa are divided into four phyla: Sarcomastigophora, Ciliophora, Apicomplexa, and Microspora.
Subphylum Sarcodina (= Amoeba)
- Found in colon, liver, and lungs.
- Examples include:
- Entamoeba histolytica
- Entamoeba coli
- Endolimax nana
- Iodamoeba butschlii
- Blastocystis hominis
Subphylum Mastigophora (= Flagellates)
- Found in small intestine.
- Examples include:
- Giardia lamblia
- Trichomonas vaginalis
- Dientamoeba fragilis
Giardia lamblia
- Found in lakes, streams, and other water sources worldwide.
- Transmission occurs through the fecal-oral route, primarily through contaminated food and water.
- Characteristics:
- Pear-shaped with 8 flagella.
- Length: 9-21 mm, width: 5-15 mm.
- Bilaterally symmetrical with 2 nuclei, one on either side of the axostyle.
- Fine granular cytoplasm with 2 median parabasal bodies.
- Life cycle:
- Excystation occurs in the small intestine, releasing trophozoites.
- Trophozoites multiply by longitudinal binary fission, remaining in the lumen of the proximal small bowel.
- Encystation occurs as the parasites transit towards the colon.
- Cysts are the infectious stage, found commonly in non-diarrheal feces.
Diagnostic Techniques for Giardia lamblia
- Examination of triple fecal tests from non-consecutive days.
- Concentration technique and permanent stain smear.
- Stool specimen examination using Kohn staining and trichrome staining.
Trichomonas vaginalis
- Found in the vagina and urethra.
- Distribution: worldwide, with higher prevalence among persons with multiple sexual partners.
- Transmission occurs through:
- Sexual contact.
- Contaminated towels and examination equipment.
- Infants may be infected during birth.
- Characteristics:
- Pear-shaped with 3-5 anterior flagella and an undulating membrane.
- Length: 10-30 mm, width: 5-20 mm.
- Ovoid nucleus at the anterior end.
- Axostyle from anterior to posterior, ending like a tail.
- In males, it infects the urethra, seminal vesicle, and prostate, causing urethritis.
- In females, it infects the vulva, vagina, and cervix, causing vaginitis.
- Treatment: metronidazole or quinacrine.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge of E. Histolytica and E. Coli characteristics, including their life cycles, nucleus, and infection symptoms.
