Dynamic HTML and JavaScript Introduction

Introduction to DHTML and JavaScript

• Focus on client-side dynamic HTML (DHTML) to improve web application interactivity and engagement.
• Enables the implementation of dynamic behaviors in web interfaces.
• Students will learn to write basic inline JavaScript scripts to enhance webpage functionality and appearance.
• Learning outcomes include designing pages with dynamic behaviors and understanding JavaScript functions.

What is DHTML?

• Dynamic HTML combines HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create interactive web pages.
• Allows functionalities like changing text color on mouse hover and allowing drag-and-drop features.
• Based on standard HTML 4.0 specifications.
• Facilitates user-interactive elements that resemble desktop applications.

Inbuilt Dynamic HTML Elements

• Javascript provides methods like document.write() to output dynamic data (e.g., current date).
• innerHTML property allows easy modification of HTML content (e.g., changing text inside elements).
• Attributes can be changed dynamically via JavaScript, such as the src of an image.

Scripting Languages

• Scripting languages automate task execution within runtime environments, often interpreted rather than compiled.
• Scripts are not visible to users but alter website behavior based on user interactions.

What is JavaScript?

• JavaScript is a versatile scripting language used for creating dynamic and interactive web content.
• Enables functionalities such as multimedia control, content updates, and rendering animations on web pages.

Client-Side Programming

• Client-side scripts run in the user's browser, allowing direct access to source code.
• Useful for novices to learn and understand basic scripting, particularly JavaScript.

Inline JavaScript Syntax

• Inline JavaScript embeds script within HTML pages, either in the head or body sections.
• Event handlers like onclick can trigger JavaScript functions, altering HTML content dynamically.

JavaScript Functions and Procedures

• Functions are declared using the function keyword and can execute specific tasks based on parameters.
• Procedures in programming define a set of steps to achieve a result, such as adding two numbers.

Variables, Data Types, and Calculations

• JavaScript supports multiple data types: numbers, strings, objects, and booleans.
• Variables can store various types and dynamically change their type throughout the program.
• Strings can contain characters and can be defined with single or double quotes.
• Boolean values represent true or false states, useful in conditional statements.

Conditional Statements

• Conditional statements (if, else, switch) allow different code execution based on conditions.
• if for executing blocks based on true conditions, and else for when conditions are false.
• The switch statement executes different blocks based on varying conditions.

Additional JavaScript Concepts

• Functions can take parameters, enabling customizable behavior based on input values.
• Input popups facilitate user interaction, collecting data for processing within scripts.
• Data type conversions are necessary for manipulating and comparing different data forms effectively.### JavaScript Control Structures
• Conditional statements allow execution of code blocks based on true or false evaluations.
• Example:
  • If hour < 18, set greeting to "Good day"; else, set to "Good evening".

JavaScript Functions and Event Handling

• Functions can be defined to perform actions when triggered by events like button clicks.
• Example function myFunction() alerts "Hello".

Timing Control Functions

• setTimeout():

  • Executes a function after a specified delay in milliseconds.
  • Example: myVar = setTimeout(myFunction, 3000); can be stopped using clearTimeout(myVar).

• setInterval():

  • Repeats execution of a function at a defined interval.
  • Used for dynamic content updates, e.g., displaying current time every second using setInterval(myTimer, 1000).

jQuery Library

• jQuery simplifies JavaScript with built-in functionalities.
• Enables manipulation of HTML, CSS, and supports AJAX operations.
• Advantages include reducing code length and enhancing code reusability.

jQuery Syntax and Selectors

• Basic jQuery syntax: $(selector).action().
• Selectors:
  • $("*") selects all elements.
  • $("p.intro") selects paragraph elements with class 'intro'.

jQuery Functions and Event Handling

• Easy event handling and manipulations done using ready function for DOM operations.
• Example: To hide paragraphs upon clicking a button: $("button").click(function(){ $("p").hide(); });.

jQuery For Form Validation

• jQuery is widely used for input validation in forms to enhance user experience.
• Example validation code enforces required fields with specific error messages.

Web Hosting Basics

• Web hosting refers to providing technologies to store and view websites online.
• Hosting types include UNIX and Windows platforms, each supporting different scripting and database technologies.

Windows Hosting

• Utilizes Microsoft technologies like ASP, ASP.NET, and MSSQL for server-side scripting.
• ASP enables dynamic web page creation with embedded scripting.

UNIX and Linux Hosting

• UNIX is the original web server OS known for stability and reliability.
• Linux is based on Unix and offers affordability and a wide feature set for hosting services.

Web Servers and Utilities

• Web servers respond to browser requests by delivering web content.
• Examples: Apache HTTP Server (open-source) and Microsoft IIS (for Windows-based hosting).
• Purpose: Store and manage access to web content; also used in various specialized servers (gaming, storage, etc.).### Web Server Response Types
• Web servers respond by sending files associated with requested URLs or generating responses via scripts that communicate with databases.
• When a web page is requested, the server searches for it and sends an HTTP response; if not found, an "Error 404 Not Found" is sent.
• For other resources, the web server connects with the application server and database to create the HTTP response.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

• An ISP is a company providing internet access and connects customers via technologies like dial-up, DSL, cable modem, or wireless.
• ISPs may offer email accounts allowing communication through their servers.

Apache HTTP Server

• Apache is a widely used, open-source web server compatible with both Windows and Unix systems.
• Installation packages for Apache can include additional components like PHP and Python.
• Most Linux distributions come with Apache included; installation demos are available for platforms like Ubuntu.

Internet Information Services (IIS)

• IIS is a web server for Windows, enabling users to publish web pages and applications on local computers.
• It is not pre-installed on Windows operating systems by default; installation demos are provided.

Publishing in IIS

• Create a homepage file named "Default.htm" or "Default.asp" and copy it to the default publishing directory, typically found at \Inetpub\wwwroot.
• Visitors can access the site using either the computer name or numerical IP if a name resolution system is unavailable.
• For FTP publishing, files are copied to \Inetpub\Ftproot with similar access protocols.

Domain Name Registration

• A domain name, like "microsoft.com," is unique to a website and necessary for user accessibility through browsers and search engines.
• Domain names must be registered to be part of a large register, linking them to a specific internet IP address via DNS.

Web Hosting Options

• Shared Servers host multiple sites on one computer, offering lower costs but shared resources that can affect performance.
• Dedicated Servers provide exclusive access to resources, ideal for high-traffic websites, but at higher costs.
• Virtual Private Servers (VPS) offer a middle ground, segmenting a server into virtual servers, allowing dedicated resources without the full cost of dedicated hosting.

Web Server Ports and Configurations

• Web servers utilize numbered ports, typically port 80 for HTTP services.
• Configuration demos of Apache and IIS ports are available for instructional purposes.

Remote Login Protocols

• Remote login allows users to access host machines; common protocols include TELNET and SSH.
• TELNET establishes a connection to remote machines over TCP but lacks security.
• SSH (Secure Shell) offers encrypted communication and more flexible command execution, ensuring secure connections.

GUI Web Server Control and cPanel

• Control panels like cPanel assist in managing web hosting environments, providing operations like DNS management, email management, and database administration.
• cPanel is a popular web-based control panel with extensive functionalities, including account management, hosting plans, and security configurations.

File Permissions in Unix/Linux

• File permissions dictate access levels, categorized as Read (r), Write (w), and Execute (x).
• Permissions are assigned to user groups: Owner (User), Group (related files), and World (everyone else).

Website Maintenance Importance

• Regular website maintenance is essential to retain customer engagement, update content, and enhance search engine rankings.
• A well-maintained website reflects business value and operational integrity, requiring consistent updates and management.

Document Object Model (DOM)

• The DOM is an API for HTML/XML documents, enabling browsers to create a structured model of web pages.
• JavaScript interacts with the DOM to manipulate HTML elements and respond to events, creating dynamic webpages.

MVC Architecture and AngularJS

• The MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture streamlines web application development by separating data, presentation, and logic.
• AngularJS is a structured JavaScript framework for building dynamic single-page applications, facilitating data binding and dependency management.

Introduction to DHTML and JavaScript

• Focus on client-side dynamic HTML (DHTML) to improve web application interactivity and engagement.
• Enables the implementation of dynamic behaviors in web interfaces.
• Students will learn to write basic inline JavaScript scripts to enhance webpage functionality and appearance.
• Learning outcomes include designing pages with dynamic behaviors and understanding JavaScript functions.

What is DHTML?

• Dynamic HTML combines HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create interactive web pages.
• Allows functionalities like changing text color on mouse hover and allowing drag-and-drop features.
• Based on standard HTML 4.0 specifications.
• Facilitates user-interactive elements that resemble desktop applications.

Inbuilt Dynamic HTML Elements

• Javascript provides methods like document.write() to output dynamic data (e.g., current date).
• innerHTML property allows easy modification of HTML content (e.g., changing text inside elements).
• Attributes can be changed dynamically via JavaScript, such as the src of an image.

Scripting Languages

• Scripting languages automate task execution within runtime environments, often interpreted rather than compiled.
• Scripts are not visible to users but alter website behavior based on user interactions.

What is JavaScript?

• JavaScript is a versatile scripting language used for creating dynamic and interactive web content.
• Enables functionalities such as multimedia control, content updates, and rendering animations on web pages.

Client-Side Programming

• Client-side scripts run in the user's browser, allowing direct access to source code.
• Useful for novices to learn and understand basic scripting, particularly JavaScript.

Inline JavaScript Syntax

• Inline JavaScript embeds script within HTML pages, either in the head or body sections.
• Event handlers like onclick can trigger JavaScript functions, altering HTML content dynamically.

JavaScript Functions and Procedures

• Functions are declared using the function keyword and can execute specific tasks based on parameters.
• Procedures in programming define a set of steps to achieve a result, such as adding two numbers.

Variables, Data Types, and Calculations

• JavaScript supports multiple data types: numbers, strings, objects, and booleans.
• Variables can store various types and dynamically change their type throughout the program.
• Strings can contain characters and can be defined with single or double quotes.
• Boolean values represent true or false states, useful in conditional statements.

Conditional Statements

• Conditional statements (if, else, switch) allow different code execution based on conditions.
• if for executing blocks based on true conditions, and else for when conditions are false.
• The switch statement executes different blocks based on varying conditions.

Additional JavaScript Concepts

• Functions can take parameters, enabling customizable behavior based on input values.
• Input popups facilitate user interaction, collecting data for processing within scripts.
• Data type conversions are necessary for manipulating and comparing different data forms effectively.### JavaScript Control Structures
• Conditional statements allow execution of code blocks based on true or false evaluations.
• Example:
  • If hour < 18, set greeting to "Good day"; else, set to "Good evening".

JavaScript Functions and Event Handling

• Functions can be defined to perform actions when triggered by events like button clicks.
• Example function myFunction() alerts "Hello".

Timing Control Functions

• setTimeout():

  • Executes a function after a specified delay in milliseconds.
  • Example: myVar = setTimeout(myFunction, 3000); can be stopped using clearTimeout(myVar).

• setInterval():

  • Repeats execution of a function at a defined interval.
  • Used for dynamic content updates, e.g., displaying current time every second using setInterval(myTimer, 1000).

jQuery Library

• jQuery simplifies JavaScript with built-in functionalities.
• Enables manipulation of HTML, CSS, and supports AJAX operations.
• Advantages include reducing code length and enhancing code reusability.

jQuery Syntax and Selectors

• Basic jQuery syntax: $(selector).action().
• Selectors:
  • $("*") selects all elements.
  • $("p.intro") selects paragraph elements with class 'intro'.

jQuery Functions and Event Handling

• Easy event handling and manipulations done using ready function for DOM operations.
• Example: To hide paragraphs upon clicking a button: $("button").click(function(){ $("p").hide(); });.

jQuery For Form Validation

• jQuery is widely used for input validation in forms to enhance user experience.
• Example validation code enforces required fields with specific error messages.

Web Hosting Basics

• Web hosting refers to providing technologies to store and view websites online.
• Hosting types include UNIX and Windows platforms, each supporting different scripting and database technologies.

Windows Hosting

• Utilizes Microsoft technologies like ASP, ASP.NET, and MSSQL for server-side scripting.
• ASP enables dynamic web page creation with embedded scripting.

UNIX and Linux Hosting

• UNIX is the original web server OS known for stability and reliability.
• Linux is based on Unix and offers affordability and a wide feature set for hosting services.

Web Servers and Utilities

• Web servers respond to browser requests by delivering web content.
• Examples: Apache HTTP Server (open-source) and Microsoft IIS (for Windows-based hosting).
• Purpose: Store and manage access to web content; also used in various specialized servers (gaming, storage, etc.).### Web Server Response Types
• Web servers respond by sending files associated with requested URLs or generating responses via scripts that communicate with databases.
• When a web page is requested, the server searches for it and sends an HTTP response; if not found, an "Error 404 Not Found" is sent.
• For other resources, the web server connects with the application server and database to create the HTTP response.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

• An ISP is a company providing internet access and connects customers via technologies like dial-up, DSL, cable modem, or wireless.
• ISPs may offer email accounts allowing communication through their servers.

Apache HTTP Server

• Apache is a widely used, open-source web server compatible with both Windows and Unix systems.
• Installation packages for Apache can include additional components like PHP and Python.
• Most Linux distributions come with Apache included; installation demos are available for platforms like Ubuntu.

Internet Information Services (IIS)

• IIS is a web server for Windows, enabling users to publish web pages and applications on local computers.
• It is not pre-installed on Windows operating systems by default; installation demos are provided.

Publishing in IIS

• Create a homepage file named "Default.htm" or "Default.asp" and copy it to the default publishing directory, typically found at \Inetpub\wwwroot.
• Visitors can access the site using either the computer name or numerical IP if a name resolution system is unavailable.
• For FTP publishing, files are copied to \Inetpub\Ftproot with similar access protocols.

Domain Name Registration

• A domain name, like "microsoft.com," is unique to a website and necessary for user accessibility through browsers and search engines.
• Domain names must be registered to be part of a large register, linking them to a specific internet IP address via DNS.

Web Hosting Options

• Shared Servers host multiple sites on one computer, offering lower costs but shared resources that can affect performance.
• Dedicated Servers provide exclusive access to resources, ideal for high-traffic websites, but at higher costs.
• Virtual Private Servers (VPS) offer a middle ground, segmenting a server into virtual servers, allowing dedicated resources without the full cost of dedicated hosting.

Web Server Ports and Configurations

• Web servers utilize numbered ports, typically port 80 for HTTP services.
• Configuration demos of Apache and IIS ports are available for instructional purposes.

Remote Login Protocols

• Remote login allows users to access host machines; common protocols include TELNET and SSH.
• TELNET establishes a connection to remote machines over TCP but lacks security.
• SSH (Secure Shell) offers encrypted communication and more flexible command execution, ensuring secure connections.

GUI Web Server Control and cPanel

• Control panels like cPanel assist in managing web hosting environments, providing operations like DNS management, email management, and database administration.
• cPanel is a popular web-based control panel with extensive functionalities, including account management, hosting plans, and security configurations.

File Permissions in Unix/Linux

• File permissions dictate access levels, categorized as Read (r), Write (w), and Execute (x).
• Permissions are assigned to user groups: Owner (User), Group (related files), and World (everyone else).

Website Maintenance Importance

• Regular website maintenance is essential to retain customer engagement, update content, and enhance search engine rankings.
• A well-maintained website reflects business value and operational integrity, requiring consistent updates and management.

Document Object Model (DOM)

• The DOM is an API for HTML/XML documents, enabling browsers to create a structured model of web pages.
• JavaScript interacts with the DOM to manipulate HTML elements and respond to events, creating dynamic webpages.

MVC Architecture and AngularJS

• The MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture streamlines web application development by separating data, presentation, and logic.
• AngularJS is a structured JavaScript framework for building dynamic single-page applications, facilitating data binding and dependency management.