Drugs for Dyslipidemia Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of fenofibrate?

  • Binds bile acids in the intestine (correct)
  • Stimulates HDL production
  • Inactivates thrombin to reduce fibrin formation
  • Inhibits cholesterol absorption in the small intestine

    • Which drug significantly lowers LDL cholesterol levels and is administered subcutaneously?

  • Heparin
  • Niacin
  • Ezetimibe
  • Alirocumab (correct)

    • What is the primary effect of ezetimibe in the body?

  • Increases HDL levels
  • Suppresses fibrin by inactivating thrombin
  • Reduces triglycerides
  • Inhibits cholesterol absorption in the small intestine (correct)

    • Which drug is known to decrease LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol levels?

    <p>Niacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does heparin achieve its anticoagulant effect?

    <p>Inactivates thrombin to reduce fibrin formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse effect is commonly associated with anticoagulant therapy using heparin?

    <p>Hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe high density lipoprotein, known as 'good cholesterol'?

    <p>HDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of medication is known for reducing LDL cholesterol and is often used alongside statins?

    <p>Cholestyramine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main adverse effect associated with HMG-CoA Inhibitors (statins)?

    <p>Rhabdomyolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid source is described as a component of the cell membrane and considered essential?

    <p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In dyslipidemia management, what is the approach no longer being targeted and instead focusing on overall risk reduction?

    <p>Specific cholesterol goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used to prevent cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction (MI) and angina, even in patients with diabetes but normal cholesterol levels?

    <p>Atorvastatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contraindication for using Low Molecular Weight Heparins like enoxaparin?

    <p>Severe kidney or liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is an overdose of Warfarin (Vitamin K antagonist) treated?

    <p>Protamine sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is an example of a Direct Factor Xa inhibitor?

    <p>Rivaroxaban</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general purpose of antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel?

    <p>To suppress platelet formation in arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is classified as a thrombolytic or fibrinolytic agent?

    <p>Alteplase (tPA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which condition is epoetin alfa commonly used?

    <p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors?

    <p>Stimulate blood cell production by bone marrow in neutropenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should healthcare professionals monitor for when administering alteplase (tPA)?

    <p>Bleeding complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug prototype is an HMG-CoA Inhibitor and commonly used to treat hypercholesterolemia and prevent cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction and angina?

    <p>Lovastatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect associated with cholestyramine?

    <p>Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipoprotein is commonly referred to as 'bad cholesterol'?

    <p>LDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between atorvastatin and cholestyramine in terms of administration?

    <p>Atorvastatin is administered orally, while cholestyramine is administered subcutaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the absolute risk assessment method for developing clinical coronary disease over the next 10 years?

    <p>ASCVD Risk Assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of niacin (nicotinic acid) in the body?

    <p>Increases HDL cholesterol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is a fibric acid derivative that binds bile acids in the intestine?

    <p>Fenofibrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab in the body?

    <p>Significantly lowers LDL cholesterol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the process of forming a blood clot?

    <p>Thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main adverse effect associated with high-dose IV heparin therapy?

    <p>Hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid source is considered essential and is described as a component of the cell membrane?

    <p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contraindication for using thrombolytic agents like alteplase (tPA)?

    <p>Renal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are Low Molecular Weight Heparins like enoxaparin administered?

    <p>Subcutaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is used to treat deep vein thrombosis and is based on body weight for dosing?

    <p>Dabigatran</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect associated with antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel?

    <p>Hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is an overdose of Direct Factor Xa inhibitors like rivaroxaban typically managed?

    <p>By reversing with fresh frozen plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is epoetin alfa commonly used to treat?

    <p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors like filgrastim?

    <p>Enhance white blood cell count</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do anticoagulants differ from antiplatelet drugs in their mechanism of action?

    <p>Anticoagulants prevent clot formation in arteries, while antiplatelet drugs prevent clot formation in veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect associated with cholestyramine?

    <p>Rhabdomyolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipoprotein is commonly referred to as 'bad cholesterol'?

    <p>VLDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does atorvastatin primarily prevent cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction and angina?

    <p>By lowering blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid source is considered essential and is described as a component of the cell membrane?

    <p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In dyslipidemia management, what approach is no longer being targeted and instead focusing on overall risk reduction?

    <p>Achieving specific cholesterol goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug significantly lowers LDL cholesterol levels but is not administered orally?

    <p>Atorvastatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the medication ezetimibe primarily act in the body?

    <p>By inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of niacin (nicotinic acid) in the body?

    <p>Raises HDL cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is a PCSK9 inhibitor administered subcutaneously and significantly lowers LDL cholesterol?

    <p>Alirocumab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fibrates like fenofibrate in decreasing lipid levels?

    <p>Lowering triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms best describes the process of stopping blood loss and forming a clot?

    <p>Hemostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug prototype has the primary action of reducing LDL cholesterol and increasing HDL cholesterol?

    <p>Niacin (nicotinic acid)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Low Molecular Weight Heparins like enoxaparin?

    <p>Prevent and treat deep vein thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is an overdose of Direct Factor Xa inhibitors like rivaroxaban typically managed?

    <p>Dabigatran</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel and anticoagulants?

    <p>Site of action in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors like filgrastim?

    <p>Stimulate blood cell production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is an example of a Direct thrombin inhibitor?

    <p>Dabigatran</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contraindication for using Anti-Platelet drugs?

    <p>GI ulcers or other bleeding conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the Newer anticoagulants differ from traditional anticoagulants like warfarin in terms of lab monitoring?

    <p>Do not require any lab tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Thrombolytic agents like alteplase?

    <p>Remove already formed clots</p> Signup and view all the answers

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