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Drugs for Dyslipidemia Overview

59 Questions

2 Views

Drugs for Dyslipidemia Overview

Created by

@SensibleLaplace

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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of fenofibrate?

Binds bile acids in the intestine (correct)

Stimulates HDL production

Inactivates thrombin to reduce fibrin formation

Inhibits cholesterol absorption in the small intestine

Which drug significantly lowers LDL cholesterol levels and is administered subcutaneously?

Heparin

Niacin

Ezetimibe

Alirocumab (correct)

What is the primary effect of ezetimibe in the body?

Increases HDL levels

Suppresses fibrin by inactivating thrombin

Reduces triglycerides

Inhibits cholesterol absorption in the small intestine (correct)

Which drug is known to decrease LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol levels?

<p>Niacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does heparin achieve its anticoagulant effect?

<p>Inactivates thrombin to reduce fibrin formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect is commonly associated with anticoagulant therapy using heparin?

<p>Hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe high density lipoprotein, known as 'good cholesterol'?

<p>HDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medication is known for reducing LDL cholesterol and is often used alongside statins?

<p>Cholestyramine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect associated with HMG-CoA Inhibitors (statins)?

<p>Rhabdomyolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lipid source is described as a component of the cell membrane and considered essential?

<p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

In dyslipidemia management, what is the approach no longer being targeted and instead focusing on overall risk reduction?

<p>Specific cholesterol goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is commonly used to prevent cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction (MI) and angina, even in patients with diabetes but normal cholesterol levels?

<p>Atorvastatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the contraindication for using Low Molecular Weight Heparins like enoxaparin?

<p>Severe kidney or liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is an overdose of Warfarin (Vitamin K antagonist) treated?

<p>Protamine sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is an example of a Direct Factor Xa inhibitor?

<p>Rivaroxaban</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general purpose of antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel?

<p>To suppress platelet formation in arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is classified as a thrombolytic or fibrinolytic agent?

<p>Alteplase (tPA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For which condition is epoetin alfa commonly used?

<p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors?

<p>Stimulate blood cell production by bone marrow in neutropenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should healthcare professionals monitor for when administering alteplase (tPA)?

<p>Bleeding complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug prototype is an HMG-CoA Inhibitor and commonly used to treat hypercholesterolemia and prevent cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction and angina?

<p>Lovastatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary adverse effect associated with cholestyramine?

<p>Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lipoprotein is commonly referred to as 'bad cholesterol'?

<p>LDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between atorvastatin and cholestyramine in terms of administration?

<p>Atorvastatin is administered orally, while cholestyramine is administered subcutaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the absolute risk assessment method for developing clinical coronary disease over the next 10 years?

<p>ASCVD Risk Assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of niacin (nicotinic acid) in the body?

<p>Increases HDL cholesterol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is a fibric acid derivative that binds bile acids in the intestine?

<p>Fenofibrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab in the body?

<p>Significantly lowers LDL cholesterol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the process of forming a blood clot?

<p>Thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect associated with high-dose IV heparin therapy?

<p>Hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lipid source is considered essential and is described as a component of the cell membrane?

<p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the contraindication for using thrombolytic agents like alteplase (tPA)?

<p>Renal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are Low Molecular Weight Heparins like enoxaparin administered?

<p>Subcutaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used to treat deep vein thrombosis and is based on body weight for dosing?

<p>Dabigatran</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary adverse effect associated with antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel?

<p>Hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is an overdose of Direct Factor Xa inhibitors like rivaroxaban typically managed?

<p>By reversing with fresh frozen plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is epoetin alfa commonly used to treat?

<p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors like filgrastim?

<p>Enhance white blood cell count</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do anticoagulants differ from antiplatelet drugs in their mechanism of action?

<p>Anticoagulants prevent clot formation in arteries, while antiplatelet drugs prevent clot formation in veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary adverse effect associated with cholestyramine?

<p>Rhabdomyolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lipoprotein is commonly referred to as 'bad cholesterol'?

<p>VLDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does atorvastatin primarily prevent cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction and angina?

<p>By lowering blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lipid source is considered essential and is described as a component of the cell membrane?

<p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

In dyslipidemia management, what approach is no longer being targeted and instead focusing on overall risk reduction?

<p>Achieving specific cholesterol goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug significantly lowers LDL cholesterol levels but is not administered orally?

<p>Atorvastatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the medication ezetimibe primarily act in the body?

<p>By inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of niacin (nicotinic acid) in the body?

<p>Raises HDL cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is a PCSK9 inhibitor administered subcutaneously and significantly lowers LDL cholesterol?

<p>Alirocumab</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fibrates like fenofibrate in decreasing lipid levels?

<p>Lowering triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms best describes the process of stopping blood loss and forming a clot?

<p>Hemostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug prototype has the primary action of reducing LDL cholesterol and increasing HDL cholesterol?

<p>Niacin (nicotinic acid)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Low Molecular Weight Heparins like enoxaparin?

<p>Prevent and treat deep vein thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is an overdose of Direct Factor Xa inhibitors like rivaroxaban typically managed?

<p>Dabigatran</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel and anticoagulants?

<p>Site of action in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors like filgrastim?

<p>Stimulate blood cell production</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is an example of a Direct thrombin inhibitor?

<p>Dabigatran</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the contraindication for using Anti-Platelet drugs?

<p>GI ulcers or other bleeding conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the Newer anticoagulants differ from traditional anticoagulants like warfarin in terms of lab monitoring?

<p>Do not require any lab tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Thrombolytic agents like alteplase?

<p>Remove already formed clots</p> Signup and view all the answers

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