Drugs Flashcards 21-30

Tizanidine (Zanaflex)

• Classification: Central alpha2-adrenergic agonist.
• Indications: Manages spasticity for daily activities; relief during critical times of spasticity.
• Side Effects: May cause hypotension, liver injury, sedation, hallucinations, psychotic-like symptoms, and hypersensitivity reactions.
• Contraindications: Avoid with CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g., fluvoxamine, ciprofloxacin), alcohol, cold medicines, narcotics, sleeping pills, muscle relaxants, and in patients with depression or anxiety.

Baclofen

• Trade Name: Baclofen.
• Classification: Muscle relaxant and antispastic.
• Indications: Alleviates spasticity from multiple sclerosis, relieves flexor spasms, pain, clonus, muscular rigidity, and aids spinal cord injuries and diseases.
• Side Effects: Commonly transient drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, and fatigue.
• Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Baclofen.

Carisoprodol (Soma)

• Classification: Skeletal muscle relaxant.
• Indications: Treats discomfort related to acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions.
• Side Effects: Can lead to paralysis, extreme weakness, lightheadedness, vision loss, agitation, confusion, headache, nausea, vomiting, and drowsiness.
• Contraindications: History of acute intermittent porphyria or hypersensitivity to the drug.

Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)

• Classification: Antihistamine.
• Indications: Relieves anxiety and tension; treats pruritus from allergic conditions; serves as a sedative for premedication and during anesthesia.
• Side Effects: Less serious effects include dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision, dry mouth, and headache. More serious effects can include uncontrolled muscle movements, confusion, and seizures.
• Contraindications: Not recommended during early pregnancy, in patients with prolonged QT interval, or those hypersensitive to hydroxyzine or related antihistamines.

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

• Classification: Xanthine oxidase inhibitor.
• Indications: Reduces serum and urinary acid concentrations; treats signs and symptoms of gout; manages hyperuricemia in patients with malignancies receiving cancer therapy.
• Side Effects: Possible drowsiness, headache, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach discomfort, altered taste, muscle pain, jaundice, weight loss, and numbness/tingling in limbs.
• Contraindications: Avoid in patients with kidney or liver disease, diabetes, congestive heart failure, high blood pressure, undergoing chemotherapy, or breastfeeding.

Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (Benadryl)

• Classification: Antihistamine.
• Side Effects: Common effects include drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, disturbed coordination, constipation, dry mouth/nose/throat, upset stomach, blurred vision, tremors, headaches, and nausea.
• Contraindications: Interactions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or if taken two weeks post-MAOI treatment.

This quiz features a set of flashcards focusing on drugs 21 to 30, including their trade names, classifications, indications, and side effects. It's a helpful study tool for anyone looking to enhance their pharmacological knowledge, particularly regarding Tizanidine and its various aspects.