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Questions and Answers
Which of the following classifications of drugs specifically targets and destroys protozoa?
What is a critical characteristic of a drug according to its classification as a chemotherapeutic agent?
What is the primary purpose of a proprietary or trade name for a drug?
Which of the following options describes the function of antifungal medications?
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What is essential for a drug's chemical name according to nomenclature rules?
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Which of the following agents is known to increase blood pressure as part of its therapeutic action?
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Which statement accurately describes 'anti-bacterials'?
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What type of drug is used primarily for the treatment of mental disorders?
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What is a primary characteristic that should be avoided in a drug to ensure safety and effectiveness?
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Which of the following best describes the role of vitamins in drug classification?
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Study Notes
Drug Nomenclature
- Aspirin is chemically known as acetylsalicylic acid and marketed under names like Disprin, Analgin, Aspro, and Anacin.
- Many drugs have multiple names; for example, diphenhydramine has 13 different synonyms.
- Drug nomenclature includes chemical names, generic names, and trade names.
Medicinal Terms
- Pharmacon refers to a drug; pharmacophore denotes the specific functional groups responsible for a drug's physiological effect.
- Introducing a pharmacophore can enhance a drug's biological activity and reduce toxicity.
Prodrugs
- Prodrugs are inactive forms of biologically active drugs that become active upon metabolic conversion.
- Latentiation is the process that masks a drug's activity temporarily, leading to effects like prolonged action and regulated transport.
Pharmacokinetics
- Half-life efficiency is the time required for a drug's plasma concentration to reduce by 50%.
- Pharmacokinetics encompasses how the body affects drugs (ADME: Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion).
Pharmacology
- Pharmacology studies how drugs interact with biological systems, divided into pharmacodynamics (effects on the body) and pharmacokinetics (body's effects on the drug).
- An ideal drug should target specific physiological systems effectively and safely with minimal toxicity.
Drug Classification
- Two classification methods: based on chemical structure or therapeutic action.
- Types of therapeutic action include pharmacodynamic agents, chemotherapeutic agents, vitamins, and hormones.
Functional or Pharmacodynamic Agents
- CNS agents can be non-selective depressants (e.g., hypnotics) or selective modifiers (e.g., tranquilizers).
- Adrenergic stimulants increase blood pressure; local anesthetics block pain sensation.
Chemotherapeutic Agents
- These agents specifically target and eliminate disease-causing organisms with minimal harm to host cells.
- Categories include organometallic compounds (e.g., cisplatin), anthelmintics, antiprotozoals, and antimalarials.
Antifungal and Antiviral Agents
- Antifungals treat fungal infections on skin, hair, and nails; antivirals inhibit virus replication.
Antibiotics and Antibacterials
- Sulfa drugs were the first antibacterial agents, while antibiotics target bacterial infections but not viral ones.
- Anti-tubercular drugs handle infections caused by mycobacteria; anti-neoplastic drugs target cancerous tumors.
Nomenclature of Drugs
- Chemical names describe the drug's molecular structure, while generic names are common or official names.
- Proprietary names are brand names selected by manufacturers, designed to be memorable and suggestive of the drug's use.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the nomenclature of various drugs, including their synonyms and different trade names under which they are marketed. This quiz will help you understand the complexities of medicinal terminology and how one drug can have multiple names. Perfect for pharmacy and medical students!
