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Drug Dosage Forms and Administration Routes
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Drug Dosage Forms and Administration Routes

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Questions and Answers

Which type of drug dosage form is primarily designed for administration via the intestinal route to avoid stomach irritation?

  • Regular Tablet
  • Sugar-Coated Tablet
  • Enteric-Coated Tablet (correct)
  • Effervescent Tablet

    • Which of the following is NOT classified as a solid dosage form?

  • Granules
  • Syrups (correct)
  • Capsules
  • Tablets

    • What is the primary purpose of excipients in a drug dosage form?

  • To mask the taste of the drug
  • To enhance drug absorption only
  • To provide the active substance
  • To improve physical, chemical, and therapeutic properties (correct)

    • Which coated tablet type is primarily designed to improve taste and swallowing ease?

    <p>Sugar-Coated Tablet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Effervescent tablets typically dissolve in water to produce which effect?

    <p>A fizzy drink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dosage form is classified under semisolid dosage forms?

    <p>Creams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes film-coated tablets from regular tablets?

    <p>They have a thin film for controlled release.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of an immediate-release tablet?

    <p>It releases the active ingredient immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of a liquid dosage form?

    <p>Suspensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are soft-gel capsules primarily used for?

    <p>Holding liquids or semi-solid medications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dosage form consists of finely ground medicinal substances mixed with diluents?

    <p>Powders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common use for syrups in medicine?

    <p>As palatable preparations for children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do emulsions differ from solutions in liquid dosage forms?

    <p>Emulsions consist of two immiscible liquids stabilized by an emulsifier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes granules from powders?

    <p>Granules are larger and spherical particles containing medication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding extended-release tablets?

    <p>They release the active ingredient over a prolonged period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a suspension in liquid dosage forms?

    <p>A liquid dosage form where drug particles are not dissolved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of transdermal patches compared to traditional oral medication methods?

    <p>They are non-invasive and easy to apply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dosage form is designed to dissolve slowly in the mouth for sustained therapeutic effects?

    <p>Lozenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of using the oral route for drug administration?

    <p>It can lead to gastrointestinal side effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the sublingual route differ from the buccal route in terms of absorption speed?

    <p>Sublingual provides faster absorption into the bloodstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do dosage forms have on medication administration?

    <p>They can influence the method and timing of administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of topical routes of administration?

    <p>They involve direct application to specific body areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common advantage of using transdermal patches?

    <p>Painful administration method.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the primary use of creams?

    <p>Creams are semisolid emulsions containing both oil and water phases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these options correctly lists routes with varying absorption speeds?

    <p>Buccal absorbs slower than sublingual but faster than oral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of ointments compared to creams?

    <p>Ointments form a barrier on the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of gels as semisolid dosage forms?

    <p>To disperse the drug in a gel-forming agent for relief from irritants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about nasal sprays is true?

    <p>Nasal sprays can contain antihistamines and corticosteroids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes mouthwash from gargles?

    <p>Mouthwash is used for oral hygiene while gargles target sore throat infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common ingredient found in both mouthwash and gargles?

    <p>Antibacterial agents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which description accurately defines aerosols in medical applications?

    <p>Aerosols contain propellants that deliver medication as a mist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of using oral sprays?

    <p>To deliver medications to the mouth and throat for localized treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary advantage of the topical route of medication administration?

    <p>Minimizes systemic side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage associated with the transdermal route of medication?

    <p>Skin irritation or allergic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of intravenous (IV) injections?

    <p>They provide immediate effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential disadvantage of the inhalation route of medication administration?

    <p>Potential for respiratory irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the purpose of the nasal route of administering medication?

    <p>For rapid absorption in the nasal passages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a disadvantage of the rectal route of medication administration?

    <p>Can be uncomfortable or embarrassing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of medications are commonly delivered via the inhalation route?

    <p>Gaseous or aerosolized medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following routes is most suitable for medication requiring sustained release over time?

    <p>Transdermal route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Drug Dosage Forms

    • A drug dosage form is the physical presentation of medication, impacting absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination.
    • Composed of active drug substances and excipients that enhance formulation properties.

    Solid Dosage Forms

    • Tablets: Compressed solid forms, often coated. Types include regular, sugar-coated, film-coated, enteric-coated, and effervescent tablets. They vary based on release mechanisms (immediate, extended, delayed).
    • Capsules: Gelatin or other edible materials containing medication. Types: hard-gel (two-piece) and soft-gel (single piece with liquid).
    • Powders: Finely ground medicinal substances, taken orally or topically.
    • Granules: Small spherical particles containing medication, used for a variety of applications.

    Liquid Dosage Forms

    • Solutions: Complete drug dissolution in a solvent, easily absorbed and administered.
    • Syrups: Concentrated sugar solutions with medicinal substances, palatable for children.
    • Emulsions: Mixtures of two immiscible liquids, stabilized for injection or infusion.
    • Suspensions: Liquid preparations with suspended drug particles, requiring shaking before use.

    Semisolid Dosage Forms

    • Creams: Emulsions containing oil and water, lighter for skin applications.
    • Ointments: Occlusive semisolid preparations for topical application.
    • Gels: Drug dispersed in a gel-forming agent, often for relieving skin irritation.
    • Pastes: Thick, stiff forms with a high powder content, preventing skin contact with irritants.

    Other Dosage Forms

    • Nasal Sprays: Treat nasal congestion using antihistamines or decongestants.
    • Oral Sprays: Deliver medication to the mouth and throat.
    • Aerosol Sprays: Fine mist application for both topical and inhalation.
    • Lozenges: Slow-dissolving oral forms for sustained therapeutic effects.

    Routes of Drug Administration

    • The route chosen affects drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination.

    Oral Route

    • Involves swallowing tablets, capsules, or liquids.
    • Advantages: Easy administration, convenient.
    • Disadvantages: Potential gastrointestinal effects, variable absorption.
    • Common examples: Pain relievers, antibiotics, vitamins.

    Sublingual and Buccal Routes

    • Sublingual: Medication placed under the tongue for rapid absorption.
    • Buccal: Placed between gums and cheek for sustained release, slower than sublingual.

    Topical Route

    • Direct application to skin or mucous membranes.
    • Advantages: Targeted application minimizes systemic side effects.
    • Disadvantages: Possibility of skin irritation.
    • Common forms: Lotions, creams, ointments, sprays.

    Transdermal Route

    • Medication applied via a patch for sustained release.
    • Advantages: Avoids frequent dosing.
    • Disadvantages: Risk of skin irritation or allergic reactions.
    • Examples include nicotine and pain relief patches.

    Parenteral Route

    • Injection methods bypassing the digestive system.
    • Intravenous (IV): Rapid absorption via veins.
    • Intramuscular (IM): Slower absorption in muscles.
    • Subcutaneous (SC): Slow and steady absorption in fatty tissue.

    Inhalation Route

    • Medication inhaled in aerosolized form for rapid lung delivery.
    • Advantages: Direct and quick absorption.
    • Disadvantages: May cause respiratory irritation.
    • Common examples: Asthma inhalers and bronchodilators.

    Nasal Route

    • Administration via nasal cavity as sprays or drops.
    • Advantages: Fast absorption; direct delivery to nasal passages.
    • Disadvantages: Potential for nasal irritation.
    • Examples: Nasal decongestants and corticosteroids.

    Rectal Route

    • Medication administered as a suppository.
    • Advantages: Avoids first-pass metabolism.
    • Disadvantages: Possible discomfort or embarrassment for patients.

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    Description

    This quiz explores various drug dosage forms and their respective routes of administration, as outlined by Fatimae Mariano, MSPharm. It will help you differentiate among dosage forms and explain the implications of different administration routes for effective medication delivery.

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