28 Questions
Which dosage form is suitable for administration to the patient as tablets, ointments, and injections?
Solid dosage forms
Which type of tablets dissolves in the stomach or small intestine?
Enteric coated tablets
Which liquid dosage form is prepared by mixing the drug in water and can be used for oral, topical, or parenteral administration?
Aqueous solutions
Which semi-solid dosage form is suitable for application to the skin and eyes?
Ointments
Which type of capsules dissolve in the stomach or small intestine?
Gelatin capsules
Which type of liquid dosage form is a syrup with a high concentration of sugar?
Elixirs
Which solid dosage form is inserted into the anal canal and dissolves at body temperature?
Suppositories
25
Soluble gelatin capsule. Dissolves in stomach or small intestine.
What is the purpose of binding agents in tablets?
To control the release of the drug
Which semi-solid dosage form is absorbed better into the skin?
Creams
In which type of liquid dosage form is the drug mixed in water and suitable for oral, topical, or parenteral administration?
Aqueous solutions
Which type of tablets is designed to dissolve slowly in the mouth?
Lozenges
Which type of injections are typically found in vials or ampoules?
Intravenous injections
Which liquid dosage form involves drug mixed with a gelatin-like viscous material?
Gels
What is the main difference between creams and ointments as semi-solid dosage forms?
Base composition
Which type of tablets are designed to dissolve in the stomach or small intestine?
Enteric coated tablets
What is the primary difference between capsules and tablets as dosage forms?
Forming process
Which type of solid dosage form is inserted into the anal canal and dissolves at body temperature?
Suppositories
What is the primary focus of pharmacodynamics?
The biochemical effects of a drug on the body
Which of the following is NOT a level of drug effects in pharmacodynamics?
Genetic
What is the definition of a receptor in pharmacodynamics?
A molecule that binds to a drug to create a cellular response
What type of drug often binds to its target via weak, reversible bonds?
Most drugs
What is the clinical effect of a drug in pharmacodynamics primarily dependent on?
The dose-response relationship
What is the mechanism of action of an inverse agonist?
Causes an effect opposite to receptor activation
Which type of receptors have endogenous agonists?
G protein-coupled receptors
Which pathway involves the activation of effector adenylyl cyclase and subsequent formation of cAMP?
Adenylyl cyclase pathway
Which G protein subtype is associated with serotonin (5HT1) receptors?
Gαq
What is the primary function of direct ligand-gated ion channel receptors?
Allows ions to travel across the membrane
Study Notes
Dosage Forms
- Tablets, ointments, and injections are suitable for administration to patients.
- Enteric-coated tablets dissolve in the small intestine.
- Solutions are prepared by mixing the drug in water and can be used for oral, topical, or parenteral administration.
- Ointments and creams are semi-solid dosage forms suitable for application to the skin and eyes.
- Gelatin capsules dissolve in the stomach or small intestine.
- Syrups are liquid dosage forms with a high concentration of sugar.
- Suppositories are solid dosage forms inserted into the anal canal and dissolve at body temperature.
Tablet Properties
- Binding agents are used in tablets to hold the powder together.
- Buccal tablets are designed to dissolve slowly in the mouth.
- Enteric-coated tablets dissolve in the stomach or small intestine.
Liquid Dosage Forms
- Solutions involve mixing the drug in water and are suitable for oral, topical, or parenteral administration.
- Injections are typically found in vials or ampoules.
- Gels are liquid dosage forms that involve drug mixed with a gelatin-like viscous material.
Semi-Solid Dosage Forms
- Ointments are more occlusive and less absorbed into the skin compared to creams.
- Creams are more hydrophilic and absorbed better into the skin compared to ointments.
Pharmacodynamics
- Pharmacodynamics focuses on the effects of drugs on the body.
- The primary difference between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is that pharmacodynamics deals with the effects of drugs, while pharmacokinetics deals with the movement of drugs in the body.
- A receptor is a specific binding site for a drug or ligand.
- Agonists often bind to their target via weak, reversible bonds.
- The clinical effect of a drug is primarily dependent on the drug's concentration at the site of action.
- Inverse agonists decrease the normal physiological response.
- G-protein coupled receptors have endogenous agonists.
- The cAMP pathway involves the activation of effector adenylyl cyclase and subsequent formation of cAMP.
- The G protein subtype associated with serotonin (5HT1) receptors is Gαi.
- Direct ligand-gated ion channel receptors directly open or close an ion channel, leading to a rapid change in the ion flux across the membrane.
Test your knowledge about drug dosage forms and routes of administration with this quiz. Learn about different types of dosage forms such as tablets, ointments, injections, and the substances added to the active ingredient. Explore solid, liquid, semisolid, and inhalation dosage forms.
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