Drug Administration and Grapefruit Juice
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Questions and Answers

Which enzyme does grapefruit juice inhibit, along with other fruit juices?

  • CYP2D6
  • CYP3A4
  • OATP1A2 (correct)
  • P-gp
  • Which of the following drugs does grapefruit juice NOT increase the oral bioavailability of?

  • Lovastatin
  • Simvastatin
  • Atorvastatin
  • Felodipine (correct)
  • Which type of vessels surround the small intestine and take up drugs from the basolateral side of the intestinal membrane?

  • Hepatic vessels
  • Mesenteric vessels (correct)
  • Pulmonary vessels
  • Renal vessels
  • Which juice has a greater effect on oral bioavailability when compared to regular-strength juice?

    <p>Double-strength juice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs has NOT shown large increases in plasma concentrations when taken with grapefruit juice?

    <p>Cyclosporine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two factors need to be considered when discussing drug distribution?

    <p>How rapidly and to what extent the drug is absorbed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can information about the rate of drug distribution be obtained?

    <p>By observing the changes in plasma concentrations in the early period after drug administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it rarely possible to measure tissue concentrations of a drug clinically?

    <p>Because it is difficult to access tissues for measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the plasma concentration of a drug represent in terms of drug distribution?

    <p>The extent of drug distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the plasma concentration of a drug constitute in terms of drug distribution?

    <p>A window for observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Enzyme Inhibition and Grapefruit Juice

    • CYP3A4 enzyme is inhibited by grapefruit juice, along with other fruit juices.

    Drug Bioavailability

    • Grapefruit juice does NOT increase the oral bioavailability of Pravastatin.

    Intestinal Absorption

    • Lymphatic vessels surround the small intestine and take up drugs from the basolateral side of the intestinal membrane.

    Comparative Effects of Juices on Oral Bioavailability

    • High-strength juice has a greater effect on oral bioavailability when compared to regular-strength juice.

    Drug Interactions with Grapefruit Juice

    • Fexofenadine has NOT shown large increases in plasma concentrations when taken with grapefruit juice.

    Factors Affecting Drug Distribution

    • Two factors to consider when discussing drug distribution are:
      • Plasma protein binding
      • Tissue permeability

    Obtaining Information on Drug Distribution

    • Information about the rate of drug distribution can be obtained through pharmacokinetic studies.

    Limitations of Measuring Tissue Concentrations

    • It is rarely possible to measure tissue concentrations of a drug clinically due to ethical and logistical reasons.

    Plasma Concentration and Drug Distribution

    • The plasma concentration of a drug represents the amount of drug in the bloodstream at a given time.
    • The plasma concentration of a drug constitutes the central compartment in pharmacokinetic models.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on drug administration, absorption, and bioavailability with this quiz. Learn about the impact of grapefruit juice on drug absorption and the role of intestinal CYP3A4. Discover how grapefruit juice affects the oral bioavailability of certain drugs.

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