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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of catabolic reactions in the body?

  • To provide energy for cell function (correct)
  • To eliminate waste products from the body
  • To absorb nutrients from food
  • To synthesize essential compounds
  • Which of the following is NOT considered a component of the digestive tract?

  • Small intestine
  • Pharynx
  • Large intestine
  • Liver (correct)
  • What process involves the release of substances like acids and enzymes into the digestive tract?

  • Digestion
  • Absorption
  • Secretion (correct)
  • Excretion
  • Which function of the digestive system refers to the breakdown of food into smaller fragments?

    <p>Digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary protective role of the lining of the digestive tract?

    <p>To prevent mechanical damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of eliminating waste materials from the digestive tract is known as what?

    <p>Defecation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nutrients can be absorbed directly into the interstitial fluid from the digestive tract?

    <p>Organic substrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do macrophages primarily target in the digestive system?

    <p>Bacteria in the lamina propria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the transverse mesocolon?

    <p>It supports the transverse colon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to peritonitis?

    <p>Rupturing of the appendix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the digestive tract is responsible for nutrient absorption?

    <p>Mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelial cell is found in the stomach and intestines for absorption?

    <p>Simple columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of physical damage or bacterial invasion of the peritoneum?

    <p>Symptoms of peritonitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cells secrete hormones in the digestive tract?

    <p>Enteroendocrine cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is primarily involved in the mechanical stress resistance of the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus?

    <p>Stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical lifespan of epithelial cells in the large intestine?

    <p>Up to 6 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the peritoneal fluid in the abdominopelvic cavity?

    <p>To allow relative movement of organs without friction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity?

    <p>Ascites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do mesenteries play in the digestive system?

    <p>They stabilize organ positions and prevent entanglement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is NOT associated with stabilizing the stomach?

    <p>Mesentery proper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the greater omentum?

    <p>To hang from the stomach and provide insulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding retroperitoneal organs?

    <p>They are located behind the peritoneal cavity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much peritoneal fluid is secreted and reabsorbed each day?

    <p>About seven liters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the mesenteries associated with the first 25 cm of the small intestine?

    <p>They are fusing with the abdominal wall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to lost epithelial cells in the digestive tract?

    <p>They accumulate damage, impairing nutrient absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the submucosal plexus?

    <p>To innervate the mucosa and submucosa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the muscularis externa in the digestive tract?

    <p>It has an inner circular and an outer longitudinal muscle layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do pacesetter cells contribute to digestive tract function?

    <p>They initiate cycles of spontaneous depolarization for contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is peristalsis?

    <p>A series of rhythmic contractions moving a bolus along the digestive tract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes segmentation from peristalsis?

    <p>Segmentation mixes and fragments without directional movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanisms regulate the activities of the digestive system?

    <p>Neural, hormonal, and local mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the muscularis externa play in digestion?

    <p>It generates movements for propulsion and mechanical processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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