Questions and Answers
What is the mechanism of action of Docusate sodium?
Reduces surface tension of the oil-water interface of the stool resulting in stool softening.
What is the therapeutic category of Docusate sodium?
Stool softener
For what indications is Docusate sodium utilized?
Prevention of straining during defecation and constipation associated with hard stools.
What precautions should be taken with Docusate sodium?
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What adverse reactions might occur with Docusate sodium?
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What drug-drug interactions should be monitored for with Docusate sodium?
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How is Docusate sodium excreted?
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No dosing adjustments are needed for patients with renal or hepatic impairment.
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How should Docusate sodium be administered?
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What nursing implications are important for Docusate sodium?
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What patient teaching is needed related to Docusate sodium?
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Lab tests are needed for patients taking Docusate sodium.
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Study Notes
Mechanism of Action
- Reduces surface tension of the oil-water interface in stool, softening the stool for easier passage.
Therapeutic Category
- Classified as a stool softener; used for preventing straining during defecation and for relief of occasional constipation associated with hard, dry stools.
Indications
- Utilized to prevent straining during defecation, particularly in cases of hard stools.
- Dosing recommendations:
- Adults and children over 12 years: 50-500 mg/day.
- Children aged 6-12 years: 40-120 mg/day.
Warnings and Precautions
- Discontinue use if there is rash, anal irritation, or resistance with insertion for enemas, to avoid injury.
- Do not use for longer than 7 days for over-the-counter self-medication.
- Contraindicated in cases of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or when used with mineral oil.
Adverse Reactions
- Commonly, 1-10% of users may experience throat irritation with liquid formulation.
- Possible mild, transitory gastrointestinal cramping, diarrhea, or skin rashes.
- Patients should report any instance of rectal irritation or bleeding to their healthcare provider.
Drug-Food Interactions
- Concomitant use with aspirin may enhance intestinal mucosal damage; caution is advised.
- Avoid use with mineral oil due to increased gastrointestinal absorption risks.
Excretion
- Primarily excreted in feces.
Dosing in Special Populations
- No dosing adjustments are necessary for patients with renal or hepatic impairment.
Administration
- Oral administration should involve mixing docusate liquid with milk or fruit juice to prevent throat irritation.
- For rectal use, lubrication is advised to ease insertion, and the contents should be delivered slowly.
Nursing Implications
- Be aware that some formulations may contain sodium.
- Medication safety considerations include recognizing sound-alike medications and being aware of potential international complications.
- Short-term use during pregnancy is safe, but chronic overuse can lead to hypomagnesemia in newborns.
- Docusate is safe for breastfeeding, but patients should be guided on appropriate usage to avoid excessive or prolonged intake.
Patient Education
- Patients should be informed about possible abdominal cramps and to report any rectal irritation immediately.
- Emphasize the importance of taking docusate with a full glass of water.
- Encourage mixing liquid forms with milk or fruit juice to prevent throat irritation.
- Laxatives should be used minimally and only when necessary; patients should consult healthcare providers if experiencing significant symptoms or changes in bowel habits.
- Advise discontinuation of use and contacting a provider if rectal bleeding occurs or if a bowel movement is not achieved after use.
Monitoring Parameters
- Regular rectal exams are recommended for patients with impaired function.
- Monitor for signs of hypomagnesemia in newborns due to chronic maternal overuse during pregnancy.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Docusate Sodium with these flashcards. This quiz covers the mechanism of action, therapeutic category, and indications for use. Perfect for students in pharmacology or anyone wanting to learn more about this stool softener.
