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DNA Replication

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of RNA primase in DNA replication?

Helps DNA polymerase stay attached to the template strand

Removes RNA primers from the new strands of DNA

Repairs the gaps left after RNase H degrades RNA nucleotides

Synthesizes short RNA primers to provide a 3’ end for DNA polymerase (correct)

What is the role of the sliding clamp in DNA replication?

Binds to DNA polymerase and helps it stay attached to the template strand (correct)

Removes RNA primers from the new DNA strands

Repairs the gaps left after RNase H degrades RNA nucleotides

Synthesizes short RNA primers for DNA polymerase

Why are Okazaki fragments formed during DNA replication?

To facilitate the binding of DNA polymerase to the template strand

Due to the antiparallel orientation of the lagging strand (correct)

To provide a 5’ end for DNA polymerase

To repair damaged DNA nucleotides

What is the enzyme responsible for degrading the RNA nucleotides in the RNA primers?

RNase H Signup and view all the answers

Why does DNA polymerase require a pre-existing chain or primer to start the replication process?

To provide a 3’ end for the addition of nucleotides Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the repetitive sequences of DNA that protect the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes?

Telomeres Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme can extend the ends of the chromosomes by adding more telomeric repeats to the 3’ end of the lagging strand?

Telomerase Signup and view all the answers

What is the first safeguard against mutations during DNA replication?

Proofreading function of DNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

What happens to telomeres with each cell division in eukaryotic cells?

They shorten Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells are vulnerable to cellular senescence or apoptosis due to telomere shortening?

Somatic cells not expressing telomerase Signup and view all the answers