Molecuar Basis of Inheritance

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Questions and Answers

What is the main application of repetitive sequences in DNA?

  • Tracing human history
  • Disease detection
  • Cancer cell diagnosis
  • DNA fingerprinting (correct)

What is the difference between bulk DNA and satellite DNA?

  • Satellite DNA is more dense
  • Satellite DNA is highly repetitive (correct)
  • Bulk DNA is not found in humans
  • Satellite DNA has a lower number of repetitive units

How many genes are found on the Y-chromosome?

  • 5000 genes
  • 1000 genes
  • 231 genes (correct)
  • 2968 genes

What is the purpose of DNA fingerprinting in forensic medicine?

<p>To match DNA samples of suspects to reach the criminals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic disorder that can be detected with genomic sequence?

<p>Sickle cell anemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the technique used to separate repetitive DNA sequences from bulk genomic DNA?

<p>Density gradient centrifugation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the genome is similar among humans?

<p>99.9% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of restriction digestion in DNA fingerprinting?

<p>To cut DNA into multiple fragments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of autoradiography in DNA fingerprinting?

<p>A banding pattern (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main application of DNA fingerprinting in forensic science?

<p>Criminal identification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the repetitive DNA sequences used in DNA fingerprinting?

<p>VNTR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of DNA isolation in DNA fingerprinting?

<p>To obtain a biological sample (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of satellite DNA in DNA fingerprinting?

<p>To determine the characteristic of an individual's DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Short Tandem Repeats (STR)?

<p>Repeat unit size is 2-6 base pairs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is polymorphism in the context of genetics?

<p>An inheritable mutation observed in a population at a high frequency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Microsatellite and Minisatellite?

<p>Microsatellite has 2-6 base pairs repeating units, while Minisatellite has 10-100 base pairs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of DNA fingerprinting?

<p>To determine the characteristic of an individual's DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered the technique of DNA fingerprinting?

<p>Sir Alec Jeffreys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the operator in the lac operon?

<p>To bind the repressor protein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of gene regulation is affected by the transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

<p>Processing level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the system where the polycistronic structural gene is regulated by a common promoter and regulatory protein?

<p>Operon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lac gene codes for the β-galactosidase enzyme?

<p>lacZ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of converting genetic information stored in the DNA into protein within the cell?

<p>Gene expression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the promoter of the inhibitory gene in the lac operon?

<p>Pi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the 5' cap in post-transcriptional modification?

<p>To protect the transcript from enzyme attack (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription?

<p>The type of RNA formed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of transcription factors in eukaryotic transcription?

<p>To regulate gene expression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the poly A tail in post-transcriptional modification?

<p>To protect the transcript from enzyme attack (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the RNA formed in prokaryotic transcription?

<p>Polycistronic only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between introns and exons in a transcription unit?

<p>Introns are non-coding and exons are coding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of rho factor in transcription?

<p>To release RNA from RNA polymerase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of encountering a terminator sequence during RNA synthesis?

<p>The RNA is released from RNA polymerase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During RNA synthesis, what is the direction of transcription?

<p>From 5' to 3' on the DNA template (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 5' cap in mRNA?

<p>To protect the RNA from degradation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the initiator tRNA in translation?

<p>To bring the first amino acid to the ribosome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the splicing process during post-transcriptional modification?

<p>The removal of introns and joining of exons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance PDF

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