Molecuar Basis of Inheritance
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Questions and Answers

What is the main application of repetitive sequences in DNA?

  • Tracing human history
  • Disease detection
  • Cancer cell diagnosis
  • DNA fingerprinting (correct)

    • What is the difference between bulk DNA and satellite DNA?

  • Satellite DNA is more dense
  • Satellite DNA is highly repetitive (correct)
  • Bulk DNA is not found in humans
  • Satellite DNA has a lower number of repetitive units

    • How many genes are found on the Y-chromosome?

  • 5000 genes
  • 1000 genes
  • 231 genes (correct)
  • 2968 genes

    • What is the purpose of DNA fingerprinting in forensic medicine?

    <p>To match DNA samples of suspects to reach the criminals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic disorder that can be detected with genomic sequence?

    <p>Sickle cell anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the technique used to separate repetitive DNA sequences from bulk genomic DNA?

    <p>Density gradient centrifugation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the genome is similar among humans?

    <p>99.9%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of restriction digestion in DNA fingerprinting?

    <p>To cut DNA into multiple fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of autoradiography in DNA fingerprinting?

    <p>A banding pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main application of DNA fingerprinting in forensic science?

    <p>Criminal identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the repetitive DNA sequences used in DNA fingerprinting?

    <p>VNTR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of DNA isolation in DNA fingerprinting?

    <p>To obtain a biological sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of satellite DNA in DNA fingerprinting?

    <p>To determine the characteristic of an individual's DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Short Tandem Repeats (STR)?

    <p>Repeat unit size is 2-6 base pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is polymorphism in the context of genetics?

    <p>An inheritable mutation observed in a population at a high frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between Microsatellite and Minisatellite?

    <p>Microsatellite has 2-6 base pairs repeating units, while Minisatellite has 10-100 base pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of DNA fingerprinting?

    <p>To determine the characteristic of an individual's DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who discovered the technique of DNA fingerprinting?

    <p>Sir Alec Jeffreys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the operator in the lac operon?

    <p>To bind the repressor protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of gene regulation is affected by the transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

    <p>Processing level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the system where the polycistronic structural gene is regulated by a common promoter and regulatory protein?

    <p>Operon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lac gene codes for the β-galactosidase enzyme?

    <p>lacZ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of converting genetic information stored in the DNA into protein within the cell?

    <p>Gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the promoter of the inhibitory gene in the lac operon?

    <p>Pi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the 5' cap in post-transcriptional modification?

    <p>To protect the transcript from enzyme attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription?

    <p>The type of RNA formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of transcription factors in eukaryotic transcription?

    <p>To regulate gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the poly A tail in post-transcriptional modification?

    <p>To protect the transcript from enzyme attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the RNA formed in prokaryotic transcription?

    <p>Polycistronic only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between introns and exons in a transcription unit?

    <p>Introns are non-coding and exons are coding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of rho factor in transcription?

    <p>To release RNA from RNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of encountering a terminator sequence during RNA synthesis?

    <p>The RNA is released from RNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During RNA synthesis, what is the direction of transcription?

    <p>From 5' to 3' on the DNA template</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 5' cap in mRNA?

    <p>To protect the RNA from degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the initiator tRNA in translation?

    <p>To bring the first amino acid to the ribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the splicing process during post-transcriptional modification?

    <p>The removal of introns and joining of exons</p> Signup and view all the answers

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