Respiratory System BMS CLASS
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Questions and Answers

What is the average blood pH level?

  • 7.50
  • 7.60
  • 7.30
  • 7.40 (correct)

    • How do the body's cells use O2?

  • For converting nutrients into energy (correct)
  • For eliminating acidity
  • For producing ATP
  • For producing carbon dioxide

    • What happens if the blood pH is above 7.45?

  • Normal pH level
  • Alkalemia (correct)
  • No impact on the body
  • Acidemia

    • What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

    <p>Exchanging gases between the atmosphere and body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do large amounts of CO2 produce?

    <p>Acidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the cardiovascular and respiratory systems cooperate?

    <p>To supply O2 and eliminate CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to homeostasis in the body through gas exchange?

    <p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What helps adjust the pH of body fluids?

    <p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does gas exchange between air and blood occur?

    <p>In the alveoli and capillary walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

    <p>Filter, warm, and moisten air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical structures are included in the upper respiratory system?

    <p>Nose, pharynx, and associated structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the larynx?

    <p>Providing a resonating chamber for speech sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical structure prevents food from entering the larynx during swallowing?

    <p>Epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the trachea?

    <p>Conducting air into the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the carina located?

    <p>At the level of T5 where the trachea divides into the primary bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As bronchi branch into smaller bronchioles, what structural change occurs?

    <p>Mucous membrane changes from ciliated columnar epithelium to simple cuboidal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of respiration?

    <p>Cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of bronchial arteries in the lungs?

    <p>Perfuse the bronchi and bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes air to flow into the lungs during inhalation?

    <p>Decreased pressure inside the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the capillary basement membrane in the lungs?

    <p>Assisting in gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas has a higher solubility in water, leading to more of it staying in solution in body fluids?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name for the volume of air remaining in the lungs that cannot be measured?

    <p>Residual volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which step of respiration does the exchange of gases occur between the alveoli of the lungs and the blood in pulmonary capillaries?

    <p>External respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pneumotaxic area in the respiratory system?

    <p>Regulates the rhythm of the inspiratory area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the central chemoreceptors located?

    <p>Medulla oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the apneustic area in the respiratory system?

    <p>Stimulates the inspiratory area to activate and prolong inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the medullary rhythmicity area in the respiratory system?

    <p>In control of the basic rhythm of respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located in the respiratory system?

    <p>Carotid bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the pneumotaxic area help to regulate in the respiratory system?

    <p>Duration of each inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reflex is the inflation (Hering-Breuer) reflex in the respiratory system?

    <p>Protective reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of cortical influences on respiration?

    <p>Voluntary control of respiratory pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of internal respiration?

    <p>Exchange of O2 and CO2 between systemic capillaries and tissue cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor affects the rate of diffusion in pulmonary and systemic gas exchange?

    <p>Molecular weight and solubility of the gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of inhaled O2 is dissolved in blood plasma?

    <p>1.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines how much O2 binds to hemoglobin?

    <p>Partial pressure of O2 (PO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to hemoglobin's affinity for O2 as acidity increases?

    <p>Affinity for O2 decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in temperature affect the amount of O2 released from hemoglobin?

    <p>Amount of O2 released increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of 3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) in RBC?

    <p>Helps unload O2 from hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main forms in which CO2 is transported in blood?

    <p>Dissolved CO2, carbamino compounds, bicarbonate ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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