Questions and Answers
What is vehicle transmission?
List the most common examples of non-living vehicles.
Air, water, food, various biological products (blood, serum, tissue), fomites.
Infected organism sheds the pathogen: contamination of vehicle may be either from a _______ or _____ source.
human, animal
What are the types of vehicle transmission?
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What is waterborne transmission?
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What type of infection is rotavirus associated with?
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What type of organism causes Giardia infections?
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What type of infection is vibrio cholerae associated with?
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What is airborne transmission?
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What is tuberculosis?
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What is influenza?
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What is foodborne transmission?
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What is norovirus?
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What does the term 'vehicle' refer to in disease transmission?
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Give examples of gastrointestinal diseases related to waterborne transmission.
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Give examples of diseases related to airborne transmission.
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Give examples of gastrointestinal diseases related to foodborne transmission.
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Study Notes
Vehicle Transmission Definition
- Disease transmission occurs from host to host via non-living substances that transport pathogens.
Common Non-Living Vehicles
- Common vehicles include air, water, food, biological products (blood, serum, tissue), and fomites (inanimate objects).
Source of Pathogen in Vehicle Transmission
- Pathogens can originate from human or animal sources through contaminated hosts or inanimate objects.
- Air-conditioning systems and fungi on walls can also shed pathogens.
Stachybotrys
- A mold that mainly grows on wet drywall, causing significant problems in homes.
Types of Vehicle Transmission
- Waterborne Transmission
- Airborne Transmission
- Foodborne Transmission
Waterborne Transmission
- Indirect fecal-oral contamination, often linked to gastrointestinal diseases, is prevalent in third-world countries.
- Common waterborne diseases include:
- Rotavirus infections
- Giardia infections
- Vibrio cholerae infection
- Salmonellosis
Rotavirus Infection
- Viral infection most harmful to infants, typically associated with waterborne transmission.
Giardia Infections
- Pathogenic protozoa transmitted zoonotically, frequently found in contaminated water.
Vibrio Cholerae Infection
- Bacteria responsible for contamination in sewage and drinking water, leading to severe gastrointestinal illness.
Airborne Transmission
- Involves microscopic particles that carry pathogens through the air, traveling more than 1 meter, especially during sneezing.
- Commonly associated with respiratory diseases:
- Tuberculosis
- Influenza
- Fungal lung infections
Tuberculosis
- A bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs, transmitted through airborne particles.
Influenza
- A viral infection that spreads rapidly, particularly through airborne means.
Foodborne Transmission
- Occurs when food is contaminated with pathogens or their toxins, causing gastrointestinal diseases.
- Pathogens include:
- Salmonella infections
- Staphylococcus food poisoning
- Hepatitis A
- Norovirus
Norovirus
- A viral infection often observed on cruise ships, associated with foodborne transmission.
Definition of Vehicle
- An inanimate object, such as air, food, or water, that can transmit infectious agents.
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Description
Explore the concept of vehicle transmission in disease spread through flashcards. Learn how non-living substances act to transport pathogens from hosts and identify common examples like air, water, and food. This quiz is essential for understanding disease transmission dynamics.
