Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who pioneered cross circulation as a means to connect a donor patient to a surgical patient to provide support and oxygenation during an open heart procedure?
Who pioneered cross circulation as a means to connect a donor patient to a surgical patient to provide support and oxygenation during an open heart procedure?
What was one of the major drawbacks to the use of a disc oxygenator versus a bubbler oxygenator?
What was one of the major drawbacks to the use of a disc oxygenator versus a bubbler oxygenator?
In what decade did total non-blood prime of CPB circuits start?
In what decade did total non-blood prime of CPB circuits start?
When was the first successful heart transplant performed, and by whom?
When was the first successful heart transplant performed, and by whom?
Signup and view all the answers
What decade was the first successful CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass with Graft) performed?
What decade was the first successful CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass with Graft) performed?
Signup and view all the answers
In what decade was blood cardioplegia introduced?
In what decade was blood cardioplegia introduced?
Signup and view all the answers
In what decade were microporous membrane oxygenators first used?
In what decade were microporous membrane oxygenators first used?
Signup and view all the answers
What doctor is responsible for a significant drop in mortality, using ECMO, to 20% during the 1980s?
What doctor is responsible for a significant drop in mortality, using ECMO, to 20% during the 1980s?
Signup and view all the answers
What advancements in the development of CPB occurred in the 1990s?
What advancements in the development of CPB occurred in the 1990s?
Signup and view all the answers
What advancements in the development of CPB occurred in the early 2000s?
What advancements in the development of CPB occurred in the early 2000s?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is responsible for the theory of circulation?
Who is responsible for the theory of circulation?
Signup and view all the answers
Who discovered the 3 different blood groups and when?
Who discovered the 3 different blood groups and when?
Signup and view all the answers
Who demonstrated that black blood could have air whipped through it to change its color to red?
Who demonstrated that black blood could have air whipped through it to change its color to red?
Signup and view all the answers
Who had the concept that bubbling air through black blood would provide oxygen to blood?
Who had the concept that bubbling air through black blood would provide oxygen to blood?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is credited with the discovery of Heparin?
Who is credited with the discovery of Heparin?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was the first to enter the chest with access to the heart by splitting the sternum?
Who was the first to enter the chest with access to the heart by splitting the sternum?
Signup and view all the answers
Who won the Nobel prize based on transplantation and perfusion research?
Who won the Nobel prize based on transplantation and perfusion research?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is responsible for the first heart catheterization, and who did he perform it on?
Who is responsible for the first heart catheterization, and who did he perform it on?
Signup and view all the answers
Who developed the first heart-lung machine, functioning with a rotating cylinder that oxygenated blood via film of blood spread over the cylinder with air current, and pump for circulation?
Who developed the first heart-lung machine, functioning with a rotating cylinder that oxygenated blood via film of blood spread over the cylinder with air current, and pump for circulation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which two people discovered that protamine neutralizes heparin?
Which two people discovered that protamine neutralizes heparin?
Signup and view all the answers
When was the first successful cardiopulmonary bypass performed, and who was the operating surgeon?
When was the first successful cardiopulmonary bypass performed, and who was the operating surgeon?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the surgical procedure performed?
What was the surgical procedure performed?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Cross Circulation
- Pioneer of cross circulation: Dr. John Gibbons connected a donor patient to a surgical patient for surgical support and oxygenation during open-heart procedures.
Oxygenators
- Major drawback of disc oxygenators: Less efficient gas exchange compared to bubbler oxygenators, leading to potential complications during procedures.
Total Non-Blood Prime of CPB Circuits
- Began in the 1990s, allowing for heart-lung procedures without using blood products.
Heart Transplant
- First successful heart transplant: Performed in 1967 by Dr. Christiaan Barnard.
CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft)
- First successful CABG performed in the 1960s, marking a significant advancement in cardiac surgery.
Blood Cardioplegia
- Introduced in the 1970s to improve myocardial preservation during surgery.
Microporous Membrane Oxygenators
- First used in the 1980s, revolutionizing oxygen delivery systems for patients during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
ECMO and Mortality Rates
- Dr. Robert Bartlett significantly reduced mortality rates to 20% in the 1980s using Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) techniques.
CPB Advancements in the 1990s
- Significant developments included improvements in oxygenators, biocompatibility, and monitoring systems enhancing safety and efficiency.
CPB Advancements in the Early 2000s
- Innovations included miniaturized circuits, reduced priming volumes, and enhanced patient management technologies.
Theory of Circulation
- William Harvey is credited with the theory of circulation, laying the foundation for modern cardiovascular medicine.
Discovery of Blood Groups
- Karl Landsteiner discovered three blood groups (A, B, O) in 1900, leading to major advancements in transfusion medicine.
Changing Blood Color
- Dr. Thomas Blatchford demonstrated that air could be whipped through black blood to change its color to red, showing the effects of oxygenation.
Bubbling Air for Oxygenation
- Concept of bubbling air through blood to improve oxygenation attributed to Dr. John Gibbons.
Discovery of Heparin
- Dr. Jay McLean is credited with the discovery of heparin as an anticoagulant agent.
Access to the Heart
- Dr. Daniel Hale Williams became the first to enter the chest and access the heart by splitting the sternum.
Nobel Prize in Transplantation
- Dr. Christiaan Barnard won the Nobel Prize for his contributions to transplantation and perfusion research.
First Heart Catheterization
- Dr. Werner Forssmann performed the first heart catheterization in 1929 on himself, pioneering the technique.
First Heart-Lung Machine
- Developed by Dr. Paul Zoll, featuring a rotating cylinder for oxygenation and circulation of blood.
Protamine and Heparin Neutralization
- Discovered by Dr. Herbert Luck and Dr. Paul H. C. Nagel, leading to safer surgical procedures by reversing heparin's effects.
First Successful CPB
- Conducted in 1953 by Dr. John Gibbons during a procedure to close an atrial septal defect.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on the history of perfusion and the development of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This quiz covers influential events, discoveries, and individuals who contributed to the development and use of CPB. From the 1950s to modern times, explore the major developments in oxygenator technology and the conduct of CPB.
