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Questions and Answers
Which category includes hazards caused by the movement of water?
Which category includes hazards caused by the movement of water?
What defines a disaster?
What defines a disaster?
Which factor considers the number of people living in an area?
Which factor considers the number of people living in an area?
Which of the following is an example of an anthropogenic hazard?
Which of the following is an example of an anthropogenic hazard?
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What type of natural hazards are characterized by phenomena like typhoons and storms?
What type of natural hazards are characterized by phenomena like typhoons and storms?
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Which characteristic pertains to how often a hazard occurs?
Which characteristic pertains to how often a hazard occurs?
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What is an example of a biological hazard?
What is an example of a biological hazard?
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What aspect of a hazard does 'speed of onset' refer to?
What aspect of a hazard does 'speed of onset' refer to?
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What is the primary characteristic of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
What is the primary characteristic of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
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Which statement accurately reflects the occurrence of natural hazards in the Philippines from 2009 to 2022?
Which statement accurately reflects the occurrence of natural hazards in the Philippines from 2009 to 2022?
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What are the main components involved in the systematic process to improve coping capacities against hazards?
What are the main components involved in the systematic process to improve coping capacities against hazards?
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What percentage of Earth's volcanoes are located along the Pacific Ring of Fire?
What percentage of Earth's volcanoes are located along the Pacific Ring of Fire?
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Which of the following best describes the primary goals of disaster risk management strategies?
Which of the following best describes the primary goals of disaster risk management strategies?
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What transforms a natural hazard into a disaster?
What transforms a natural hazard into a disaster?
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Which of the following events are categorized as water-induced disasters?
Which of the following events are categorized as water-induced disasters?
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What is the definition of vulnerability in the context of disasters?
What is the definition of vulnerability in the context of disasters?
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Which of the following factors contributes to the risk of disasters?
Which of the following factors contributes to the risk of disasters?
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How is a glacial lake outburst flood primarily caused?
How is a glacial lake outburst flood primarily caused?
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What is a significant misconception about the term 'natural disaster'?
What is a significant misconception about the term 'natural disaster'?
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Which of the following best defines risk?
Which of the following best defines risk?
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What are common elements that determine vulnerability?
What are common elements that determine vulnerability?
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What is a primary consideration in vulnerability analysis?
What is a primary consideration in vulnerability analysis?
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Which of the following is a social factor affecting vulnerability?
Which of the following is a social factor affecting vulnerability?
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Which of the following best describes 'exposure' in the context of hazards?
Which of the following best describes 'exposure' in the context of hazards?
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What can be a result of reducing vulnerability?
What can be a result of reducing vulnerability?
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What might cause vulnerability in economic terms?
What might cause vulnerability in economic terms?
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Which factor does NOT contribute to vulnerability?
Which factor does NOT contribute to vulnerability?
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How do levels of vulnerability and exposure interact?
How do levels of vulnerability and exposure interact?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding exposure and vulnerability?
Which of the following statements is true regarding exposure and vulnerability?
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What is the impact of higher population density on individuals in a disaster scenario?
What is the impact of higher population density on individuals in a disaster scenario?
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Which demographic group is considered more vulnerable during disasters?
Which demographic group is considered more vulnerable during disasters?
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How does literacy relate to disaster risk management?
How does literacy relate to disaster risk management?
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What role does employment status play in disaster risk management?
What role does employment status play in disaster risk management?
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Why is place of residence important in the context of disaster risk?
Why is place of residence important in the context of disaster risk?
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How does infrastructure status influence disaster management?
How does infrastructure status influence disaster management?
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What effect does population growth or low income have on disaster risk?
What effect does population growth or low income have on disaster risk?
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Which statement about disaster risk and income level is accurate?
Which statement about disaster risk and income level is accurate?
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Study Notes
Geophysical Hazards
- Volcanoes
- Earthquakes
- Mudflow
- Surface collapse
- Landslides
- Rockslides
Hydrological Hazards
- Mudslide
- Flooding
- Inundation
- Tsunamis
Meteorological Hazards
- Storms
- Hurricanes
- Cyclones
- Typhoon
- Storm Surge
- Excessive Rain
Climatological Hazards
- Drought
- Extreme Temperature
- Heat/Cold waves
- El Nino/La Nina
- La Nina
Biological Hazards
- Bacteria
- Viruses
- Venomous wildlife
- Poisonous plants
- Plants/insects carrying disease causing agents
Anthropogenic Hazards
- Household Fire
- Maritime accident
- Plane crash
- Land accident
- Industrial accident
- Pollution
- Civil disturbance
- Terrorism
- Armed Conflict
Factors Affecting Vulnerability
- Geographic Location/Spatial
- Population Density
- Level of Development
- Temporal
- Education of the community
Characteristics of Disasters
- Frequency of Occurrence
- Intensity/Magnitude
- Speed of onset
- Duration
- The area they cover
Disaster
- A serious disruption in the functioning of a community or society
- Caused by hazardous events interacting with conditions of exposure, vulnerability and capacity
- Results in human, material, economic, and environmental losses and impacts
Water-Induced Disasters
- Floods
- Avalanche
- Landslides
- Debris flow
- Glacial lake outburst floods
- Drought
Disaster vs. Natural Hazards
- There is no such thing as a natural disaster, but disasters often follow natural hazards.
- A natural hazard becomes a disaster when it combines with exposure and vulnerability to cause loss of life, injury to people, and economic loss.
Risk
- Potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets in a system/community
- Combination of the severity and frequency of a hazard, the numbers of people and assets exposed to the hazard, and their vulnerability.
Vulnerability
- Determined by physical, social, economic, and environmental factors
- Results from the range of economic, social, cultural, institutional, political and psychological factors that shape people’s lives and the environment
- Requires understanding the root causes or drivers of vulnerability
Factors Affecting Vulnerability
- Poor design and construction of buildings, unregulated land use planning (Physical Factors)
- Poverty and inequality, marginalization, social exclusion, discrimination based on gender, social status, disability, age, and psychological factors (Social factors)
- Uninsured informal sector, vulnerable rural livelihoods, dependence on single industries, globalization (Economic factors)
- Poor environmental management, overconsumption of natural resources, decline of risk regulation ecosystem services, climate change (Environmental factors)
Exposure
- The situation of people, infrastructure, housing, production capacities, and other tangible human assets located in hazard-prone areas.
Philippine Disaster Risk Profile
- The Philippines ranks high in global disaster risk.
- Factors include exposure to hazards, occurrence and magnitude of events, and vulnerabilities across physical, social, and economic spheres .
The Pacific Ring of Fire
- Path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes
- Majority of Earth’s volcanoes and earthquakes take place along the Ring of Fire
- 75% of Earth’s volcanoes (more than 450) are located along the Ring of Fire
- 90% of Earth’s earthquakes occur along its path, including the planet’s most violent and dramatic seismic events.
Pacific Typhoon Belt
- The Philippines is located within the Pacific Typhoon Belt and is frequently impacted by Typhoons.
Climate Change Effects
- Climate change is exacerbating the frequency and intensity of natural disasters in the Philippines.
- Increased risk to coastal communities from sea-level rise and storm surge
- More frequent and intense droughts
- Increased risk of landslides and floods
Factors Affecting Social Vulnerability
-
Population Density / Demographic Characteristics
- Higher population density increases the risk of injury and vulnerability
- Population growth and low income lead to higher vulnerability
- Vulnerable groups (children and elderly) are more susceptible to disasters.
-
Literacy and Illiteracy
- Literacy is crucial for obtaining information on disaster prevention and reduction strategies
- Illiteracy can hinder access to information and effective coping mechanisms
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Employment and Unemployment
- High income earners have better resources to reduce disaster risk through engineering and resistant materials
- High income can facilitate moving to low-risk areas
- Unemployment and low income increase vulnerability
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Place of Residence and its Quality
- Location and quality of housing impact exposure to hazards
- Access to essential services after a disaster is important
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Infrastructure Status
- The presence or absence of adequate infrastructure affects social vulnerability, preparedness, and disaster response.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various types of hazards including geophysical, hydrological, meteorological, climatological, biological, and anthropogenic hazards. This quiz also covers factors affecting vulnerability and characteristics of disasters. See how well you can identify and assess the risks associated with these hazards.
