Disaccharides: Types, Characteristics, and Functions

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<p>Glucose and fructose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are broken down into their constituent monosaccharides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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A type of carbohydrate composed of two simpler sugars (monosaccharides) linked together through a glycosidic bond.

Sucrose (Table Sugar)
- Composed of glucose and fructose molecules
- Found naturally in many plants, especially sugarcane and sugar beets
Lactose (Milk Sugar)
- Composed of glucose and galactose molecules
- Found in milk and dairy products
Maltose
- Composed of two glucose molecules
- Formed during the breakdown of starch, especially in germinating seeds

Generally, disaccharides are:
- White, crystalline solids
- Sweet-tasting
- Soluble in water
- Can be hydrolyzed to form their constituent monosaccharides

Disaccharides play important roles in:
- Energy storage and transport in plants
- Providing energy for various cellular processes
- Serving as building blocks for more complex carbohydrates