Disability Overview and Impairment

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Questions and Answers

What does the limitation of an activity refer to?

The execution of a task

The effect of life on participation

The inability to perform a task (correct)

The involvement in a situation

Which of the following symptoms is a sign of intellectual disability?

Delay in motor and language skills (correct)

Ability to live independently

Sophisticated problem-solving skills

Advanced communication skills

What are the three areas of adaptive functioning?

Communication, personal care, job responsibilities

Problem-solving, academic skills, language

Reading, writing, social interactions

Conceptual, social, practical (correct)

Who is more likely to be diagnosed with intellectual disability?

Males Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by participation in the context of disabilities?

Involvement in a situation, regardless of performance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the intellectual function affected by intellectual disability?

Problem-solving, learning, and judgment Signup and view all the answers

What approach should be taken for a blind patient?

Guide them using their good eye Signup and view all the answers

How should caregivers communicate with mute or aphasia patients?

Use pen and paper or American Sign Language Signup and view all the answers

What are the three dimensions of disability?

Impairment, activity limitations, and participation restrictions Signup and view all the answers

How does impairment differ from activity limitation?

Impairment is related to structural or functional issues, while activity limitation affects task execution. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of structural impairment?

Amputation of a limb Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a person experiences participation restrictions?

Their ability to engage in daily activities is diminished. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately defines activity in the context of disability?

Activity is the execution of a task or action. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of impairment mentioned?

Structural and functional Signup and view all the answers

Why might two individuals with the same disability experience it differently?

The severity of their condition might vary even if it is the same type of disability. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an activity limitation?

Inability to maintain a conversation due to hearing loss Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Disability Overview

Disabilities can be hidden or visible.
They can affect individuals differently, even if the disability is the same.
Disabilities can affect people across three dimensions:
- Impairment: Problems with physical or mental structure (e.g., amnesia, blindness).
- Activity limitations: Difficulty with tasks such as seeing, hearing, walking, or problem-solving.
- Participation restrictions: Difficulty engaging in social activities or work.
Disabilities can present at birth or develop later in life.
Two people with the same disability can experience it differently in their daily lives.
Disability is a condition of the mind or body which limits a person's ability to do certain activities.

Impairment

Impairment is a problem with a person's body structure or mental function.
Structural impairment is a problem with an external part of the body (e.g., amputation).
Functional impairment is a problem with the internal components of the body, such as blindness or paralysis, indicating a complete loss of function.

Activities vs. Participation

Activity is the actual performance of a task.
Activity limitations occur when someone cannot perform a task.
Participation is how involved a person is in life situations.
Participation restrictions stem from restrictions on a person's quality of life.

Intellectual Disability

Intellectual disability affects learning, problem-solving, and judgment.
Adaptive functioning involves communication and independent living skills.
Males are more likely to be diagnosed with intellectual disability.
Symptoms often begin with delays in motor and language skills.
Adaptive functioning is comprised of three areas: conceptual (reading, writing, math), social (communication skills), and practical skills (personal care and job responsibilities)

Patient-Centered Care

For blind patients, use visual assistive devices.
For deaf patients, speak into their good ear; sign language may be helpful.
Encourage exercise for patients with movement restrictions.
Use reality orientation and visual cues for patients with memory problems.
For mute/aphasia patients, use a pen and paper method or sign language (ASL).
Communicate using simple, easy-to-understand language for patients with learning disabilities.

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Description

This quiz explores the various dimensions of disabilities, including impairment, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. It highlights the differences in how individuals experience the same disability and the impact it has on their daily lives. Gain insights into hidden and visible disabilities and their implications.