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Understanding Physical Disability and Types of Disabilities
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Understanding Physical Disability and Types of Disabilities

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of psychological interventions for burn patients?

  • Increasing social support
  • Improving sleep quality
  • Reducing psychological morbidities (correct)
  • Reducing physical pain

    • Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for managing psychological distress in burn patients?

  • Seeking emotional support from professionals and other survivors
  • Avoiding tobacco, illicit drugs, and excessive alcohol use
  • Getting sufficient sleep and eating healthy foods
  • Increasing physical activity and exercise (correct)

    • What is the definition of developmental disabilities (DD) according to the text?

  • Conditions that primarily affect language and social skills
  • Disorders that are increasing in prevalence over time
  • Severe chronic conditions due to mental and/or physical impairments (correct)
  • Conditions that primarily affect learning and independent living

    • Which of the following is NOT a common developmental disability mentioned in the text?

    <p>Schizophrenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend in the prevalence of developmental disabilities according to the text?

    <p>Increasing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common psychological morbidity experienced by burn patients?

    <p>Obsessive-compulsive disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the medications mentioned in the text for burn patients?

    <p>To manage psychological symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of intellectual or developmental disabilities?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a learning disability impact a person's ability to learn?

    <p>Both b and c</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the dermis layer of the skin?

    <p>Both a and b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important factor in considering the severity of a burn injury?

    <p>The depth or thickness of the injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the outermost layer of the skin?

    <p>Epidermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a cause of intellectual or developmental disabilities?

    <p>Aging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the elastic fibers in the dermis layer of the skin?

    <p>To allow the skin to tolerate pressure and shearing forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of developmental disabilities mentioned in the text?

    <p>Genetic or chromosome abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does a child typically start making sounds like 'mama' and 'dada'?

    <p>9 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following developmental milestones is typically achieved by a child at 18 months?

    <p>Speaking and understanding several words, eating with a spoon, walking, and walking up and down stairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a common cause of developmental disabilities mentioned in the text?

    <p>Lack of exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following developmental milestones is typically achieved by a child at 6 months?

    <p>Playing with others, sitting without support, and rolling over</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following developmental disabilities is not mentioned in the text?

    <p>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical developmental milestone for a child at 1 year of age?

    <p>Playing peekaboo and following simple directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of disability according to the text?

    <p>A condition that makes it difficult to perform certain activities and interact with the world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the World Health Organization, disability has how many dimensions?

    <p>Three dimensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a type of disability in the text?

    <p>Smelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are participation restrictions related to disability?

    <p>Engaging in social activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an area mentioned as being affected by disability?

    <p>Financial status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of limitation refers to difficulty seeing or hearing according to the text?

    <p>Activity limitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Remembering' is mentioned as a type of disability that affects which aspect according to the text?

    <p>Thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Leo Kanner describe as 'early infantile autism'?

    <p>A group of 11 children with similar specific symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely reason for the increasing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

    <p>Increased awareness and overdiagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is characteristic of a person with autism according to the text?

    <p>Different way of thinking involving a neurological difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) a neurobiological disorder according to the text?

    <p>Influenced by genetic and environmental factors affecting brain development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are combined clinician observation and caregiver reports considered more reliable for diagnosing ASD?

    <p>They provide a more comprehensive view of the individual's behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of childhood psychopathology did Leo Kanner specifically focus on in his description of 'early infantile autism'?

    <p>Specific symptoms different from other childhood behavior disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor could potentially explain the reported increase in prevalence of ASD?

    <p>Overinclusive diagnostic criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) change in an individual according to the text?

    <p>'The way a person relates to their environment and people around them'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key elements that contribute to the neurobiological nature of ASD?

    <p>Both genetic and environmental factors affecting brain development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are diagnoses based on combined clinician observation and caregiver reports considered more reliable?

    <p>They offer different perspectives which enhance accuracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Disability

    • A disability is any condition of the body or mind that makes it difficult for a person to do certain activities and interact with the world around them.
    • Can affect a person's vision, movement, communication, thinking, hearing, remembering, mental health, and social relationships.
    • Disability has three dimensions: activity limitation, participation restrictions, and interaction with the environment.

    Types of Disabilities

    • Vision impairment
    • Movement impairment
    • Communication impairment
    • Cognitive impairment
    • Hearing impairment
    • Mental health impairment
    • Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) / dyspraxia
    • Auditory processing disorder
    • Blindness
    • Cerebral palsy
    • Moderate to profound hearing loss
    • Seizures

    Causes of Disability

    • Genetic or chromosome abnormalities (e.g. Down syndrome)
    • Prenatal exposure to substances (e.g. fetal alcohol spectrum disorders)
    • Certain infections in pregnancy
    • Preterm birth

    Developmental Milestones

    • Birth to 4 months: smiling, bringing hands to mouth
    • 6 months: playing with others, sitting without support, rolling over
    • 9 months: making sounds like "mama" and "dada", understanding the word "no", crawling, and pulling to a stand
    • 1 year: playing peekaboo, following simple directions, and walking while holding on to furniture
    • 18 months: speaking and understanding several words, eating with a spoon, walking, and walking up and down stairs
    • 2 to 3 years: recognizing labels and colors, naming pictures of common objects, getting dressed and undressed, and walking and running easily

    Treatment and Interventions

    • Seek emotional support from professionals and other survivors
    • Get sufficient sleep and eat healthy foods
    • Avoid tobacco, illicit drugs, and excessive use of alcohol
    • Medications for depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances

    Developmental Disabilities

    • A diverse group of severe chronic conditions due to mental and/or physical impairments
    • People with developmental disabilities have problems with major life activities such as language, mobility, learning, self-help, and independent living
    • Prevalence of developmental disabilities is increasing
    • Examples of developmental disabilities include:
      • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
      • Autism
      • Intellectual disability
      • Learning difficulties

    Learning Disabilities

    • A specific and persistent disorder of a person's central nervous system affecting the learning process
    • Impacts a person's ability to either interpret what they see and hear, or to link information from different parts of the brain
    • Can be compensated for or circumvented through strategies

    Burn Injuries

    • The skin is the largest organ of the body and the most frequently injured structure in burns
    • The depth or thickness of the injury is considered very important

    Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

    • A neurobiological disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors affecting the developing brain
    • Characterized by a different way of thinking involving a neurological developmental difference
    • Prevalence is reported to be 1 in 68
    • Diagnosis is based on combined clinician observation and caregiver reports

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    Related Documents

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    Description

    Learn about physical disability and different types of disabilities that can affect a person's vision, movement, communication, thinking, hearing, mental health, learning, and social relationships. Explore how disabilities can impact activities and interaction with the world.

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