Direct Reversal DNA Repair Mechanism Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which enzyme is involved in direct reversal of pyrimidine dimers formation?

  • Photolytic enzyme
  • Photoreactivating polymerase
  • Photoreactivating enzyme
  • Photolyase (correct)
  • What is the main consequence of UV light-induced formation of pyrimidine dimers on DNA structure?

  • Enhanced transcription
  • Increased stability
  • Distorted DNA chain structure (correct)
  • No impact on DNA structure
  • Which repair mechanism occurs without the need for a template?

  • Nucleotide excision repair
  • Mismatch repair
  • Base excision repair
  • Direct reversal repair (correct)
  • Which chemical process can be reverted by photoreactivation through utilization of light energy?

    <p>Methylation of guanine bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for restoring the original guanine base by transferring the methylation product in the direct reversal repair mechanism?

    <p>Methyl guanine methyl transferase (MGMT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of direct reversal repair does not occur in humans?

    <p>Photoreactivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the enzyme once the alkyl group is transferred to it?

    <p>It becomes inactivated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of repair mechanism involves the recognition and removal of a single damaged base?

    <p>Base Excision Repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of repair mechanism is used to repair the formation of pyrimidine dimers from UV light within humans?

    <p>Nucleotide Excision Repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for removing the damaged base forming an AP site in Base Excision Repair?

    <p>Glycosylases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general mechanism by which repairs are made when one of the double helix strands is damaged?

    <p>Excision Repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which repair mechanism recognizes multiple damaged bases and cleaves them on both sides before resynthesis?

    <p>Nucleotide Excision Repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which repair mechanism involves the incorporation of mismatched bases into the DNA strand during replication?

    <p>Mismatch Repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism for repairing damage to both DNA strands?

    <p>Homologous Recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which repair mechanism connects the break ends without a homologous template?

    <p>Classical Nonhomologous End Joining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen through homologous recombination that is prevented by Classical Nonhomologous End Joining?

    <p>Chromosomal translocations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which repair mechanism is prone to error but protects genome integrity?

    <p>Classical Nonhomologous End Joining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can alternative repair mechanisms like Single Strand Annealing lead to?

    <p>Loss of genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

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