Diphtheria Pathogenesis
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Questions and Answers

What is the typical incubation period for respiratory diphtheria?

2-5 days

What is the molecular weight of the diphtheria toxin?

62,000 kDa

What is the local effect of the diphtheria toxin on the respiratory epithelium?

Destruction of the respiratory epithelium with a subsequent inflammatory response

What is the result of the systemic absorption of the diphtheria toxin?

<p>Fatty changes and focal necrosis of the myocardium and other organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long may certain chronic carriers shed C. diphtheriae without antibiotic therapy?

<p>More than 6 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of the diphtheria toxin on cells?

<p>Catalyzes the transfer of ADP-ribosylation of the elongation factor-2, leading to inhibition of EF-2 and arrested protein translation and synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of colonization of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in respiratory diphtheria?

<p>The mucous membrane of the respiratory tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the beta-prophage gene (tox) in toxigenic strains of C. diphtheriae?

<p>It encodes for the exotoxin diphtheria toxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic finding in tonsillar and pharyngeal diphtheria?

<p>A grayish-white pseudomembrane over the posterior pharyngeal wall and/or tonsils</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of cervical lymphadenopathy and swelling of the soft tissue of the neck in respiratory diphtheria?

<p>Airway obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a systemic feature of diphtheria due to dissemination of toxin?

<p>Myocarditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a rare complication of diphtheria?

<p>Endocarditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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