Digestive System: Esophagus and Stomach (2nd Class, Dentistry)

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What is the primary function of the lamina propria layer in the mucosa?

To regulate the movement of food through the digestive tract

To provide vascularisation and lymphoid drainage to the epithelium (correct)

To provide mechanical support to the epithelium

To produce mucous and other digestive enzymes

Which layer of the mucosa is responsible for local peristalsis and catastalsis of the tract?

Muscularis mucosae (correct)

Muscularis externa

Lamina propria

Epithelium

What type of muscle is found in the muscularis externa?

Cardiac muscle

Smooth muscle (correct)

Skeletal muscle

striated muscle

What is the function of the submucosa?

To anchor the mucosa to the muscularis externa Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the mucosa contains mucous-secreting glands?

Submucosa Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

To transport and digest ingested food and absorb nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What is the inner layer of the muscularis externa composed of?

Circularly oriented smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is NOT part of the gastrointestinal tract?

Salivary glands Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the muscularis externa in the stomach?

It has a third obliquely arranged layer of smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract?

Serosa (or Adventitia) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the epithelium?

To absorb and secrete nutrients and substances Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mucosa in the gastrointestinal tract?

To secrete digestive enzymes and mucin Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lymphatic tissue in the mucosa?

To provide immunologic protection Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the layer of smooth muscle cells in the stomach?

Oblique layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the tube that extends from the esophagus to the anal canal?

Gastrointestinal tract Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the partially digested food in the gastrointestinal tract?

Chyme Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the contraction of the smooth muscle layer in the gastrointestinal tract?

To cause peristalsis Signup and view all the answers

Why is the smooth muscle layer thicker in the large intestine?

Because it requires more force to propel faecal matter Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?

To allow for the controlled release of chyme into the small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between serosa and adventitia?

Serosa covers intraperitoneal structures, while adventitia covers retroperitoneal structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate length of the esophagus?

25 cm Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the lumen of the esophagus when a bolus of food passes through it?

It expands without mucosal injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the longitudinal folds in the esophagus?

To allow for the expansion of the lumen when food passes through Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the esophagus as it enters the abdominal cavity?

It is free for a short distance Signup and view all the answers