Digestive System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Match the following structures with their locations in the human digestive system:

Vestibule = The space between the cheeks and the teeth Buccal cavity = The space between the upper jaw and lower jaw Mouth = It is bordered by the upper lip and lower lip Pharynx = The space present between the nose and the oesophagus

Match the following glands with their location in the human digestive system:

Salivary glands = Open into the buccal cavity Gastric glands = Embedded in the walls of the stomach Intestinal glands = Embedded in the walls of the intestine Liver = Placed outside the wall of the alimentary canal

Match the following types of dentition with their characteristics:

Thecodont dentition = Teeth are fixed in jaw bones Heterodont dentition = Teeth are of different shapes and sizes Diphyodont dentition = Two sets of teeth appear in the lifetime of mammals Homodont dentition = Teeth are of the same shape and size

Match the following structures with their functions in the human digestive system:

Uvula = Prevents the entry of food into the nasal chamber Tongue = Mixes food with saliva Soft palate = Separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity Teeth = Breaks down food into smaller pieces Signup and view all the answers

Match the following structures with their origins:

Teeth = Ecto-mesodermal origin Salivary glands = Endodermal origin Tongue = Mesodermal origin Buccal cavity = Ectodermal origin Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of teeth with their numbers in humans:

Incisors = 8 Canines = 4 Premolars = 8 Molars = 12 Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of papillae on the tongue with their characteristics:

Filiform papillae = Most abundant papillae present on dorsal surface without taste buds Fungiform papillae = Appear as red dots and contain taste buds Vallate papillae = Largest papillae and contain taste buds Foliate papillae = Reduced papillae present on posterior-lateral sides Signup and view all the answers

Match the part of the tooth with its function:

Crown = Visible part of the tooth Root = Embedded in jaw socket Neck = Junction between crown and root Pulp cavity = Filled with pulp, nerves, blood vessels, and odontoblasts Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of teeth with their characteristics:

Incisors = Cutting teeth Canines = Piercing teeth Premolars = Crushing teeth Molars = Grinding teeth Signup and view all the answers

Match the part of the oral cavity with its function:

Alveolus = Jaw socket that holds the tooth root Periodontal membrane = Lined by cementum, connecting tooth root to alveolus Buccal cavity = Part of the mouth that receives food Nasopharynx = Receives internal nostrils and leads to oropharynx Signup and view all the answers

Match the taste with the corresponding location on the tongue:

Sweet = Tip of the tongue Salt = Sides of the tongue Bitter = Back of the tongue Umami = Back of the tongue Signup and view all the answers

Match the part of the pharynx with its characteristic:

Nasopharynx = Middle part of the pharynx that receives internal nostrils Oropharynx = Lower part of the pharynx that leads to laryngopharynx Laryngopharynx = Part of the pharynx that leads to the esophagus Glottis = Orifice that leads to the trachea Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Digestion and Absorption

Digestion begins with the mouth and ends with the anus
The alimentary canal includes the mouth, buccal cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus
Salivary glands, liver, and pancreas are located outside the alimentary canal
Gastric glands and intestinal glands are embedded in the walls of the stomach and intestine

Mouth and Buccal Cavity

The mouth is bordered by the upper and lower lips and opens into the vestibule
The vestibule is the space between the cheeks and teeth
The buccal cavity is the space between the upper jaw and lower jaw
The soft palate hangs down as a finger-like uvula, preventing food from entering the nasal chamber
Teeth and tongue are structures inside the buccal cavity
Salivary glands open into the buccal cavity

Teeth

Humans have heterodont dentition, with four types of teeth: incisors, canines, premolars, and molars
The dental formula for permanent teeth in adults is: I 2/2, C 1/1, P 2/2, M 3/3 = 32
The dental formula for teenagers is: I 2/2, C 1/1, P 2/2, M 2/2 = 28
Milk dentition consists of 20 teeth, including incisors, canines, and molars, but no premolars
Milk teeth are replaced by permanent teeth in a process called diphyodont

Structure of the Tooth

A tooth consists of a visible crown, embedded root, and neck
Dentine is secreted by odontoblast cells and forms the main structure of the tooth
The crown is covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the body, secreted by ameloblast cells
A pulp cavity is present inside the tooth, containing pulp (nerves, blood vessels, and odontoblasts)
The root canal is the cavity inside the root

Jaw Socket and Tooth Root

The jaw socket is called the alveolus
The tooth root is fixed in the alveolus, which is lined by a periodontal membrane
Cementum, a bony substance, fills the gap between the tooth root and periodontal membrane

Tongue

The tongue is a muscular sense organ, connected to the buccal floor by a frenulum
The tongue has an inverted 'V' shaped furrow, the sulcus marginalis, which divides it into oral and pharyngeal parts
Oral tongue has four types of papillae: filiform, fungiform, vallate, and foliate papillae
Taste buds detect sweet, salt, sour, and umami tastes on the tongue

Pharynx

The nasopharynx is the upper part of the pharynx and receives internal nostrils
The oropharynx is the middle part of the pharynx and connects to the laryngopharynx
The laryngopharynx is the lower part of the pharynx and leads to the trachea through the glottis