Digestion and Absorption: Gastrointestinal Process Quiz

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What is the main focus of the unit on digestion and absorption?

Discussing the utilization of nutrients in body cells

Breaking down nutrients into simpler forms for absorption and utilization (correct)

Identifying different parts of the gastrointestinal tract

Exploring the features of the mouth, throat, and stomach

Which part of the body is primarily responsible for the digestion of complex food substances?

Kidneys

Gastrointestinal tract (correct)

Liver

Lungs

What is the function of enzymes in the digestion process?

Transporting nutrients to body cells

Providing structure to the gastrointestinal tract

Regulating body temperature

Breaking down nutrients into simpler forms (correct)

Where does digestion of food mainly occur in the body?

Mouth, stomach, and small intestine Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is involved in the digestion of fats and oils?

Small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of absorption in the context of digestion and absorption?

To transfer broken-down nutrients to body cells for utilization Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the stomach in the digestive process?

Serve mainly as a reserver of food Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nutrient tends to stay longer in the stomach?

Fats and oils Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for stimulating the secretion of gastric juice in the stomach?

Gastrin Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is activated in the stomach due to the favorable pH provided by hydrochloric acid?

Pepsin Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical pH range of the contents in the stomach?

1.5 - 4.0 Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the mechanical mixing of gastric juice with food in the stomach?

Muscular contraction Signup and view all the answers

Where does the absorption of short-chain fatty acids take place?

Endoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamins enhance the absorption of iron?

Vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

What process involves detaching the amino group containing nitrogen from amino acids?

Deamination Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the liver in controlling human plasma protein?

Demand for amino acids Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrients are used for the synthesis of non-essential amino acids, enzymes, and hormones?

Amino acids Signup and view all the answers

Where are cations and anions absorbed from?

Small intestinal mucosa Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pepsin in the gastric juice?

Breaking down protein into proteoses and peptones Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for converting caseins to paracasein?

Renin Signup and view all the answers

How does mucin in gastric juice protect the stomach wall?

By adhering to the stomach lining and keeping pepsin away Signup and view all the answers

Which component of pancreatic juice is responsible for breaking down protein into polypeptides?

Trypsin Signup and view all the answers

What effect does chemotrypsin have on polypeptides?

Breaks specific linkages in the polypeptide bond to amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of lipase in digestion?

Breaking down fats into fatty acids and glycerol Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for reducing starches to dextrin and maltose in the mouth?

Ptyalin Signup and view all the answers

Where does the digestion of protein and fats commence?

Stomach Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the break down of peptides into amino acids?

Chymotrypsin Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme splits off amino acids from peptides having free carboxyl group ends?

Lipase Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for converting fat into fatty acids and glycerol?