Differentiation of Fungal Skin Infections and Skin Disorders
120 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a common characteristic of the location of fungal skin infections?

  • They occur on areas of the body exposed to the environment
  • They occur on areas of the body where excess moisture accumulates (correct)
  • They occur on areas of the body with low immune function
  • They occur on areas of the body with poor circulation

    • What is a common symptom of fungal skin infections?

  • Itching and pain (correct)
  • Burning sensation with no itching
  • Cooling sensation with no pain
  • Numbness and tingling

    • What is a characteristic of the signs of fungal skin infections?

  • Raised wheals with no redness or swelling
  • Painless ulcers with no redness or swelling
  • Dry, scaly skin with no inflammation
  • Acute vesicular rash with fine scaling and inflammation (correct)

    • What is a treatment option for fungal skin infections?

    <p>Nonprescription astringents and antifungals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor in preventing fungal skin infections?

    <p>Practicing good personal hygiene and keeping the area clean and dry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of tinea pedis?

    <p>It has four accepted clinical variants that may overlap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of fungal skin infections?

    <p>Superficial fungal infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a modifying factor in treating fungal skin infections?

    <p>Practicing nondrug measures to keep the area clean and dry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be used to manage fungal skin infections with few or no side effects?

    <p>Oil of Bitter Orange, Tea Tree Oil, and Garlic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it recommended to dry the affected area last when using a towel?

    <p>To prevent spreading the infection to other parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to contaminated towels and clothing to prevent the spread of infection?

    <p>Launder them in hot water and dry them on a hot dryer setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it recommended to wear protective footwear in areas of family or public use?

    <p>To reduce the risk of fungal infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with shoes to prevent the spread of fungal infection?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if irritation, sensitization, or worsening of the skin condition occurs when using an antifungal?

    <p>Discontinue the use of the antifungal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fabrics should be avoided to prevent fungal infection?

    <p>Wool and synthetic fabrics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea pedis be treated with?

    <p>Nonprescription drugs only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of tinea unguium if left untreated?

    <p>Nail becomes thick, rough, yellow, opaque, and friable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of tinea corporis?

    <p>Pruritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a prevention method for tinea pedis?

    <p>Drying the feet thoroughly, especially between the toes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the lesions in tinea corporis?

    <p>They spread peripherally and may contain vesicles or pustules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can occur in the interspace of tinea pedis if left untreated?

    <p>An extremely painful, erosive, purulent area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common location for tinea pedis?

    <p>The interdigital space between the fourth and fifth digits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacteria can grow in the subungual debris of tinea unguium?

    <p>Opportunistic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a clue to the type of infecting dermatophyte in tinea corporis?

    <p>The location of the infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea capitis is a type of fungal skin infection characterized by a lower degree of pruritus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The black dot variety of tinea capitis is characterized by a patchy area of hair loss and scutula.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pityriasis versicolor is a type of fungal skin infection that often appears on the face and distal extremities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The favus variant of tinea capitis typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea versicolor is caused by a type of bacteria.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Heat and humidity can reduce the expression of tinea versicolor.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Topical treatment is usually inadequate for treating tinea versicolor.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If left untreated, tinea capitis can lead to temporary hair loss.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea cruris often spares the penis and scrotum.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea capitis is characterized by weeping lesions whose exudate forms thick crusts on the scalp.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In tinea cruris, the central area of the lesions is more erythematous than the margins.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hairs in non-inflammatory tinea capitis are typically shiny and long.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea cruris is more common in females.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inflammatory tinea capitis produces little scaling of the scalp.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fine scaling is usually absent in tinea cruris.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pain is a rare symptom in tinea cruris.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fungal skin infections can affect any area of the body not exposed to excess moisture.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Contact dermatitis can cause cracks and fissures in the affected skin.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bacterial skin infections can cause a variety of lesions, including macules, pustules, and ulcers.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea pedis has only two accepted variants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fungal skin infections can spread to multiple regions of the body.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Contact dermatitis is typically caused by superficial bacterial infection.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea pedis is a type of fungal skin infection that affects the scalp.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fungal skin infections can be treated with prescription antibiotics.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the lesions in Pityriasis versicolor?

    <p>Patchy area of skin discoloration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the black dot variety of Tinea capitis?

    <p>Patchy area of hair loss and scutula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of Tinea capitis if left untreated?

    <p>Temporary hair loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the Favus variant of Tinea capitis?

    <p>A single large patch of hair loss and scutula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of Tinea versicolor?

    <p>Fungal infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of heat and humidity on Tinea versicolor?

    <p>Reduces the expression of Tinea versicolor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Tinea capitis?

    <p>Lower degree of pruritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effectiveness of topical treatment for Tinea versicolor?

    <p>Inadequate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinctive characteristic of the lesions in tinea cruris?

    <p>The lesions have well-demarcated margins that are elevated slightly and are more erythematous than the central area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of hairs in non-inflammatory tinea capitis?

    <p>The hairs are a dull gray color and usually break off above the scalp level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between inflammatory and non-inflammatory tinea capitis?

    <p>Inflammatory tinea capitis produces a spectrum of inflammation, ranging from pustules to kerion formation, while non-inflammatory tinea capitis presents with little inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of kerions in tinea capitis?

    <p>Kerions are weeping lesions whose exudate forms thick crusts on the scalp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of tinea cruris that distinguishes it from candidiasis?

    <p>Tinea cruris usually spares the penis and scrotum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of pityriasis versicolor?

    <p>It is a type of fungal skin infection that often appears on the face and distal extremities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the black dot variety of tinea capitis?

    <p>It is characterized by a patchy area of hair loss and scutula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the favus variant of tinea capitis?

    <p>It typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic appearance of the black dot variety of tinea capitis?

    <p>Infected areas of the scalp with black dots on the scalp surface, caused by hairs breaking off at the level of the scalp due to the location of arthrospores on the hair shaft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical presentation of pityriasis versicolor?

    <p>Hyper- and hypopigmented scaly patches, appearing as oval scaly macules, papules, and patches, concentrated on the chest, shoulders, and back.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual treatment for pityriasis versicolor?

    <p>Topical treatment, unless there is extensive involvement, recurrent infections, or failure of topical therapy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the favus variant of tinea capitis?

    <p>Patchy areas of hair loss and scutula (yellowish crusts and scales), which can coalesce to involve a major portion of the scalp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference in appearance of pityriasis versicolor on dark skin versus light skin?

    <p>On dark skin, lesions often appear as hypopigmented areas, while on light skin they are slightly erythematous or hyperpigmented.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of tinea capitis in addition to fever and pain?

    <p>A higher degree of pruritus, and regional lymph nodes may also be enlarged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual location of pityriasis versicolor lesions?

    <p>Concentrated on the chest, shoulders, and back, but only rarely on the face or distal extremities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of untreated tinea capitis?

    <p>Secondary bacterial infections, scalp atrophy, scarring, and permanent hair loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea capitis is a type of fungal skin infection characterized by a lower degree of ______.

    <p>pruritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ variant of tinea capitis typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula.

    <p>favus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The black dot variety of tinea capitis is characterized by a patchy area of ______ and scutula.

    <p>hair loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pityriasis ______ is a type of fungal skin infection that often appears on the face and distal extremities.

    <p>versicolor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If left untreated, tinea capitis can lead to ______ hair loss.

    <p>temporary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Heat and humidity can ______ the expression of tinea versicolor.

    <p>reduce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Topical treatment is usually ______ for treating tinea versicolor.

    <p>inadequate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea versicolor is caused by a type of ______.

    <p>fungal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea capitis may present as one of four variant patterns, depending on the causative ______.

    <p>dermatophyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In non-inflammatory tinea capitis, the hairs in the lesions are a dull ______ color and usually break off above the scalp level.

    <p>gray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The inflammatory type of tinea capitis produces a spectrum of inflammation, ranging from pustules to ______ formation.

    <p>kerion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ variant of tinea capitis typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula.

    <p>favus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The black dot variety of tinea capitis is characterized by a patchy area of ______ and scutula.

    <p>hair loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pityriasis ______ is a type of fungal skin infection that often appears on the face and distal extremities.

    <p>versicolor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tinea ______ is a type of fungal skin infection that often appears on the face and distal extremities.

    <p>versicolor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pityriasis versicolor is a type of fungal skin infection that is often caused by a type of ______.

    <p>fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The black dot variety of tinea capitis is named for the appearance of infected areas of the ______ surface.

    <p>scalp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hair loss, inflammation, and scaling with the black dot variety of tinea capitis range from ______ to extensive.

    <p>minimal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The favus variant of tinea capitis typically presents as patchy areas of ______ loss and scutula.

    <p>hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pityriasis versicolor, also known as tinea versicolor, is characterized by ______ scaly patches.

    <p>hyper- and hypopigmented</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The typical lesions of pityriasis versicolor consist of oval scaly ______, papules, and patches.

    <p>macules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pityriasis versicolor is caused by ______ of the Malassezia genus.

    <p>yeasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If left untreated, tinea capitis can lead to ______ bacterial infections, scalp atrophy, scarring, and permanent hair loss.

    <p>secondary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Heat and humidity can ______ the expression of pityriasis versicolor.

    <p>promote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of tinea capitis with their characteristic presentations:

    <p>Non-inflammatory = Lesions begin as small papules surrounding individual hair shafts Inflammatory = Produces a spectrum of inflammation, ranging from pustules to kerion formation Favus = Typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula Black dot = Characterized by a patchy area of hair loss and scutula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following fungal skin infections with their characteristic locations:

    <p>Tinea capitis = Scalp Tinea cruris = Medial and upper parts of the thighs and the pubic area Pityriasis versicolor = Face and distal extremities Tinea versicolor = Face and distal extremities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of tinea capitis with their characteristic symptoms:

    <p>Non-inflammatory = Little inflammation is present Inflammatory = Produces a spectrum of inflammation, ranging from pustules to kerion formation Favus = Weeping lesions whose exudate forms thick crusts on the scalp Black dot = Hairs in the lesions are dull gray color and usually break off above the scalp level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following fungal skin infections with their characteristic causes:

    <p>Tinea capitis = Dermatophyte infection Pityriasis versicolor = Fungal infection Tinea versicolor = Fungal infection Contact dermatitis = Superficial bacterial infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of tinea capitis with their characteristic appearances:

    <p>Non-inflammatory = Lesions have fine scaling of the scalp Inflammatory = Weeping lesions whose exudate forms thick crusts on the scalp Favus = Single large patch of hair loss and scutula Black dot = Patchy area of hair loss and scutula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following fungal skin infections with their characteristic effects:

    <p>Tinea capitis = Temporary hair loss if left untreated Pityriasis versicolor = No permanent scarring Tinea versicolor = No permanent scarring Contact dermatitis = Cracks and fissures in the affected skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of tinea capitis with their characteristic hair appearances:

    <p>Non-inflammatory = Hairs are dull gray color and usually break off above the scalp level Inflammatory = Hairs are shiny and long Favus = Hairs are dull gray color and usually break off above the scalp level Black dot = Hairs are shiny and long</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following fungal skin infections with their characteristic treatment options:

    <p>Tinea capitis = Topical treatment is usually inadequate Pityriasis versicolor = Topical treatment is usually adequate Tinea versicolor = Topical treatment is usually adequate Contact dermatitis = Treatment depends on the cause of the contact dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of Tinea Capitis with their characteristics:

    <p>Black Dot = Hair loss, inflammation, and scaling with this type of tinea capitis range from minimal to extensive Favus = Patchy areas of hair loss and scutula Inflammatory = Pain and pruritus are common symptoms Non-inflammatory = Hairs are typically shiny and long</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with the correct type of Tinea Capitis:

    <p>Pruritus = Inflammatory Tinea Capitis Scalp atrophy = Favus Black dots on the scalp = Black Dot Regional lymph nodes may be enlarged = Inflammatory Tinea Capitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with the correct type of fungal skin infection:

    <p>Hyper- and hypopigmented scaly patches = Pityriasis Versicolor Patchy areas of hair loss and scutula = Favus Oval scaly macules, papules, and patches = Pityriasis Versicolor Hair loss, inflammation, and scaling = Tinea Capitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of fungal skin infections with their causes:

    <p>Tinea Capitis = Dermatophyte Pityriasis Versicolor = Yeasts of the Malassezia genus Tinea Pedis = Dermatophyte Favus = Dermatophyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of fungal skin infections with their typical locations:

    <p>Tinea Capitis = Scalp Pityriasis Versicolor = Chest, shoulders, and back Tinea Pedis = Feet Favus = Scalp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of fungal skin infections with their symptoms:

    <p>Tinea Capitis = Fever, pain, and pruritus Pityriasis Versicolor = Hyper- and hypopigmented scaly patches Favus = Patchy areas of hair loss and scutula Tinea Pedis = Itching, burning, and cracking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with the correct type of fungal skin infection:

    <p>Tinea Capitis = Characterized by a lower degree of pruritus Favus = Typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula Black Dot = Characterized by a patchy area of hair loss and scutula Pityriasis Versicolor = Appears on the face and distal extremities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of fungal skin infections with their complications:

    <p>Tinea Capitis = Secondary bacterial infections, scalp atrophy, scarring, and permanent hair loss Pityriasis Versicolor = No significant complications Favus = Secondary bacterial infections, scalp atrophy, scarring, and permanent hair loss Tinea Pedis = Cellulitis, lymphangitis, and bacterial superinfection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of fungal skin infections with their treatment options:

    <p>Tinea Capitis = Topical and oral antifungal medications Pityriasis Versicolor = Topical treatment usually is adequate Favus = Topical and oral antifungal medications Tinea Pedis = Topical and oral antifungal medications, and good foot hygiene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with the correct type of fungal skin infection:

    <p>Tinea Versicolor = Caused by a type of bacteria Tinea Capitis = Can lead to temporary hair loss Pityriasis Versicolor = Often appears on the face and distal extremities Favus = Characterized by a lower degree of pruritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with the correct type of fungal skin infection:

    <p>Tinea Capitis = Weeping lesions whose exudate forms thick crusts on the scalp Tinea Cruris = Central area of the lesions is more erythematous than the margins Pityriasis Versicolor = Fine scaling is usually absent Favus = Typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with the correct type of fungal skin infection:

    <p>Tinea Cruris = Fine scaling is usually absent Pityriasis Versicolor = Often appears on the face and distal extremities Favus = Typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula Tinea Capitis = Can lead to temporary hair loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with the correct type of fungal skin infection:

    <p>Pityriasis Versicolor = Heat and humidity can reduce the expression of Tinea Capitis = Weeping lesions whose exudate forms thick crusts on the scalp Tinea Cruris = Central area of the lesions is more erythematous than the margins Favus = Typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with the correct type of fungal skin infection:

    <p>Tinea Capitis = Hairs in non-inflammatory are typically shiny and long Pityriasis Versicolor = Often appears on the face and distal extremities Favus = Typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula Tinea Cruris = Fine scaling is usually absent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with the correct type of fungal skin infection:

    <p>Tinea Cruris = Pain is a rare symptom in Pityriasis Versicolor = Often appears on the face and distal extremities Favus = Typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula Tinea Capitis = Can lead to temporary hair loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with the correct type of fungal skin infection:

    <p>Pityriasis Versicolor = Topical treatment is usually inadequate for treating Tinea Capitis = Weeping lesions whose exudate forms thick crusts on the scalp Favus = Typically presents with a single large patch of hair loss and scutula Tinea Cruris = Fine scaling is usually absent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Differentiation of Fungal Skin Infections and Skin Disorders

    • Fungal skin infections occur on areas of the body where excess moisture accumulates, such as the feet, groin area, scalp, and under the arms.

    • Contact dermatitis can occur on any area of the body exposed to the allergen/irritant, with hands, face, legs, ears, eyes, and anogenital area involved most often.

    • Bacterial skin infections can occur anywhere on the body.

    • Fungal skin infections present as soggy, malodorous, thickened skin, or as acute vesicular rash, or fine scaling of affected area with varying degrees of inflammation.

    • Contact dermatitis presents as a variety of lesions, including raised wheals, fluid-filled vesicles, or both.

    • Bacterial skin infections present as a variety of lesions, including macules, pustules, and ulcers with redness surrounding the lesion.

    • Fungal skin infections cause itching and pain.

    • Contact dermatitis causes itching and pain.

    • Bacterial skin infections cause irritation and pain.

    Tinea Pedis

    • Tinea pedis has four accepted variants, which may overlap.
    • This type of infection can be complicated by an overgrowth of opportunistic, gram-negative bacteria, producing an extremely painful, erosive, purulent interspace.
    • Tinea pedis is most commonly seen in the interdigital space between the fourth and fifth digits.

    Tinea Unguium

    • Nails affected by tinea unguium gradually lose their normal shiny luster and become opaque.
    • If left untreated, the nails become thick, rough, yellow, opaque, and friable.
    • The nail may separate from the nail bed if the infection progresses secondarily to subungual hyperkeratosis.
    • Ultimately, the nail may be lost altogether.

    Tinea Corporis

    • Tinea corporis may have a diverse clinical presentation.
    • Lesions, which involve glabrous skin, begin as small, circular, erythematous, scaly areas.
    • The lesions spread peripherally, and the borders may contain vesicles or pustules.
    • Infected individuals may also complain of pruritus.
    • Tinea corporis can occur on any part of the body.
    • The location of the infection can provide clues to the type of infecting dermatophyte.

    Complementary Therapies

    • Oil of Bitter Orange, Tea Tree Oil, and Garlic have been used with some success in the management of fungal skin infections, with few or no side effects.

    Non-Drug Measures

    • Use a separate towel to dry the affected area or dry the affected area last to prevent spreading the infection to other parts of the body.
    • Do not share towels, clothing, or other personal articles with household members, especially when an infection is present.
    • Launder contaminated towels and clothing in hot water, and dry them on a hot dryer setting to prevent spreading the infection.
    • Cleanse skin daily with soap and water, and thoroughly pat dry to remove oils and other substances that promote growth of fungi.
    • If possible, do not wear clothing or shoes that cause the skin to stay wet.
    • Allow shoes to dry thoroughly before wearing them again, and dust shoes with medicated or non-medicated foot powder to help keep them dry.
    • If needed, place odor-controlling insoles in casual or athletic shoes, and change them routinely every 3-4 months or more often if their condition warrants.
    • Discontinue the use of an antifungal if irritation, sensitization, or worsening of the skin condition occurs.
    • Avoid contact with people who have fungal infections, and wear protective footwear in areas of family or public use.

    Key Points for Fungal Skin Infections

    • Tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea pedis can be treated with nonprescription drugs.

    Tinea Capitis

    • In addition to fever and pain, individuals with tinea capitis may experience a higher degree of pruritus.
    • Regional lymph nodes may also be enlarged.
    • The black dot variety of tinea capitis is named for the appearance of infected areas of the scalp, where arthrospores on the hair shaft cause hairs to break off at the level of the scalp, leaving black dots on the scalp surface.
    • Hair loss, inflammation, and scaling with this type of tinea capitis range from minimal to extensive.
    • The favus variant of tinea capitis typically presents as patchy areas of hair loss and scutula (yellowish crusts and scales).
    • If left untreated, this condition can lead to secondary bacterial infections, scalp atrophy, scarring, and permanent hair loss.

    Pityriasis Versicolor (Tinea Versicolor)

    • Pityriasis versicolor is characterized by hyper- and hypopigmented scaly patches.
    • On dark skin, the lesions often appear as hypopigmented areas, while on light skin they are slightly erythematous or hyperpigmented.
    • The expression of infection is promoted by heat and humidity.
    • The typical lesions consist of oval scaly macules, papules, and patches concentrated on the chest, shoulders, and back, but only rarely on the face or distal extremities.
    • It is caused by yeasts of the Malassezia genus.
    • Topical treatment usually is adequate unless there is extensive involvement, recurrent infections, or failure of topical therapy.

    Tinea Cruris

    • Tinea cruris is more common in males and occurs on the medial and upper parts of the thighs and the pubic area.
    • The lesions have well-demarcated margins that are elevated slightly and are more erythematous than the central area.
    • Small vesicles may be seen, especially at the margins.
    • Acute lesions are bright red, and chronic cases tend to have more of a hyperpigmented appearance.
    • Fine scaling is usually present.
    • This condition is generally bilateral with significant pruritus.
    • The lesions usually spare the penis and scrotum.
    • Pain may also be present during periods of sweating or when the skin becomes macerated or infected by a secondary microorganism.

    Tinea Cruris Case Study

    • A 54-year-old man with tinea cruris and corporis for decades despite multiple treatments with oral antifungal medications.
    • His cultures show T. rubrum sensitive to all the typical oral antifungal medications, but his tinea never completely clears.
    • He does not have a known immunodeficiency, but his immune system appears not to recognize the T. rubrum as foreign.

    Tinea Capitis Variants

    • Clinically, tinea capitis may present as one of four variant patterns, depending on the causative dermatophyte.
    • In non-inflammatory tinea capitis, lesions begin as small papules surrounding individual hair shafts.
    • Subsequently, the lesions spread centrifugally to involve all hairs in their path.
    • Although there is some scaling of the scalp, little inflammation is present.
    • Hairs in the lesions are a dull gray color and usually break off above the scalp level.
    • The inflammatory type of tinea capitis produces a spectrum of inflammation, ranging from pustules to kerion formation.

    Differentiation of Fungal Skin Infections and Skin Disorders with Similar Presentation

    • Criterion: Location
      • Fungal skin infections: On areas of the body where excess moisture accumulates, such as the feet, groin area, scalp, and under the arms.
      • Contact dermatitis: Any area of the body exposed to the allergen/irritant; hands, face, legs, ears, eyes, and anogenital area involved most often.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Anywhere on the body.
    • Criterion: Signs
      • Fungal skin infections: Presents either as soggy, malodorous, thickened skin; acute vesicular rash; or fine scaling of affected area with varying degrees of inflammation.
      • Contact dermatitis: Presents as a variety of lesions: raised wheals, fluid-filled vesicles, or both.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Presents as a variety of lesions from macules to pustules to ulcers with redness surrounding the lesion.
    • Criterion: Symptoms
      • Fungal skin infections: Itching and pain.
      • Contact dermatitis: Itching and pain.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Irritation and pain.
    • Criterion: Quantity/Severity
      • Fungal skin infections: Usually localized to one region of the body but can spread.
      • Contact dermatitis: Affects all areas of exposed skin but does not spread.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Usually localized to one region of the body but can spread.
    • Criterion: Timing
      • Fungal skin infections: Variable onset.
      • Contact dermatitis: Variable onset from immediately after exposure to 3 weeks after contact.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Variable onset.
    • Criterion: Cause
      • Fungal skin infections: Superficial fungal infection.
      • Contact dermatitis: Exposure to skin irritants or allergens.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Superficial bacterial infection.
    • Criterion: Modifying Factors
      • Fungal skin infections: Treated with nonprescription astringents, antifungals, and nondrug measures to keep the area clean and dry.
      • Contact dermatitis: Treated with topical antipruritics, skin protectants, astringents, and nondrug measures to avoid reexposure.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Treated with prescription antibiotics.

    Tinea Pedis

    • Clinically, tinea pedis has four accepted variants; two or more of these types may overlap.

    Tinea Capitis

    • In addition to fever and pain, individuals with tinea capitis may experience a higher degree of pruritus.
    • Regional lymph nodes may also be enlarged.
    • The black dot variety of tinea capitis is named for the appearance of infected areas of the scalp, where arthrospores on the hair shaft cause hairs to break off at the level of the scalp, leaving black dots on the scalp surface.
    • Hair loss, inflammation, and scaling with this type of tinea capitis range from minimal to extensive.
    • The favus variant of tinea capitis typically presents as patchy areas of hair loss and scutula (yellowish crusts and scales).
    • If left untreated, this condition can lead to secondary bacterial infections, scalp atrophy, scarring, and permanent hair loss.

    Pityriasis Versicolor (Tinea Versicolor)

    • Pityriasis versicolor is characterized by hyper- and hypopigmented scaly patches.
    • On dark skin, the lesions often appear as hypopigmented areas, while on light skin they are slightly erythematous or hyperpigmented.
    • The expression of infection is promoted by heat and humidity.
    • The typical lesions consist of oval scaly macules, papules, and patches concentrated on the chest, shoulders, and back, but only rarely on the face or distal extremities.
    • It is caused by yeasts of the Malassezia genus.
    • Topical treatment usually is adequate unless there is extensive involvement, recurrent infections, or failure of topical therapy.

    Tinea Cruris

    • Tinea cruris is more common in males and occurs on the medial and upper parts of the thighs and the pubic area.
    • The lesions have well-demarcated margins that are elevated slightly and are more erythematous than the central area.
    • Small vesicles may be seen, especially at the margins.
    • Acute lesions are bright red, and chronic cases tend to have more of a hyperpigmented appearance.
    • Fine scaling is usually present.
    • This condition is generally bilateral with significant pruritus.
    • The lesions usually spare the penis and scrotum.
    • Pain may also be present during periods of sweating or when the skin becomes macerated or infected by a secondary microorganism.

    Tinea Cruris Case Study

    • A 54-year-old man with tinea cruris and corporis for decades despite multiple treatments with oral antifungal medications.
    • His cultures show T. rubrum sensitive to all the typical oral antifungal medications, but his tinea never completely clears.
    • He does not have a known immunodeficiency, but his immune system appears not to recognize the T. rubrum as foreign.

    Tinea Capitis Variants

    • Clinically, tinea capitis may present as one of four variant patterns, depending on the causative dermatophyte.
    • In non-inflammatory tinea capitis, lesions begin as small papules surrounding individual hair shafts.
    • Subsequently, the lesions spread centrifugally to involve all hairs in their path.
    • Although there is some scaling of the scalp, little inflammation is present.
    • Hairs in the lesions are a dull gray color and usually break off above the scalp level.
    • The inflammatory type of tinea capitis produces a spectrum of inflammation, ranging from pustules to kerion formation.

    Differentiation of Fungal Skin Infections and Skin Disorders with Similar Presentation

    • Criterion: Location
      • Fungal skin infections: On areas of the body where excess moisture accumulates, such as the feet, groin area, scalp, and under the arms.
      • Contact dermatitis: Any area of the body exposed to the allergen/irritant; hands, face, legs, ears, eyes, and anogenital area involved most often.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Anywhere on the body.
    • Criterion: Signs
      • Fungal skin infections: Presents either as soggy, malodorous, thickened skin; acute vesicular rash; or fine scaling of affected area with varying degrees of inflammation.
      • Contact dermatitis: Presents as a variety of lesions: raised wheals, fluid-filled vesicles, or both.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Presents as a variety of lesions from macules to pustules to ulcers with redness surrounding the lesion.
    • Criterion: Symptoms
      • Fungal skin infections: Itching and pain.
      • Contact dermatitis: Itching and pain.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Irritation and pain.
    • Criterion: Quantity/Severity
      • Fungal skin infections: Usually localized to one region of the body but can spread.
      • Contact dermatitis: Affects all areas of exposed skin but does not spread.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Usually localized to one region of the body but can spread.
    • Criterion: Timing
      • Fungal skin infections: Variable onset.
      • Contact dermatitis: Variable onset from immediately after exposure to 3 weeks after contact.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Variable onset.
    • Criterion: Cause
      • Fungal skin infections: Superficial fungal infection.
      • Contact dermatitis: Exposure to skin irritants or allergens.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Superficial bacterial infection.
    • Criterion: Modifying Factors
      • Fungal skin infections: Treated with nonprescription astringents, antifungals, and nondrug measures to keep the area clean and dry.
      • Contact dermatitis: Treated with topical antipruritics, skin protectants, astringents, and nondrug measures to avoid reexposure.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Treated with prescription antibiotics.

    Tinea Pedis

    • Clinically, tinea pedis has four accepted variants; two or more of these types may overlap.

    Tinea Capitis

    • In addition to fever and pain, individuals with tinea capitis may experience a higher degree of pruritus.
    • Regional lymph nodes may also be enlarged.
    • The black dot variety of tinea capitis is named for the appearance of infected areas of the scalp, where arthrospores on the hair shaft cause hairs to break off at the level of the scalp, leaving black dots on the scalp surface.
    • Hair loss, inflammation, and scaling with this type of tinea capitis range from minimal to extensive.
    • The favus variant of tinea capitis typically presents as patchy areas of hair loss and scutula (yellowish crusts and scales).
    • If left untreated, this condition can lead to secondary bacterial infections, scalp atrophy, scarring, and permanent hair loss.

    Pityriasis Versicolor (Tinea Versicolor)

    • Pityriasis versicolor is characterized by hyper- and hypopigmented scaly patches.
    • On dark skin, the lesions often appear as hypopigmented areas, while on light skin they are slightly erythematous or hyperpigmented.
    • The expression of infection is promoted by heat and humidity.
    • The typical lesions consist of oval scaly macules, papules, and patches concentrated on the chest, shoulders, and back, but only rarely on the face or distal extremities.
    • It is caused by yeasts of the Malassezia genus.
    • Topical treatment usually is adequate unless there is extensive involvement, recurrent infections, or failure of topical therapy.

    Tinea Cruris

    • Tinea cruris is more common in males and occurs on the medial and upper parts of the thighs and the pubic area.
    • The lesions have well-demarcated margins that are elevated slightly and are more erythematous than the central area.
    • Small vesicles may be seen, especially at the margins.
    • Acute lesions are bright red, and chronic cases tend to have more of a hyperpigmented appearance.
    • Fine scaling is usually present.
    • This condition is generally bilateral with significant pruritus.
    • The lesions usually spare the penis and scrotum.
    • Pain may also be present during periods of sweating or when the skin becomes macerated or infected by a secondary microorganism.

    Tinea Cruris Case Study

    • A 54-year-old man with tinea cruris and corporis for decades despite multiple treatments with oral antifungal medications.
    • His cultures show T. rubrum sensitive to all the typical oral antifungal medications, but his tinea never completely clears.
    • He does not have a known immunodeficiency, but his immune system appears not to recognize the T. rubrum as foreign.

    Tinea Capitis Variants

    • Clinically, tinea capitis may present as one of four variant patterns, depending on the causative dermatophyte.
    • In non-inflammatory tinea capitis, lesions begin as small papules surrounding individual hair shafts.
    • Subsequently, the lesions spread centrifugally to involve all hairs in their path.
    • Although there is some scaling of the scalp, little inflammation is present.
    • Hairs in the lesions are a dull gray color and usually break off above the scalp level.
    • The inflammatory type of tinea capitis produces a spectrum of inflammation, ranging from pustules to kerion formation.

    Differentiation of Fungal Skin Infections and Skin Disorders with Similar Presentation

    • Criterion: Location
      • Fungal skin infections: On areas of the body where excess moisture accumulates, such as the feet, groin area, scalp, and under the arms.
      • Contact dermatitis: Any area of the body exposed to the allergen/irritant; hands, face, legs, ears, eyes, and anogenital area involved most often.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Anywhere on the body.
    • Criterion: Signs
      • Fungal skin infections: Presents either as soggy, malodorous, thickened skin; acute vesicular rash; or fine scaling of affected area with varying degrees of inflammation.
      • Contact dermatitis: Presents as a variety of lesions: raised wheals, fluid-filled vesicles, or both.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Presents as a variety of lesions from macules to pustules to ulcers with redness surrounding the lesion.
    • Criterion: Symptoms
      • Fungal skin infections: Itching and pain.
      • Contact dermatitis: Itching and pain.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Irritation and pain.
    • Criterion: Quantity/Severity
      • Fungal skin infections: Usually localized to one region of the body but can spread.
      • Contact dermatitis: Affects all areas of exposed skin but does not spread.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Usually localized to one region of the body but can spread.
    • Criterion: Timing
      • Fungal skin infections: Variable onset.
      • Contact dermatitis: Variable onset from immediately after exposure to 3 weeks after contact.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Variable onset.
    • Criterion: Cause
      • Fungal skin infections: Superficial fungal infection.
      • Contact dermatitis: Exposure to skin irritants or allergens.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Superficial bacterial infection.
    • Criterion: Modifying Factors
      • Fungal skin infections: Treated with nonprescription astringents, antifungals, and nondrug measures to keep the area clean and dry.
      • Contact dermatitis: Treated with topical antipruritics, skin protectants, astringents, and nondrug measures to avoid reexposure.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Treated with prescription antibiotics.

    Tinea Pedis

    • Clinically, tinea pedis has four accepted variants; two or more of these types may overlap.

    Tinea Capitis

    • In addition to fever and pain, individuals with tinea capitis may experience a higher degree of pruritus.
    • Regional lymph nodes may also be enlarged.
    • The black dot variety of tinea capitis is named for the appearance of infected areas of the scalp, where arthrospores on the hair shaft cause hairs to break off at the level of the scalp, leaving black dots on the scalp surface.
    • Hair loss, inflammation, and scaling with this type of tinea capitis range from minimal to extensive.
    • The favus variant of tinea capitis typically presents as patchy areas of hair loss and scutula (yellowish crusts and scales).
    • If left untreated, this condition can lead to secondary bacterial infections, scalp atrophy, scarring, and permanent hair loss.

    Pityriasis Versicolor (Tinea Versicolor)

    • Pityriasis versicolor is characterized by hyper- and hypopigmented scaly patches.
    • On dark skin, the lesions often appear as hypopigmented areas, while on light skin they are slightly erythematous or hyperpigmented.
    • The expression of infection is promoted by heat and humidity.
    • The typical lesions consist of oval scaly macules, papules, and patches concentrated on the chest, shoulders, and back, but only rarely on the face or distal extremities.
    • It is caused by yeasts of the Malassezia genus.
    • Topical treatment usually is adequate unless there is extensive involvement, recurrent infections, or failure of topical therapy.

    Tinea Cruris

    • Tinea cruris is more common in males and occurs on the medial and upper parts of the thighs and the pubic area.
    • The lesions have well-demarcated margins that are elevated slightly and are more erythematous than the central area.
    • Small vesicles may be seen, especially at the margins.
    • Acute lesions are bright red, and chronic cases tend to have more of a hyperpigmented appearance.
    • Fine scaling is usually present.
    • This condition is generally bilateral with significant pruritus.
    • The lesions usually spare the penis and scrotum.
    • Pain may also be present during periods of sweating or when the skin becomes macerated or infected by a secondary microorganism.

    Tinea Cruris Case Study

    • A 54-year-old man with tinea cruris and corporis for decades despite multiple treatments with oral antifungal medications.
    • His cultures show T. rubrum sensitive to all the typical oral antifungal medications, but his tinea never completely clears.
    • He does not have a known immunodeficiency, but his immune system appears not to recognize the T. rubrum as foreign.

    Tinea Capitis Variants

    • Clinically, tinea capitis may present as one of four variant patterns, depending on the causative dermatophyte.
    • In non-inflammatory tinea capitis, lesions begin as small papules surrounding individual hair shafts.
    • Subsequently, the lesions spread centrifugally to involve all hairs in their path.
    • Although there is some scaling of the scalp, little inflammation is present.
    • Hairs in the lesions are a dull gray color and usually break off above the scalp level.
    • The inflammatory type of tinea capitis produces a spectrum of inflammation, ranging from pustules to kerion formation.

    Differentiation of Fungal Skin Infections and Skin Disorders with Similar Presentation

    • Criterion: Location
      • Fungal skin infections: On areas of the body where excess moisture accumulates, such as the feet, groin area, scalp, and under the arms.
      • Contact dermatitis: Any area of the body exposed to the allergen/irritant; hands, face, legs, ears, eyes, and anogenital area involved most often.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Anywhere on the body.
    • Criterion: Signs
      • Fungal skin infections: Presents either as soggy, malodorous, thickened skin; acute vesicular rash; or fine scaling of affected area with varying degrees of inflammation.
      • Contact dermatitis: Presents as a variety of lesions: raised wheals, fluid-filled vesicles, or both.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Presents as a variety of lesions from macules to pustules to ulcers with redness surrounding the lesion.
    • Criterion: Symptoms
      • Fungal skin infections: Itching and pain.
      • Contact dermatitis: Itching and pain.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Irritation and pain.
    • Criterion: Quantity/Severity
      • Fungal skin infections: Usually localized to one region of the body but can spread.
      • Contact dermatitis: Affects all areas of exposed skin but does not spread.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Usually localized to one region of the body but can spread.
    • Criterion: Timing
      • Fungal skin infections: Variable onset.
      • Contact dermatitis: Variable onset from immediately after exposure to 3 weeks after contact.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Variable onset.
    • Criterion: Cause
      • Fungal skin infections: Superficial fungal infection.
      • Contact dermatitis: Exposure to skin irritants or allergens.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Superficial bacterial infection.
    • Criterion: Modifying Factors
      • Fungal skin infections: Treated with nonprescription astringents, antifungals, and nondrug measures to keep the area clean and dry.
      • Contact dermatitis: Treated with topical antipruritics, skin protectants, astringents, and nondrug measures to avoid reexposure.
      • Bacterial skin infections: Treated with prescription antibiotics.

    Tinea Pedis

    • Clinically, tinea pedis has four accepted variants; two or more of these types may overlap.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Fungal Skin Infections PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the differences between fungal skin infections, contact dermatitis, and bacterial skin infections, including their common areas of occurrence and presentation. Learn to identify and distinguish between these skin conditions.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser