Diesel Power Station (DG Set) Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of mechanical energy in a diesel power station?

  • The electrical energy generated
  • The combustion of diesel (correct)
  • The diesel engine
  • The alternator

    • Why are diesel power stations used in certain areas?

  • Because they require a large area of land
  • Because they require a large amount of water for cooling
  • Because they produce bulk power at a cheaper cost
  • Because the demand for power is less in those areas (correct)

    • What is a major disadvantage of diesel power stations?

  • They have low thermal efficiency
  • They have high running charges due to costly fuel (correct)
  • They produce bulk power at a cheaper cost
  • They require less operating staff

    • What is an advantage of diesel power stations in terms of location?

    <p>They can be located at any place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the design and layout of a diesel power station?

    <p>They are simple and occupy less space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are diesel power stations used as standby sets?

    <p>Because they can provide continuity of supply to important points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of diesel power stations in terms of water usage?

    <p>They require less quantity of water for cooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of diesel power stations in terms of power generation?

    <p>They can only generate small power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a UPS?

    <p>To offer immediate protection against power interruptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of UPS is also known as a Standby UPS system?

    <p>Off-line UPS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the tap-changing transformer in a Line Interactive UPS?

    <p>To provide additional filtering and reduce transient loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of an On-line UPS?

    <p>Zero transfer time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the rectifier in an On-line UPS?

    <p>To convert AC input to DC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary disadvantage of an Off-line UPS?

    <p>Long transfer time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the power inverter in a UPS?

    <p>To convert DC to AC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of a UPS over other immediate power supply systems?

    <p>Immediate protection against power interruptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the fuel supply system in a diesel power station?

    <p>To store and pump fuel oil to the engine at regular intervals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the filters in the air intake system of a diesel power station?

    <p>To remove dust particles from the air which may act as abrasive in the engine cylinder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cooling system in a diesel power station?

    <p>To keep the temperature of the engine parts within safe operating limits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the lubricating system in a diesel power station?

    <p>To minimize the wear of rubbing surfaces of the engine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the engine starting system in a diesel power station?

    <p>To rotate the engine initially until firing starts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the choke in the excitation unit of an alternator?

    <p>To adjust the terminal voltage at no load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)?

    <p>To maintain a continuous supply of electrical power during a mains failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the rectifier in a UPS?

    <p>To convert AC to DC voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial consideration when selecting a battery bank?

    <p>The physical size and weight of the battery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a battery monitoring system?

    <p>To track the health and performance of the batteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to consult with a professional when selecting a UPS and battery bank?

    <p>To ensure the chosen system aligns with the specific requirements and constraints of the application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of ensuring overall system safety?

    <p>Proper ventilation for batteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of developing a testing and maintenance schedule?

    <p>To verify the functionality of both the UPS and battery banks regularly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial consideration when selecting a battery bank, in terms of replacement costs?

    <p>The warranty provided by the battery manufacturer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to ensure compatibility between the UPS and battery banks?

    <p>To create a reliable and efficient backup power system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration when selecting a UPS and battery bank, in terms of compliance?

    <p>Adherence to local codes and regulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical room temperature assumed by manufacturers for providing sizing information for their batteries?

    <p>25oC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following battery types is commonly used in UPS systems due to its energy density and cycle life?

    <p>Lithium-ion Battery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit used to measure the power capacity of a UPS?

    <p>kVA or kW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration for selecting a UPS topology?

    <p>Application's sensitivity to power interruptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula used to calculate the required Amperes per cell for lead acid batteries designed for short discharge times?

    <p>Amperes = VA × pf × η × N + Al</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the factor that affects the battery capacity and autonomy during a power outage?

    <p>Desired autonomy period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of considering redundancy in UPS systems?

    <p>To provide backup in case of a failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of selecting a UPS system with advanced monitoring and management features?

    <p>It provides remote monitoring, diagnostics, and alerts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diesel Power Station (DG Set)

    • A generating station that uses a diesel engine as the prime mover for generating electrical energy.
    • The diesel engine drives an alternator, which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
    • Advantages:
      • Simple design and layout
      • Occupies less space
      • Can be located anywhere
      • Quick start-up and load pick-up
      • No standby losses
      • Less water required for cooling
      • Lower overall cost compared to a steam power station of the same capacity
      • Higher thermal efficiency
      • Requires less operating staff
    • Disadvantages:
      • High running charges due to costly fuel (diesel)
      • Unsatisfactory performance under overload conditions for a long period
      • Limited to generating small power
      • High cost of lubrication
      • High maintenance charges

    Schematic Arrangement of Diesel Power Station

    • Auxiliaries:
      • Fuel supply system
      • Air intake system
      • Exhaust system
      • Cooling system
      • Lubricating system
      • Engine starting system
    • Diesel generator set: a salient pole type synchronous generator, self-excited and self-regulated by an excitation unit

    Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)

    • A device that maintains a continuous supply of electrical power, even in the event of a mains (utility) supply failure.
    • Installed between the mains supply and the equipment to be protected.
    • Uses: safeguarding computers, data centers, and critical equipment in large organizations.
    • Working principle:
      • Converts mains AC supply to DC voltage
      • Charges batteries during normal operation
      • Uses DC voltage from batteries to supply power during a mains failure
      • Converts DC voltage back to AC voltage using an inverter
    • Advantages: immediate protection against input power interruptions, short battery run time, and safe shutdown of connected equipment

    Types of UPS

    • Off-line UPS (Standby UPS system):
      • Primary source is the filtered AC mains
      • Transfer switch selects the backup source during a power breakage
      • Least expensive UPS system, provides surge protection and backup
    • On-line UPS:
      • Double conversion method: AC input is converted to DC for storage, and then converted back to AC for the load
      • Used where electrical isolation is mandatory
      • More expensive due to the design of constantly running converters and cooling systems
    • Line Interactive UPS:
      • Used for small business and departmental servers
      • Similar to off-line UPS, but with the addition of a tap-changing transformer for voltage regulation
      • Provides additional filtering and lower transient loss

    Battery Types

    • Lead Acid/Plante Battery
    • Lead Acid/Antimony Battery
    • Lead Acid/Calcium Battery
    • Lead Acid/Calcium, Maintenance-free Liquid Electrolyte Battery
    • Lead Acid/Calcium, Maintenance-free Gelled Electrolyte, Sealed Battery
    • Lead Acid (Special Alloy), Suspended Electrolyte, Maintenance-free, Sealed Battery
    • Nickel Cadmium, Pocket Plate Liquid Electrolyte Battery

    Battery Sizing

    • Manufacturers provide sizing information for their batteries
    • Battery sizing is typically done using watts per cell or amperes per cell
    • Watts per cell method: uses kilowatts per cell tabulated for various backup times
    • Amperes per cell method: uses charts expressed in available amps for specified periods of time

    Selection of UPS and Battery Banks

    • Key considerations:
      • Power capacity (kVA or kW)
      • Topology (Online Double Conversion, Line Interactive, Standby)
      • Redundancy
      • Scalability
      • Efficiency
      • Compatibility
      • Monitoring and management
      • Form factor
      • Battery type (VRLA, lithium-ion)
      • Capacity and autonomy
      • Charging time
      • Temperature considerations
      • Maintenance requirements
      • Footprint
      • Monitoring system
      • Warranty
      • Integration and compatibility
      • Safety
      • Testing and maintenance schedule

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    Test your knowledge of diesel power stations, including their design, advantages, and operation. Learn about the mechanical and electrical components involved in generating electrical energy.

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