MED 308: Diesel Engine and Gas Turbine Power Plants
25 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a significant drawback of power plants that rely on gas turbines?

  • Minimal environmental impact
  • High susceptibility to power fluctuations
  • Low operational costs compared to fossil fuels
  • Dependence on high-quality air and gas filters (correct)

Which pollutant is not associated with nuclear power plants?

  • Radioactive release
  • Radioactive waste
  • Thermal pollution
  • SO2 (correct)

What effect does the anaerobic decomposition of vegetation in hydro-power plants have?

  • Reduction of greenhouse gases
  • Enhancement of nutrient transport downstream
  • Increased oxygen levels in the water
  • Production of greenhouse gases (correct)

Which of the following pollutants is primarily produced by diesel power plants?

<p>NOx (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does environmental degradation from hydro-power plants typically manifest?

<p>Loss of wetlands and wildlife habitat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of thermal pollution from power plants?

<p>Harm to aquatic life due to temperature changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one feature that distinguishes diesel engines from gasoline engines?

<p>They are named after Rudolf Diesel. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following thermodynamic processes occurs in the Diesel cycle during heat addition?

<p>Constant pressure heat addition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of a diesel engine power plant in peak load conditions?

<p>To complement other power plants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Diesel cycle, how is the thermal efficiency calculated?

<p>η = 1 - (Q2/Q1) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of diesel engine?

<p>Wankel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the isentropic process in the Diesel cycle?

<p>No heat transfer occurs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a typical application of a diesel power plant?

<p>As a standby unit for emergencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cycle describes the thermodynamic process of a diesel engine?

<p>Diesel cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common disadvantage of diesel engine power plants?

<p>High emissions of particulate matter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main disadvantages of gas turbine engines?

<p>High operating cost (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process in the Brayton Cycle involves constant pressure heat addition?

<p>Process 2-3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a closed-cycle gas turbine engine?

<p>Recirculates the working fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the efficiency of the Brayton Cycle?

<p>$η = 1 - \frac{T4 - T1}{T3 - T2}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a suitable application for gas turbine power plants?

<p>Peak load generation in combination with other plants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT an advantage of gas turbine engines?

<p>High requirement for cooling water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which process of the Brayton Cycle does isentropic expansion occur?

<p>Process 3-4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the gas turbine engine's fuel usage?

<p>Various hydrocarbon fuels can be used (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the Brayton Cycle represents constant pressure heat rejection?

<p>Process 4-1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What issue is commonly associated with gas turbine engines?

<p>Noise problems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Diesel Engine

A compression ignition engine (CI engine), named after Rudolf Diesel, needing no spark plug for ignition.

Diesel Engine Types

Diesel engines come in four-stroke, two-stroke, horizontal, vertical, single, and multi-cylinder configurations.

Diesel Cycle

An air standard cycle for a diesel engine, consisting of four processes: isentropic compression, constant pressure heat addition, isentropic expansion, and constant volume heat rejection.

Diesel Cycle Processes

The four steps in the Diesel cycle: 1-2 - Isentropic Compression; 2-3 - Constant pressure heat addition; 3-4 - Isentropic Expansion; 4-1 - Constant volume heat rejection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diesel Engine Efficiency

Calculated as 1 - (Q2/Q1), where Q1 is heat supplied and Q2 is heat rejected. It depends upon the temperatures involved in the cycle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diesel Peak-load Plant

A diesel power plant used to meet sudden increases in electricity demand, often in conjunction with other power plants.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mobile Diesel Plant

Diesel engine used in large construction or industrial sites requiring temporary power.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Standby Diesel Unit

A diesel power plant that automatically starts up when the main power source fails.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Starting Large Power Plants

Diesel engines can start up large steam power plants.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the disadvantages of using air and gas turbines?

Air and gas turbines are sensitive to component efficiency, require high-quality filters, and have high energy consumption due to compressor work.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the main pollutants released by fossil fuel power plants?

Fossil fuel power plants release sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2), particulate matter, and carbon monoxide (CO).

Signup and view all the flashcards

What pollutants are released by nuclear power plants?

Nuclear power plants release radioactive waste and contribute to thermal pollution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are some effects of air pollutants?

Air pollutants can contribute to the greenhouse effect, global warming, smog formation, acid rain, and damage to aquatic life.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are some ecological impacts of hydroelectric power plants?

Hydroelectric power plants can lead to loss of wildlife habitat, reduced downstream biological activity, and accumulation of sediment and pollutants.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the main disadvantages of diesel power plants?

Diesel power plants can release significant amounts of carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gas Turbine Engine

A combustion engine that converts gas or liquid fuel into mechanical energy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Open-cycle Gas Turbine

A type of gas turbine engine where the working fluid (air) is not recirculated.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Closed-cycle Gas Turbine

A type of gas turbine engine where the working fluid (air) is recirculated.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Brayton Cycle

A thermodynamic cycle used in gas turbines, also known as the Joule Cycle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Isentropic Compression

A thermodynamic process in the Brayton Cycle where the air is compressed with no heat exchange.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Constant pressure heat addition

A thermodynamic process where heat is added to the compressed air at constant pressure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Isentropic Expansion

A thermodynamic process in the Brayton Cycle where the air expands, generating power.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Constant pressure heat rejection

A thermodynamic process in the Brayton Cycle where heat is removed from the air at constant pressure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gas Turbine Power Plant Application

Used for peak loads in combination with other plants (hydro, thermo) and remote power generation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gas Turbine Power Plant Advantages (summary)

Low Weight, Fuel flexibility, Water efficiency, Low installation cost.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

MED 308: Power Plant Engineering

  • Course offered: Power Plant Engineering
  • Lecture number: 22
  • Date: 20 November 2024
  • Course unit: Diesel Engine and Gas Turbine Power Plants

Unit III: Diesel Engine and Gas Turbine Power Plants

  • Diesel engines: Named after Rudolf Diesel, also known as Compression Ignition Engines (CI Engines). They don't require spark plugs. Types include four-stroke, two-stroke, horizontal, vertical, single, and multi-cylinder.
  • Thermodynamic cycle: The Air Standard Cycle (Diesel Cycle). Key processes include Isentropic Compression (1-2), Constant Pressure Heat Addition (2-3), Isentropic Expansion (3-4), and Constant Volume Heat Rejection (4-1). Efficiency calculations based on heat supplied and rejected (Q1, Q2) depend on temperatures (T3, T4, T1, T2).
  • General layout and essential elements of the diesel engine power plant: Details of the components like Fuel Oil Pump, Air Filter, Fuel Injector, Diesel Engine, etc are shown in a diagram.

Typical applications, advantages, and disadvantages of a diesel engine power plant

  • Applications: Peak load plants, mobile load plants, and standby generators.
  • Advantages: Simple design and installation, lower space requirements, quick start-up and shutdown, inexpensive and easy maintenance.
  • Disadvantages: Higher operating expenses, restrained capacity, and potential noise and overload problems.

Gas turbine engines and their types

  • Gas turbine engines: Also known as Combustion Engines, converting fuels into mechanical energy. Types include open-cycle and closed-cycle.
  • Thermodynamic cycle: The Air Standard Cycle (Brayton Cycle or Joule Cycle). Key processes: Isentropic Compression (1-2), Constant Pressure Heat Addition (2-3), Isentropic Expansion (3-4), and Constant Pressure Heat Rejection (4-1). Efficiency linked to heat supply (Q1) and rejection (Q2), with temperatures (T3, T4, T1, T2).
  • Essential elements of a gas turbine power plant: Diagram shows components like Nozzle, Combustor, Coupling, Compressor, and Turbine among others, and their interactions.

Typical applications, advantages, and disadvantages of a gas turbine power plant.

  • Applications: Peak load plants, suitable for remote locations.
  • Advantages: Low size and weight per kW, flexibility in fuel types, and lower cooling water demand.
  • Disadvantages: High sensitivity to ambient conditions, large compressor requirements, and need for superior air/gas filters.

Unit IV: Environmental and Economic Aspects of Power Plants

  • Pollutants from different power plants: Table compares pollutants (SO2, NOx, CO2, Particulate Matter) emitted by various power plants (Fossil Fuel, Diesel, Gas Turbine, Nuclear). Nuclear plants release radioactive waste and have thermal pollution concerns.

Effects of Pollutants

  • Greenhouse Effect, Global Warming, Smog, Acid Rain: These issues impact aquatic life, illustrated with a diagram and relevant sources. The diagram demonstrates the consequences of these effects and their relationship to pollutants.
  • Environmental degradation due to hydro-power plant: Loss of wildlife habitat, reduced downstream biological activity, greenhouse gas production, water loss, and accumulation of sediments and pollutants. A hydro-power plant diagram illustrates the environmental impact and issues.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Lecture 22 (Self-study) MED 308 Power Plant Engineering PDF

Description

Explore the intricate details of diesel engine and gas turbine power plants in this MED 308 quiz. Focus on the fundamental concepts of thermodynamic cycles, engine types, and essential components. Test your knowledge of efficiency calculations and the general layout of power plants.

More Like This

Marine Diesel Engines
3 questions

Marine Diesel Engines

GoldForesight7167 avatar
GoldForesight7167
Diesel vs. Gasoline Engines Overview
5 questions

Diesel vs. Gasoline Engines Overview

WorthyBasilisk3884 avatar
WorthyBasilisk3884
Diesel Engines: Cars vs Trucks
5 questions

Diesel Engines: Cars vs Trucks

WorthyBasilisk3884 avatar
WorthyBasilisk3884
IMS Operation and Service of Diesel Engines
48 questions

IMS Operation and Service of Diesel Engines

HandierIambicPentameter avatar
HandierIambicPentameter
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser