32. Diabetes Mellitus Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which fasting blood glucose level is indicative of impaired glucose tolerance?

  • Greater than 100 mg/dL (5.5 mmol/L)
  • Greater than 110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L)
  • Less than 100 mg/dL (5.5 mmol/L)
  • Less than 110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L) but greater than 100 mg/dL (5.5 mmol/L) (correct)

    • What is the concordance rate of type 1 diabetes in monozygotic twins?

  • 90%
  • 40% to 50% (correct)
  • 100%
  • 80%

    • What is the main cause of insulin deficiency in type 1 diabetes?

  • Peripheral insulin resistance
  • Autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β cells (correct)
  • Aging and end-organ effects of genes
  • Lifestyle choices of food and physical activity

    • Which type of diabetes is associated with autoimmune diseases?

    <p>Type 1 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diabetes accounts for the majority (>90%) of diabetic patients in Europe and North America?

    <p>Type 2 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diabetes is susceptible to ketoacidosis if insulin is withheld?

    <p>Type 1 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diabetes is associated with a 15% prevalence of other autoimmune diseases?

    <p>Type 1 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major risk factor for diabetic patients undergoing surgery?

    <p>Cardiovascular dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the expected increase in diabetes prevalence over the next decade?

    <p>Excessive weight gain in adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of long-term, strict control of blood glucose levels and arterial blood pressure?

    <p>Major delay in microvascular complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of hyperinsulinemia in type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Postulated to be caused by hyperinsulinemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of poor preoperative glucose control in diabetic patients?

    <p>Independent predictor of worse perioperative outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the threshold for retinopathy? A1C

    <p>8.5% to 9.0% (12.5 mmol/L or 225 mg/dL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk for renal insufficiency in a person with type 1 diabetes and microalbuminuria greater than 29 mg/day?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the threshold for glycemic toxicity for cardiovascular disease?

    <p>5.4 mmol/L (96 mg/dL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the threshold at which the risk for microalbuminuria increases logarithmically?

    <p>8.1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the threshold for glycemic toxicity for retinopathy?

    <p>8.5% to 9.0% (12.5 mmol/L or 225 mg/dL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the threshold for glycemic toxicity for microalbuminuria?

    <p>8.1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the threshold for glycemic toxicity for cardiovascular disease?

    <p>5.4 mmol/L (96 mg/dL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the threshold for glycemic toxicity for microalbuminuria?

    <p>8.1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

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