Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the manifestations of diabetes mellitus?
What are the manifestations of diabetes mellitus?
What are the possible complications of diabetes mellitus?
What are the possible complications of diabetes mellitus?
What is the postprandial plasma glucose level in the case scenario?
What is the postprandial plasma glucose level in the case scenario?
What is the HbA1c level in the case scenario?
What is the HbA1c level in the case scenario?
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Which of the following is a side effect of sulphonylureas?
Which of the following is a side effect of sulphonylureas?
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What is the primary mechanism of action of metformin?
What is the primary mechanism of action of metformin?
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Which of the following is a potential side effect of glitazones?
Which of the following is a potential side effect of glitazones?
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What is the recommended initial management for the 16-year-old boy in the case scenario?
What is the recommended initial management for the 16-year-old boy in the case scenario?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Which of the following is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
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Study Notes
Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus
- Polyuria (frequent urination)
- Polydipsia (increased thirst)
- Polyphagia (increased hunger)
- Weight loss
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
- Microvascular complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy
- Macrovascular complications: cardiovascular disease, peripheral artery disease
- Infections: urinary tract infections, pneumonia, tuberculosis
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Hypoglycemia
Case Scenario: Postprandial Plasma Glucose Level
- 11.1 mmol/L
Case Scenario: HbA1c Level
- 8.5%
Side Effects of Sulphonylureas
- Hypoglycemia
- Gastrointestinal disturbances
- Weight gain
Mechanism of Action of Metformin
- Increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues
- Decreases glucose production in the liver
- Increases glucose uptake in skeletal muscles
Side Effects of Glitazones
- Weight gain
- Edema
- Anemia
- Increased risk of cardiovascular disease
Initial Management for 16-year-old Boy in Case Scenario
- Lifestyle modifications: diet, exercise, weight loss
- Education on diabetes management and prevention of complications
Characteristics of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
- Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
- Insulin deficiency
- Typically develops in childhood or adolescence
- Requires insulin therapy for survival
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Description
Test your knowledge of drug therapy for diabetes mellitus with this quiz. Learn about different insulin preparations, their mechanisms of action, dosage forms, and side effects. Explore the mechanisms and side effects of other diabetes medications like sulphonylureas, metformin, and acarbose.
