30 Questions
What is the primary advantage of using SPECT scans over PET scans?
Lower cost
How are radioisotopes able to cross the blood-brain barrier during SPECT scans?
Injection of a radiopharmaceutical agent via IV
Where is the patient positioned during a SPECT scan?
On an x-ray table in a quiet dark room
What type of information can SPECT scans provide?
True 3D information
In the provided text, what change in brain activity was observed in the three-year-old patient after 9 months?
Increased brain activity
What was the improvement observed in the three-year-old patient after 9 months?
Regained normal vision and improved neurological function
What is the purpose of the Vasopressin Administration Test?
To differentiate between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
What is the first-line treatment for chronic neurogenic diabetes insipidus?
Thiazide diuretic (HCTZ)
In the Vasopressin Administration Test, if there is a significant increase in urine osmolality, it indicates:
Central diabetes insipidus
What is the recommended treatment for both dehydration and hypernatremia after assessing fluid status and serum sodium levels?
Low-sodium diet with thiazide diuretics
When is DDAVP (nasal vasopressin) usually ineffective for treating diabetes insipidus?
In nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
What is the purpose of the Vasopressin Administration Test if there is a little to no increase in urine osmolality?
To differentiate between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
What is important to maintain for managing life-threatening hypocalcemia?
A patent IV line and calcium gluconate 10% solution
What is the purpose of administering anticonvulsants to a client with increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
To prevent seizures
What is a common symptom of neurologic disease?
Symptom-free periods
How is life-threatening hypocalcemia managed to raise calcium levels?
IV calcium gluconate
Why should the nurse instruct the client to avoid Valsalva's maneuver?
To avoid worsening intracranial pressure (ICP)
Why is it important to keep calcium gluconate 10% solution available?
For IV administration to raise calcium levels
How do hyperosmotic agents like Mannitol work in managing increased intracranial pressure?
By drawing fluid from brain cells
What is the purpose of corticosteroids in the management of increased intracranial pressure?
To stabilize cell membranes and reduce cerebral edema
What should be done to prevent seizures in the context of neurologic assessments?
Keep a tracheostomy set available
Which intervention is part of nursing management in neurology to watch out for cardiac complications?
Keep a tracheostomy set and endotracheal tube available
Why is it essential for the nurse to monitor electrolyte levels and acid-base balance in a client with increased intracranial pressure?
To ensure physiological stability and prevent complications
What is the role of beta blockers like Propranolol in managing intracranial pressure?
To maintain cerebral perfusion at a normal level
What is the term used for a stroke caused by a blood vessel leaking into the brain?
Hemorrhagic stroke
In the assessment of a stroke, which of the following is NOT considered a generalized sign?
Homonymous hemianopsia
Which stage of stroke development involves progressive symptom development over hours to days?
Stroke in evolution
What is the primary purpose of maintaining complete bed rest for a patient in the acute stage of a stroke?
Reduce stress on the brain
Which diagnostic test for stroke may show occlusion or malformation of blood vessels?
Cerebral arteriography
What is the main cause of permanent damage in a stroke according to the provided text?
Death of neurons due to interrupted blood flow
Learn about the procedures, interpretations, and purposes of the Vasopressin Administration Test and DDAVP Test used to diagnose different types of Diabetes Insipidus. Understand how these tests help differentiate central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
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