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Diabetes and Prediabetes: Definition and Diagnosis

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Diabetes and Prediabetes: Definition and Diagnosis

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Questions and Answers

What is diabetes mellitus characterized by?

The presence of hyperglycemia due to impairment of insulin secretion, defective insulin action or both (correct)

The presence of hypoglycemia due to enhancement of insulin secretion

The presence of hyperglycemia due to enhancement of insulin secretion, defective insulin action or both

The presence of hypoglycemia due to impairment of insulin secretion, defective insulin action or both

What is associated with the chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes?

A decreased risk for cardiovascular disease

An increased risk for cardiovascular disease (correct)

A decreased risk for microvascular complications

No association with cardiovascular disease or microvascular complications

What is the basis of the diagnostic criteria for diabetes?

Thresholds of insulin secretion that are associated with microvascular disease

Thresholds of glycemia that are associated with microvascular disease (correct)

Thresholds of insulin action that are associated with macrovascular disease

Thresholds of glycemia that are associated with macrovascular disease

What is the term 'prediabetes' referring to?

Impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or a glycated hemoglobin of 6.0% to 6.4% Signup and view all the answers

How many broad categories can the majority of cases of diabetes be classified into?

2 Signup and view all the answers

What is gestational diabetes referring to?

Glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of type 1 diabetes?

Pancreatic beta cell destruction with consequent insulin deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the small number of people with apparent type 2 diabetes who appear to have immune-mediated loss of pancreatic beta cells?

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) Signup and view all the answers

What is more common in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes compared to type 1 diabetes?

Obesity and physical signs of insulin resistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes in terms of ketoacidosis?

Type 1 diabetes is more prone to ketoacidosis, while type 2 diabetes is not Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of type 2 diabetes in terms of insulin resistance and secretory defect?

Predominant secretory defect with insulin resistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy?

Gestational diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers