Diabetes and Cystic Fibrosis: Key Facts

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Questions and Answers

Which type of tissue in the pancreas is solely concerned with digestion?

Islet tissue

Connective tissue

Endocrine tissue

Exocrine tissue (correct)

Which enzyme is NOT secreted by the exocrine tissue of the pancreas to aid digestion?

Trypsin

Lipase

Amylase

Insulin (correct)

What is the primary function of the pancreatic duct?

Regulating blood sugar levels

Secreting insulin

Aiding in digestion (correct)

Producing bile

In which part of the body does the pancreas secrete its digestive enzymes?

Small intestine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes is characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What is a common manifestation of pancreatic cystic fibrosis?

Malabsorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the endocrine tissue in the pancreas?

Regulation of glucose metabolism Signup and view all the answers

Which cell types in the pancreatic islets secrete insulin?

Beta cells Signup and view all the answers

What can cause acute pancreatitis?

Excessive alcohol consumption Signup and view all the answers

How is chronic pancreatitis diagnosed?

Elevated amylase/lipase in blood and imaging showing inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis (CF) primarily related to?

$\text{Defective transport of chloride, sodium, and water across cell membranes}$ Signup and view all the answers

What may future treatments for CF involve?

Gene therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary demographic affected by Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma (HHNK)?

Older, overweight, or obese adults Signup and view all the answers

What causes hypoglycemia in diabetes?

Insufficient or excessive insulin relative to carbohydrate intake Signup and view all the answers

How does the pancreas regulate blood glucose?

By adjusting insulin output Signup and view all the answers

What are some complications of diabetes?

Diabetic coma, arteriosclerosis, blindness, renal failure, and peripheral neuritis Signup and view all the answers

What causes gestational diabetes?

High placental hormone levels causing decreased responsiveness to insulin Signup and view all the answers

What are some causes of hyperglycemia other than diabetes?

Chronic pancreatic disease, endocrine diseases, drugs, and hereditary diseases Signup and view all the answers

What type of tumors of the pancreas may cause hyperinsulinism?

Islet cell tumors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of type 1 diabetes?

Insulin deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What may result in pancreatogenic diabetes?

Pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for cystic fibrosis that aims to prevent lung infections?

Prophylactic antibiotics Signup and view all the answers

What does prediabetes indicate?

Mild hyperglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What does insulin promote in cells?

$\text{Glucose entry into cells}$ Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Diabetes and Cystic Fibrosis: Key Facts

Cystic fibrosis treatment includes drug combinations for airway clearance therapy and prophylactic antibiotics to prevent lung infections
Severe lung damage may necessitate a lung transplant
Insulin promotes glucose entry into cells, utilization as energy, and storage as glycogen
Type 2 diabetes involves inadequate response to insulin and is increasingly common in children
Pancreatogenic diabetes may result from pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, autoimmunity, trauma, or resection
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insulin deficiency and primarily affects children and young adults
Prediabetes indicates mild hyperglycemia and the need for lifestyle changes or pharmacologic treatment
Diabetes mellitus affects 9% of the Canadian population and 25% of those over 65, leading to chronic dehydration and electrolyte imbalance
Hyperglycemia impacts carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism, causing acute and chronic diseases in multiple organ systems
Type 1 diabetes results from damage to pancreatic islets, possibly due to an abnormal humoral immune response and hereditary predisposition
Type 2 diabetes is a complex metabolic disease, increasingly prevalent among younger overweight individuals, with both hereditary and environmental factors at play
Diabetes and metabolic syndrome are linked to obesity, insulin resistance, blood lipid abnormalities, and hypertension

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Description

Test your knowledge of key facts related to diabetes and cystic fibrosis, including treatment, impact on the body, and prevalence. Explore the relationships between pancreatic health, insulin, and the development of diabetes.