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What does it indicate when a person attributes their success to their own abilities while blaming their failures on external factors?
What does it indicate when a person attributes their success to their own abilities while blaming their failures on external factors?
Which trait is likely low in a person who avoids new experiences and prefers a structured routine?
Which trait is likely low in a person who avoids new experiences and prefers a structured routine?
Which phenomenon is contradicted when a bystander decides to call for help after witnessing an accident because others are not acting?
Which phenomenon is contradicted when a bystander decides to call for help after witnessing an accident because others are not acting?
After discussing a political issue, a group of friends ends up with even stronger, more extreme views. This is an example of what?
After discussing a political issue, a group of friends ends up with even stronger, more extreme views. This is an example of what?
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What behavior describes a group member who does less work on a project believing others will take care of it?
What behavior describes a group member who does less work on a project believing others will take care of it?
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What is the first stage of Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development?
What is the first stage of Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development?
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At what age do children typically develop object permanence?
At what age do children typically develop object permanence?
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Which attachment style is characterized by distress when a caregiver leaves and joy upon their return?
Which attachment style is characterized by distress when a caregiver leaves and joy upon their return?
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What is the critical period in attachment theory?
What is the critical period in attachment theory?
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What is the main developmental task during adolescence according to Erikson’s theory?
What is the main developmental task during adolescence according to Erikson’s theory?
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During which stage do children typically enter Piaget's Concrete Operational Stage?
During which stage do children typically enter Piaget's Concrete Operational Stage?
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Jean Piaget identified which stage as involving abstract and hypothetical thinking?
Jean Piaget identified which stage as involving abstract and hypothetical thinking?
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Which researcher proposed that moral development progresses through stages based on reasoning rather than behavior?
Which researcher proposed that moral development progresses through stages based on reasoning rather than behavior?
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A toddler who gradually explores their environment after reassurance displays which attachment style?
A toddler who gradually explores their environment after reassurance displays which attachment style?
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When a 3-year-old identifies both a cat and a dog as 'dog', this is an example of which concept from Piaget?
When a 3-year-old identifies both a cat and a dog as 'dog', this is an example of which concept from Piaget?
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A 16-year-old who prioritizes their friends over family during a vacation aligns with which of Erikson's stages?
A 16-year-old who prioritizes their friends over family during a vacation aligns with which of Erikson's stages?
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Which parenting style is characterized by fostering independence in a teenager who manages their responsibilities well?
Which parenting style is characterized by fostering independence in a teenager who manages their responsibilities well?
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What psychosocial development stage is reflected when a 45-year-old leaves a high paying job to volunteer?
What psychosocial development stage is reflected when a 45-year-old leaves a high paying job to volunteer?
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What influence leads a teenager to join a rebellious group for social acceptance?
What influence leads a teenager to join a rebellious group for social acceptance?
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Which structure of personality, according to Freud, dominates behavior when moral standards are prioritized?
Which structure of personality, according to Freud, dominates behavior when moral standards are prioritized?
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In Jung's theory, what serves as universal themes that are shared among people?
In Jung's theory, what serves as universal themes that are shared among people?
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What is the primary focus of Freud's psychodynamic theory?
What is the primary focus of Freud's psychodynamic theory?
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What does Karen Horney attribute as the root cause of basic anxiety?
What does Karen Horney attribute as the root cause of basic anxiety?
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According to Maslow, which level of the hierarchy pertains to self-fulfillment?
According to Maslow, which level of the hierarchy pertains to self-fulfillment?
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Which concept does Carl Rogers emphasize as essential for personal growth?
Which concept does Carl Rogers emphasize as essential for personal growth?
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Who is credited with developing the 16 Personality Factor model?
Who is credited with developing the 16 Personality Factor model?
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According to Horney, what does Rachel's struggle with intimacy and strong independence suggest?
According to Horney, what does Rachel's struggle with intimacy and strong independence suggest?
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Which Big Five trait best characterizes Emily, who often worries and experiences mood swings?
Which Big Five trait best characterizes Emily, who often worries and experiences mood swings?
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What term describes adjusting one’s behavior to align with a group standard?
What term describes adjusting one’s behavior to align with a group standard?
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What does Thomas's confidence in delivering a successful speech reflect, despite his lack of experience?
What does Thomas's confidence in delivering a successful speech reflect, despite his lack of experience?
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In Milgram’s obedience study, participants were instructed to:
In Milgram’s obedience study, participants were instructed to:
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What is the primary focus of social psychology?
What is the primary focus of social psychology?
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In a meeting, silence regarding doubts about a risky decision exemplifies which phenomenon?
In a meeting, silence regarding doubts about a risky decision exemplifies which phenomenon?
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What is cognitive dissonance?
What is cognitive dissonance?
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Which type of attribution blames behavior on external circumstances?
Which type of attribution blames behavior on external circumstances?
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Emma's change in behavior at a concert reflects which psychological concept?
Emma's change in behavior at a concert reflects which psychological concept?
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What persuasion strategy is illustrated when Lisa makes a small donation and then is asked for a larger one?
What persuasion strategy is illustrated when Lisa makes a small donation and then is asked for a larger one?
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Jack donates to charity because he believes it’s the right thing to do, even when no one is watching. This reflects which form of motivation?
Jack donates to charity because he believes it’s the right thing to do, even when no one is watching. This reflects which form of motivation?
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Kate experiences reduced accountability for a team's outcome due to what concept?
Kate experiences reduced accountability for a team's outcome due to what concept?
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During a debate, James attributes his opponent’s stance to their lack of knowledge but credits his own position to extensive research. This demonstrates:
During a debate, James attributes his opponent’s stance to their lack of knowledge but credits his own position to extensive research. This demonstrates:
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Karen continues to follow her boss’s unethical orders because she fears losing her job. This illustrates:
Karen continues to follow her boss’s unethical orders because she fears losing her job. This illustrates:
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What persuasion technique is demonstrated when a salesperson offers an expensive item first?
What persuasion technique is demonstrated when a salesperson offers an expensive item first?
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The bystander effect occurs when individuals in a group are less likely to help someone in distress because they believe:
The bystander effect occurs when individuals in a group are less likely to help someone in distress because they believe:
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What was a primary conclusion of Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment?
What was a primary conclusion of Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment?
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A group witnesses a theft but fails to act, believing someone else will intervene. This illustrates:
A group witnesses a theft but fails to act, believing someone else will intervene. This illustrates:
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Study Notes
Developmental Psychology
- Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Development: The first stage is Trust vs. Mistrust.
- Jean Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development: The stage involving abstract and hypothetical thinking is Formal Operational.
- Attachment Theory: The critical period is a sensitive phase for forming emotional bonds.
- Object Permanence: Develops between 8-12 months.
- Attachment Styles: A secure attachment is demonstrated by a child crying when the mother leaves the room, but calming down when she returns.
Developmental Psychology (Continued)
- Adolescence: The main developmental task is establishing identity.
- Moral Development: The researcher that proposed moral development progresses through stages based on reasoning rather than behavior is Lawrence Kohlberg.
- Piaget's Concrete Operational Stage: Occurs between ages 7-11.
- Cognitive Development of a 5-year-old: A 5-year-old struggles to understand the perspective of others, a hallmark of the preoperational stage.
Personality Psychology
- Freud's Psychodynamic Theory: The primary focus is on unconscious motives and conflicts.
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: The highest level is self-actualization.
- Jung's Theory of Personality: The collective unconscious includes universal themes known as archetypes.
- Carl Rogers: Emphasized the importance of unconditional positive regard for personal growth.
- Personality Factors: The 16 Personality Factor (16PF) model was developed by Raymond Cattell.
- High Openness to Experience: People with high openness are likely to enjoy creative activities.
- Low Neuroticism: People with low neuroticism remain calm under pressure.
Social Psychology
- Conformity: Adjusting one's behavior to align with a group standard.
- Obedience: Following orders from an authority figure.
- Cognitive Dissonance: Tension caused by conflicting attitudes or behaviors.
- Diffusion of Responsibility: The tendency for individuals to feel less responsible when others are present.
- Groupthink: Avoiding disrupting group harmony to avoid conflict resulting in poor decisions.
- Group Polarization: Holding stronger opinions after a group discussion.
- Social Loafing: Individuals doing less work in a group because another member will pick up the slack.
- Bystander Effect: The tendency to be less likely to help someone in distress when others are present.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key theories in developmental psychology, including Erikson's psychosocial stages, Piaget's cognitive development, and attachment theory. Explore concepts like trust and mistrust, object permanence, and moral development as you assess your understanding of human growth through different stages.
