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Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements is similar to Plato's view on the question of nature and nurture in development?
Which of the following statements is similar to Plato's view on the question of nature and nurture in development?
In a cross-sectional design:
In a cross-sectional design:
Which of the following statements is true about the role of nature in development?
Which of the following statements is true about the role of nature in development?
How in the deserted island example did we evaluate the effect of nurture on development?
How in the deserted island example did we evaluate the effect of nurture on development?
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Which of the following statements best explains epigenetics?
Which of the following statements best explains epigenetics?
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Prenatal screening tests typically occur early in pregnancy.
Prenatal screening tests typically occur early in pregnancy.
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Of all of the senses, ______________ is the least developed before birth.
Of all of the senses, ______________ is the least developed before birth.
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One way in which genes and environment work together in development is through niche-picking. An example of niche-picking is:
One way in which genes and environment work together in development is through niche-picking. An example of niche-picking is:
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Which of the following has the longest sensitivity period for teratogens?
Which of the following has the longest sensitivity period for teratogens?
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Which of the following statements is true about newborns' visual acuity?
Which of the following statements is true about newborns' visual acuity?
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The development of the use of monocular depth cues, or cues that can be used even with just one eye, can be measured by:
The development of the use of monocular depth cues, or cues that can be used even with just one eye, can be measured by:
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Joyce is interested in whether infants can tell the differences between male faces and female faces. Which of the following is most like what Joyce probably did in her study?
Joyce is interested in whether infants can tell the differences between male faces and female faces. Which of the following is most like what Joyce probably did in her study?
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Ndidi is interested in how infants come to understand that the same object can be experienced in different modalities. Ndidi's view is closest to which of the following theories?
Ndidi is interested in how infants come to understand that the same object can be experienced in different modalities. Ndidi's view is closest to which of the following theories?
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According to a maturational explanation of motor development, the fact that infants progress through motor milestones in roughly the same order is due to:
According to a maturational explanation of motor development, the fact that infants progress through motor milestones in roughly the same order is due to:
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One piece of evidence that supports the nativist view of language development is:
One piece of evidence that supports the nativist view of language development is:
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The story of Genie, the child who was raised without exposure to language, helps to illustrate which aspect of language development?
The story of Genie, the child who was raised without exposure to language, helps to illustrate which aspect of language development?
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One hypothesis is that language is learned primarily as a part of social interactions. What behaviors are observed in infancy that support this hypothesis?
One hypothesis is that language is learned primarily as a part of social interactions. What behaviors are observed in infancy that support this hypothesis?
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Children have several biases, or constraints, for helping them to learn the meanings of new words. This constraint is called:
Children have several biases, or constraints, for helping them to learn the meanings of new words. This constraint is called:
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When children use words like 'goed' or 'feets':
When children use words like 'goed' or 'feets':
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Study Notes
Nature vs. Nurture
- Plato believed children are born with innate knowledge, contrasting with the view that infants start as blank slates.
- The role of nature in development encompasses all biological and genetic factors influencing growth.
Research Designs
- Cross-sectional design involves studying different age groups at the same time, allowing comparison across developmental stages.
- Nurture's effects can be assessed through examples like children with identical genes experiencing varied environments.
Epigenetics
- Epigenetics illustrates the dynamic interaction between genetics and environmental influences in shaping development.
Prenatal Development
- Prenatal screening tests are commonly performed early in pregnancy to assess genetic risks for the fetus.
- Sight is the least developed sense prior to birth, with newborns having very poor visual acuity that improves rapidly.
Motor and Sensory Development
- Niche-picking allows children to select environments and experiences that complement their natural tendencies.
- The central nervous system has the longest sensitivity period for teratogens, indicating critical development stages.
Visual and Auditory Perception
- Newborns' visual acuity is characterized by rapid development, transitioning from very poor vision.
- Visual preference procedures assess infants' ability to differentiate between male and female faces.
Theories of Development
- Intermodal perception, or intersensory redundancy, explains how infants integrate information from different sensory modalities.
- Motor development follows a genetic blueprint, with infants progressing through milestones in a consistent order.
Language Development
- The nativist perspective argues that language is uniquely human, with critical periods influencing language acquisition.
- Development can be fostered through social interactions, with behaviors such as parent-child engagement supporting language learning.
Constraints in Language Learning
- Children exhibit biases when learning new words, such as assuming unfamiliar words reference objects without existing labels, known as the mutual exclusivity constraint.
- Overregularization is evident when children incorrectly apply language rules, such as using "goed" instead of "went."
Key Takeaways
- Understanding the interplay of nature and nurture, the importance of epigenetics, and the critical roles of social interaction and sensory development are essential in child development studies.
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Description
Explore the fascinating debate of nature versus nurture in developmental psychology. This quiz delves into the impact of genetics, environment, and epigenetics on growth and development through various research designs and stages. Test your knowledge on prenatal development, sensory growth, and the interplay between biology and environment.
