EMBRIOLOGY_Development of the Urinary System
75 Questions
6 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

In which sequence do the three generations of kidneys develop chronologically?

  • Metanephros, mesonephros, pronephros
  • Pronephros, mesonephros, metanephros (correct)
  • Mesonephros, metanephros, pronephros
  • Mesonephros, pronephros, metanephros

    • Which structure is responsible for urine production and collecting ducts?

  • Urogenital ridge
  • Nephrogenic cord (correct)
  • Paraxial mesoderm
  • Gonadal ridge

    • Which excretory organ is limited to the embryonic stage of fish and amphibians?

  • Metanephros
  • Pronephros (correct)
  • Nephrogenic cord
  • Mesonephros

    • What is the embryological origin of the urinary system?

    <p>Intermediate mesoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the proliferation of metanephric mesoderm in the development of the urinary system in embryos?

    <p>Formation of functional nephrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the metanephric tubule expand to form in the development of the urinary system in embryos?

    <p>Renal corpuscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of polycystic kidney disease?

    <p>Development of multiple cysts within the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the kidney to be initially lobulated during development?

    <p>Ramification of collecting system within nephric blastema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the partition of the cloaca form during urinary system development?

    <p>Urinary bladder and urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three phases of kidney development?

    <p>Pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is responsible for conveying the primary urine in nephrons?

    <p>Nephric tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives rise to the definitive urinary collecting system and the nephrons in the metanephros?

    <p>Ureteric bud and metanephric blastema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which generation of renal primordia briefly develops in the cervical region?

    <p>Pronephros</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for distension and dilation of the collecting system in hydronephrosis?

    <p>Obstruction of free flow of urine from the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system removes toxins from fetal blood in-utero?

    <p>Placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional adult kidney in most fish and amphibians?

    <p>Mesonephros</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component responsible for forming nephric tubules?

    <p>Mesoderm of the nephrogenic cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for giving rise to a substantially increased number of nephrons in the metanephros?

    <p>Ureteric bud and metanephric blastema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes hydronephrosis?

    <p>Obstruction of free flow of urine from the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the components required for kidney development?

    <p>Filtration system and collecting system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for forming the definitive kidney in reptiles, birds, and mammals?

    <p>Metanephros</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pronephros is the most advanced of the three excretory organs in mammals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The urogenital system includes only the urinary and genital organs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The urogenital ridge forms a nephrogenic cord and a gonadal ridge.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephros is the first generation of kidneys to develop chronologically.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kidney development involves four phases: pronephros, mesonephros, metanephros, and neonephros.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mesonephros becomes the definitive kidney in reptiles, birds, and mammals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The definitive kidney in reptiles, birds, and mammals is formed by the mesonephros.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pronephros and mesonephros develop briefly in the cervical region.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mesonephros eventually degenerates and is replaced by the pronephros.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephros consists of a decreased number of nephrons compared to the mesonephros.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephros originates from the ureteric bud and the metanephric blastema.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydronephrosis refers to distension and dilation of the filtration system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The collecting system in hydronephrosis is usually obstructed, leading to free flow of urine from the kidney.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydronephrosis can only be acquired and not congenital.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephros gives rise to the definitive urinary collecting system and the nephrons.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nephrons are composed of glomeruli that filter the blood to the Bowman's glomerular capsule.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Metanephric tubule elongates to form the loop of Henle, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and eventually joins the collecting ducts.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder resulting in the development of multiple cysts within the kidneys.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The partition of the cloaca forms the urogenital sinus, which connects with the umbilical portion of the allantois and later differentiates into the urinary bladder and the urethra.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The urogenital sinus connects with the allantoic cavity through the urachus, which may persist as a patent urachus, leading to urachal fistula and urachal cysts.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The urinary bladder and urethra develop from the cranial end of the urogenital sinus and the adjacent region of the urachus, with separate openings for the mesonephric duct and the ureter.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ectopic ureter is a congenital anomaly in which the ureter opens into the urethra or vagina instead of the bladder, causing congenital incontinence.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The urethra develops from the urogenital sinus, with gender-specific differences in its development.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In males, the mid and caudal regions of the urogenital sinus become the pelvic urethra, which is prolonged by an additional part, the penile urethra, formed inside the penis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ramification of the collecting system within the nephric blastema causes the kidney to be lobulated initially, with species-specific variations in the fusion of foetal lobes affecting the mature kidney's appearance.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In females, the midregion of the urogenital sinus becomes the urethra and the caudal region becomes part of the vagina.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephric mesoderm proliferates to form cellular aggregates, which go through stages to form metanephric tubules, leading to the formation of functional nephrons.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephric tubule expands to form a glomerular capsule and a capillary glomerulus known as the renal corpuscle.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kidney development involves three generations of kidneys that develop chronologically, in cranial-caudal sequence: ______­, mesonephros, and metanephros

    <p>pronephros</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The intermediate mesoderm forms a urogenital ridge, consisting of a laterally-positioned nephrogenic cord (it will become the kidneys and ureters) and a medially-positioned gonadal ridge (for gonads and genital tract formation). Because of their common embryological origin, the urinary and genital organs share some common structures and pathways, and together can be referred to as the ______ system

    <p>urogenital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pronephros is the most basic of the three excretory organs; it is limited to the embryonic stage of fish and amphibians; in mammals, pronephric structures are vestigial and not functional, except in ______

    <p>sheep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephros gives rise to the definitive urinary collecting system and the ______

    <p>nephrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kidney development requires the formation of two components: the filtration system and the ______ system

    <p>collecting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ becomes the functional adult kidney in most fish and amphibians, consisting of an increased number of functional units called mesonephric nephrons

    <p>mesonephros</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephros consists of a substantially increased number of nephrons, usually from thousands to ______

    <p>millions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephros originates from the ureteric bud and the metanephric blastema, giving rise to the definitive urinary ______ system and the nephrons

    <p>collecting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydronephrosis refers to distension and dilation of the collecting system, usually caused by obstruction of the free flow of ______ from the kidney, and can be acquired or congenital

    <p>urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kidney development involves three phases: pronephros, mesonephros, and ______, with the latter forming the definitive kidney in reptiles, birds, and mammals

    <p>metanephros</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pronephros is the most basic of the three generations of renal primordia, developing briefly in the ______ region

    <p>cervical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mesonephros eventually degenerates and is replaced by the metanephros, which develops as the adult kidney in reptiles, birds, and ______

    <p>mammals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephros originates from the ______ bud and the metanephric blastema, giving rise to the definitive urinary collecting system and the nephrons

    <p>ureteric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mesonephros becomes the functional adult kidney in most fish and amphibians, consisting of an increased number of functional units called ______ nephrons

    <p>mesonephric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Metanephric mesoderm proliferates to form cellular aggregates, which go through stages to form metanephric tubules, leading to the formation of functional ______

    <p>nephrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephric tubule expands to form a glomerular capsule and a capillary glomerulus known as the renal ______

    <p>corpuscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metanephric tubule elongates to form the loop of Henle, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and eventually joins the collecting ______

    <p>ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder resulting in the development of multiple cysts within the ______

    <p>kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ramification of the collecting system within the nephric blastema causes the kidney to be lobulated initially, with species-specific variations in the fusion of foetal lobes affecting the mature kidney's ______

    <p>appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The partition of the cloaca forms the urogenital sinus, which connects with the umbilical portion of the allantois and later differentiates into the urinary bladder and the ______

    <p>urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The urinary bladder and urethra develop from the cranial end of the urogenital sinus and the adjacent region of the urachus, with separate openings for the mesonephric duct and the ______

    <p>ureter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ectopic ureter is a congenital anomaly in which the ureter opens into the urethra or vagina instead of the bladder, causing congenital ______

    <p>incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The urethra develops from the urogenital sinus, with gender-specific differences in its ______

    <p>development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In females, the midregion of the urogenital sinus becomes the urethra and the caudal region becomes part of the ______

    <p>vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In males, the mid and caudal regions of the urogenital sinus become the pelvic urethra, which is prolonged by an additional part, the penile urethra, formed inside the ______

    <p>penis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The partition of the cloaca forms the ______

    <p>urogenital sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Development of the Urinary System in Vertebrates

    • The urinary and genital systems develop from the intermediate mesoderm, forming the urogenital ridge.
    • Kidney development involves three phases: pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros, with the latter forming the definitive kidney in reptiles, birds, and mammals.
    • In-utero, kidneys may not be essential due to the placenta's ability to remove toxins from the fetal blood.
    • Kidney development requires the formation of two components: the filtration system and the collecting system.
    • Nephrons are composed of glomeruli that filter the blood to the Bowman's glomerular capsule, and the primary urine is conveyed by nephric tubules.
    • The pronephros and mesonephros share a similar developmental process, with the mesoderm of the nephrogenic cord undergoing segmentation to form nephric tubules.
    • The pronephros is the most basic of the three generations of renal primordia, developing briefly in the cervical region.
    • The mesonephros becomes the functional adult kidney in most fish and amphibians, consisting of an increased number of functional units called mesonephric nephrons.
    • The mesonephros eventually degenerates and is replaced by the metanephros, which develops as the adult kidney in reptiles, birds, and mammals.
    • The metanephros consists of a substantially increased number of nephrons, usually from thousands to millions.
    • The metanephros originates from the ureteric bud and the metanephric blastema, giving rise to the definitive urinary collecting system and the nephrons.
    • Hydronephrosis refers to distension and dilation of the collecting system, usually caused by obstruction of the free flow of urine from the kidney, and can be acquired or congenital.

    Development of the Urinary System in Embryos

    • Metanephric mesoderm proliferates to form cellular aggregates, which go through stages to form metanephric tubules, leading to the formation of functional nephrons.
    • The metanephric tubule expands to form a glomerular capsule and a capillary glomerulus known as the renal corpuscle.
    • The metanephric tubule elongates to form the loop of Henle, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and eventually joins the collecting ducts.
    • Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder resulting in the development of multiple cysts within the kidneys.
    • The ramification of the collecting system within the nephric blastema causes the kidney to be lobulated initially, with species-specific variations in the fusion of foetal lobes affecting the mature kidney's appearance.
    • The partition of the cloaca forms the urogenital sinus, which connects with the umbilical portion of the allantois and later differentiates into the urinary bladder and the urethra.
    • The urogenital sinus connects with the allantoic cavity through the urachus, which may persist as a patent urachus, leading to urachal fistula and urachal cysts.
    • The urinary bladder and urethra develop from the cranial end of the urogenital sinus and the adjacent region of the urachus, with separate openings for the mesonephric duct and the ureter.
    • Ectopic ureter is a congenital anomaly in which the ureter opens into the urethra or vagina instead of the bladder, causing congenital incontinence.
    • The urethra develops from the urogenital sinus, with gender-specific differences in its development.
    • In females, the midregion of the urogenital sinus becomes the urethra and the caudal region becomes part of the vagina.
    • In males, the mid and caudal regions of the urogenital sinus become the pelvic urethra, which is prolonged by an additional part, the penile urethra, formed inside the penis.

    Development of the Urinary System in Embryos

    • Metanephric mesoderm proliferates to form cellular aggregates, which go through stages to form metanephric tubules, leading to the formation of functional nephrons.
    • The metanephric tubule expands to form a glomerular capsule and a capillary glomerulus known as the renal corpuscle.
    • The metanephric tubule elongates to form the loop of Henle, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and eventually joins the collecting ducts.
    • Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder resulting in the development of multiple cysts within the kidneys.
    • The ramification of the collecting system within the nephric blastema causes the kidney to be lobulated initially, with species-specific variations in the fusion of foetal lobes affecting the mature kidney's appearance.
    • The partition of the cloaca forms the urogenital sinus, which connects with the umbilical portion of the allantois and later differentiates into the urinary bladder and the urethra.
    • The urogenital sinus connects with the allantoic cavity through the urachus, which may persist as a patent urachus, leading to urachal fistula and urachal cysts.
    • The urinary bladder and urethra develop from the cranial end of the urogenital sinus and the adjacent region of the urachus, with separate openings for the mesonephric duct and the ureter.
    • Ectopic ureter is a congenital anomaly in which the ureter opens into the urethra or vagina instead of the bladder, causing congenital incontinence.
    • The urethra develops from the urogenital sinus, with gender-specific differences in its development.
    • In females, the midregion of the urogenital sinus becomes the urethra and the caudal region becomes part of the vagina.
    • In males, the mid and caudal regions of the urogenital sinus become the pelvic urethra, which is prolonged by an additional part, the penile urethra, formed inside the penis.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Urinary System PDF

    Description

    Learn about the three stages in kidney development and the origin of structures responsible for urine production and collecting ducts. Explore abnormalities in the development of the urinary system.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser