Anatomy LE 2: Introduction to Embryology
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Questions and Answers

What is the age of the embryo when the mesodermal germ layer starts developing?

  • 21 days
  • 15 days
  • 17 days (correct)
  • 19 days

    • What is the mesoderm divided into in terms of layers?

  • Three parts: paraxial, intermediate, and lateral plate (correct)
  • Five parts: paraxial, intermediate, lateral plate, somatic, and splanchnic
  • Two layers: somatic and splanchnic
  • Four parts: paraxial, intermediate, lateral plate, and notochordal process

    • What is the most medial part of the mesoderm?

  • Intermediate mesoderm
  • Splanchnic mesoderm
  • Paraxial mesoderm (correct)
  • Lateral plate mesoderm

    • What is the function of the notochordal process?

    <p>It is responsible for the formation of the neural folds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the layer that lines the intra-embryonic cavity?

    <p>Somatic mesoderm layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the cavity that is continuous with the extra embryonic cavity on each side of the embryo?

    <p>Intra-embryonic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the two layers that the lateral plate mesoderm is divided into?

    <p>Somatic and splanchnic mesoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three germ cell layers represented by in the 3D cross-section of a developing embryo?

    <p>Blue - ectoderm, Red - mesoderm, Yellow - endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the intervertebral disc?

    <p>Fibrocartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the nucleus pulposus?

    <p>To act as a shock absorber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the vertebral column?

    <p>Mesodermal germ layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the remnant of the notochord in the adult human?

    <p>Nucleus pulposus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the annulus fibrosus?

    <p>More collagen fibers and less ground substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the derivative of the epithelial lining of the primitive gut?

    <p>Endodermal germ layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which the sclerotomes migrate and surround the spinal cord and the notochord?

    <p>Migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the component of the somites that develops into the vertebral column?

    <p>Sclerotome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the muscles innervated by the C5 spinal nerve?

    <p>Abduction and lateral rotation of the shoulder, and elbow and shoulder flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the result of an injury to the C5 spinal root?

    <p>Weakness and paralysis of abduction and lateral rotation of the shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a dermatome?

    <p>A cutaneous sensory territory of a single spinal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a myotome?

    <p>A group of muscles innervated by a single spinal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms from the somites during development?

    <p>Sclerotome, myotome, and dermatome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the segmentation of the neural tube and somite divisions during development?

    <p>It determines the innervation of the structures from the somites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the dermatomal maps?

    <p>They show the cutaneous structures following their segmentation on the skin surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the nerve supply of the structures from the somites during development?

    <p>They retain their innervation from their segment of origin regardless of cell migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the epithelial lining of the GIT and respiratory tract?

    <p>Endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the parenchyma of thyroid, parathyroid, liver, and pancreas?

    <p>Endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the reticular stroma of tonsils and thymus?

    <p>Endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the cells inside the tonsils and thymus?

    <p>Mesoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the epithelial lining of the urinary bladder and urethra?

    <p>Endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the epithelial lining of the tympanic cavity and auditory (Eustachian) tube?

    <p>Endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of median plane folding in embryonic development?

    <p>Cranial and caudal folds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the innermost layer of the trilaminar embryonic disc?

    <p>Endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary result of embryonic folding during the 4th week of development?

    <p>The transformation of the flat trilaminar disc into a cylinder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which plane does cephalocaudal folding occur?

    <p>Median plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the closure of the ventral body wall, except at the umbilical region?

    <p>The incorporation of the endodermal layer into the embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of lateral folding in embryonic development?

    <p>To form the lateral body walls and fuse at the midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the embryo's rapid growth during the 4th week of development?

    <p>The transformation of the embryo into a cylinder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the fusion of the lateral body walls at the midline?

    <p>The formation of the ventral body wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the orientation of the embryo after cephalocaudal folding?

    <p>Cephalic and caudal ends fold ventrally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the amnion and the lateral folds during embryonic development?

    <p>The amnion is pulled down with the lateral folds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the incorporation of the endodermal layer into the embryo?

    <p>The formation of the primitive gut tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of the period of rapid growth during embryonic development?

    <p>The 4th week of development</p> Signup and view all the answers

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