Dermatology Quiz: Erythema & Urticaria
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common trigger for Erythema Multiforme?

  • Environmental Allergens
  • Bacterial Infections
  • Medications
  • Herpes Simplex Virus (correct)

    • Which of the following symptoms distinguishes Stevens-Johnson Syndrome from Erythema Multiforme?

  • Symmetrical distribution of lesions
  • Severe blistering and necrosis (correct)
  • Fatigue and fever
  • Target-like skin lesions

    • What is the main treatment approach for Urticaria?

  • Topical corticosteroids
  • Antibiotics
  • Oral steroids
  • Antihistamines (correct)

    • Which type of dermatitis is primarily caused by contact with irritants?

    <p>Primary Irritant Contact Dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which stage does a Decubitus Ulcer show full thickness skin and tissue loss with visible muscle or bone?

    <p>Stage IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment approach for cellulitis?

    <p>Antibiotics based on the suspected organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of erysipelas?

    <p>Sharp pain in the joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of wart is known to cause pinpoint bleeding when trimmed?

    <p>Plantar warts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a massage therapist do if signs of cellulitis are observed in a client?

    <p>Refer the client to their healthcare provider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about chickenpox is true?

    <p>Vaccination is recommended at 12-15 months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should clients with genital warts avoid direct contact during a massage?

    <p>They are highly contagious.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is consistent with herpes zoster (shingles)?

    <p>Pain with even light touch along the dermatomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main form of treatment for molluscum contagiosum?

    <p>Most lesions resolve spontaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common trigger for recurrent herpes simplex virus infections?

    <p>Excessive sunlight exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are primary skin lesions characterized by?

    <p>Changes to the skin in direct response to a disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common trigger for acne vulgaris?

    <p>Hormonal changes such as puberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of pustules associated with folliculitis?

    <p>Formation of pustules around hair follicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of pseudofolliculitis barbae?

    <p>Ingrown beard hairs causing irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the common microorganisms involved in causing impetigo?

    <p>Streptococcus bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided to prevent aggravating acne vulgaris during massage therapy?

    <p>Application of warm packs over the affected area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lesion is characterized by scaled or crusty formations that usually arise from primary lesions?

    <p>Scales or crust from secondary skin lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common treatment for Tinea (Ringworm)?

    <p>Antifungal creams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common risk factor for developing fungal infections of the skin?

    <p>Immunosuppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signs and symptoms of Candidiasis in males?

    <p>Painful red lesions with raised white borders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which areas are commonly affected by Tinea Versicolor?

    <p>Patches of skin with discolouration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment method is recommended for Scabies?

    <p>Hydrocortisone cream for pruritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken if a massage therapist has treated a client with Scabies?

    <p>Postpone treatment until the infestation is clear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Psoriasis?

    <p>Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common sign might indicate Tinea (Ringworm) infection?

    <p>Circular rash surrounded by an outer ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the etiological agent of Candidiasis?

    <p>Candida albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a local contraindication for massage therapy?

    <p>Molluscum Contagiosum lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication that may develop in patients with plaque psoriasis?

    <p>Psoriatic arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for psoriasis?

    <p>Daily intense exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common affected area in patients with rosacea?

    <p>Face, particularly the middle one-third</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trigger is associated with worsening symptoms in rosacea?

    <p>Direct sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In hidradenitis suppurativa, which symptom is commonly observed?

    <p>Small, swollen nodules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary challenge in treating hidradenitis suppurativa?

    <p>It often leads to significant scarring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about drug eruptions is accurate?

    <p>They can present with varying skin reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of psoriatic arthritis?

    <p>Joint stiffness and pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a local contraindication when considering massage for psoriasis?

    <p>Broken skin at lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common comorbidity linked with rosacea?

    <p>Chronic migraines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most prevalent symptom associated with Erythema Multiforme?

    <p>Target-shaped lesions on the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by a life-threatening reaction involving necrosis of the dermis?

    <p>Stevens-Johnson Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Urticaria?

    <p>Allergic reactions to irritants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Decubitus Ulcers shows partial thickness skin loss with exposed dermis?

    <p>Stage II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What commonly triggers Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD)?

    <p>Contact with metals or chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a lesion?

    <p>Any variation from normal tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a primary skin lesion?

    <p>It is a direct response to a disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of acne vulgaris?

    <p>It involves an obstruction of pilosebaceous units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is confirmed to be effective for severe cases of acne vulgaris?

    <p>Isotretinoin (Accutane)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates pseudofolliculitis barbae from folliculitis barbae?

    <p>Pseudofolliculitis typically has sterile papules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical symptom of impetigo?

    <p>Honey-colored crust resulting from ruptured lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common complication of furuncles and carbuncles?

    <p>Spread of infection leading to localized tissue involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about cellulitis is true?

    <p>Cellulitis is not contagious.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic feature describes erysipelas?

    <p>A sharply demarcated, raised border.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of wart is recognized as the most common viral STI?

    <p>Genital warts (condyloma acuminata)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment is typically recommended for chickenpox?

    <p>Oatmeal baths and antihistamines to alleviate symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the approach for massage therapy in cases of herpes zoster (shingles)?

    <p>If the therapist is unvaccinated and has never had chickenpox, no contact is allowed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects the prognosis of untreated cellulitis?

    <p>It can become life-threatening as it spreads to the bloodstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus causes molluscum contagiosum?

    <p>Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the systemic symptoms commonly associated with herpes zoster?

    <p>Malaise, nausea, diarrhea, and fever.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary treatment exists for herpes simplex virus infections?

    <p>Topical antiviral creams to reduce symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common treatment for Tinea (Ringworm)?

    <p>Topical antifungal creams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area is NOT considered an ideal medium for fungal pathogens that affect the skin?

    <p>Back of the hand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of Molluscum Contagiosum (MC)?

    <p>It is a local contraindication for massage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is TRUE regarding Candidiasis treatment?

    <p>Topical antifungal creams are usually the first choice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is associated with scabies infestations?

    <p>Severe, persistent pruritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should massage therapy be postponed for clients with scabies?

    <p>It transfers the infestation through direct contact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lice is most commonly transmitted through shared personal items?

    <p>Head louse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a typical manifestation of Tinea Versicolor?

    <p>Hypo- or hyperpigmented patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk factor for developing psoriasis?

    <p>Smoking and alcohol use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What notable feature is often observed during the physical examination of psoriasis?

    <p>Erythematous plaques with silvery scales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of psoriatic arthritis?

    <p>Swelling and tenderness of joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a common symptom of rosacea?

    <p>Persistent facial erythema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a known trigger for flare-ups in rosacea?

    <p>Direct sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is typically NOT recommended for psoriasis?

    <p>Systematic exercise program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients with hidradenitis suppurativa, what is a common symptom?

    <p>Swollen painful nodules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a local contraindication for massage therapy in psoriasis?

    <p>Presence of broken skin at lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary etiology of hidradenitis suppurativa?

    <p>Idiopathic follicle blockage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment is advised for chronic cases of hidradenitis suppurativa?

    <p>Topical antibiotics and steroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential complication may arise from plaque psoriasis?

    <p>Development of psoriatic arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary phase of rosacea characterized by persistent redness?

    <p>Vascular stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Integumentary Pathology

    • Integumentary Pathology is the study of skin conditions.
    • Lesions are variations from normal skin tissue.
    • Lesions are classified as either primary or secondary.
    • Primary lesions are direct responses to a disease, while secondary lesions develop from primary lesions or external forces.

    Skin Lesions

    • A lesion is any variation from normal tissue.
    • Primary lesions are categorized by: macule, papule, nodule, tumor, plaque, wheal, vesicle, bulla, pustule.
    • Secondary lesions are categorized by: scales, crust, fissure, ulcer, scar, atrophy.

    Bacterial Infections

    • Acne Vulgaris (Acne): A common, inflammatory skin condition.
    • Acne (also called acne folliculitis) is an obstructive, inflammatory condition of pilosebaceous units.
    • Overproduction of sebum creates a keratin plug which becomes infected by bacteria. This forms comedones (pimples).

    Acne Vulgaris (Acne)

    • Epidemiology: Most common in younger individuals (12-25), males tend to have more severe cases. Puberty-driven increase in androgen surge triggers onset.
    • Etiology: Follicular keratinization blocks the follicle, increased sebum production by sebaceous glands due to androgens, colonization by Propionibacterium acnes (normal flora). Genetics play a major role in development.
    • Triggers: hormonal changes (puberty, periods, pregnancy), greasy or oily products, certain drugs (steroids, testosterone, estrogen), excessive sweating, and touching/rubbing the skin.
    • Signs and Symptoms: comedones (blackheads, whiteheads), papules, pustules, cysts.
    • Treatment: Limit triggers; OTC and/or rx creams and medications; skin cleansers, topical/oral antibiotics are used if acne is widespread.
    • Massage and Acne: Avoid affected areas, especially if inflamed; avoid table warmers/hot packs over affected area. Not contagious.

    Infections of Hair Follicles

    • Folliculitis: Inflammation of hair follicle.
    • Furuncle: Inflammation of hair follicle that extends into deeper skin layers; an abscess (pus) forms. This is also known as a boil.
    • Carbuncle: A group of furuncles.
    • Definition: Infection of skin with inflammation of hair follicle.
    • Etiology: MC is bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus); may also be due to viruses or fungi; irritation due to hair follicle regrowth (folliculitis barbae), occlusion (clothing or topical medications).
    • Symptoms: Pustules around hair and surrounding area of erythema; furuncles and carbuncles show more pus formation, possible pruritus and itching.
    • Treatment: Topical cleansers and antibiotics; antivirals/antifungals if cause is viral or fungal; for furuncles/carbuncles- drain before healing; warm compress aids pus surfacing.
    • Massage and Inflammation of hair follicles: Same principles as for acne vulgaris; avoid affected areas especially if inflamed; avoid use of table warmers/hot packs; most cases are NOT contagious but some may be.

    Pseudofolliculitis Barbae

    • Definition: Ingrown beard hairs, irritation of skin and hair follicles, hair curls into the skin causing inflammation.
    • Presentation: Itchy, red papules and/or pustules, DDx from folliculitis barbae (bacterial), pseudofolliculitis typically more chronic and has firm papules, sterile (folliculitis barbae typically more acute, pustules, not sterile)
    • Epidemiology: More common in black men.
    • Treatment: Warm compress, Oral/topical AB if infection occurs.

    Impetigo

    • Definition: Bacterial infection of the superficial layers of skin; deeper variant is called ecthyma.
    • Epidemiology: More common in children, can occur at any age.
    • Etiology: MC cause is streptococcus bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus.
    • Signs and Symptoms: Vesicular or pustular lesions that itch or burn, lesions rupture and ooze, releasing exudate which turns to honey-coloured crust, possible lymphadenopathy, fever uncommon.
    • Prevention of spreading is key. Handwashing; keep wounds clean; do not share linens/utensils.
    • Treatment and Prognosis: Topical or oral antibiotics; usually heals without any scars.
    • Massage and Impetigo: Local contraindication, highly contagious, skin lesions must be covered during massage and use caution when massaging clients.

    Cellulitis

    • Definition: Bacterial infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues, often arises from previous skin wound or boil.
    • Etiology: MC causes: Staphylococcus aureus, group A Streptococcus infection.
    • Signs and Symptoms: Redness, warmth, tenderness, and swelling in an area where the skin was previously damaged; Left untreated, the area of redness tends to expand over time; red streaks, proximal to the site (lymphangitis). Group A Streptococcus can cause blistering; systemic sx: possible fever, chills, lymphadenopathy, headache
    • Treatment and Prognosis: Oral antibiotics based on suspected organism; left untreated, cellulitis can be life-threatening, spread to bloodstream.
    • Massage and Cellulitis: Local contraindication; not contagious; refer to healthcare provider for evaluation if symptoms are present.

    Erysipelas

    • Definition: Bacterial infection of upper dermis and superficial lymphatics, superficial form of cellulitis.
    • Etiology: MC cause is various Streptococcus species.
    • Epidemiology: MC in older and younger individuals.
    • Signs and Symptoms: Erythematous lesion of skin with sharply demarcated, raised border, orange-peel skin; warm, swollen, painful/tender; lymphadenopathy and possible lymphedema; systemic sx: fever, chills, vomiting, headache, fatigue, and general malaise.
    • Treatment and Prognosis: Oral or IV antibiotics based on severity; tx should be prompt- avoid sepsis, tissue necrosis, or PSGN (post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis).
    • Massage and Erysipelas: Local contraindication; not contagious; refer to healthcare provider for evaluation if symptoms are present.
    • (and so on... updating all sections with the same format and approach based on the provided information.)*

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    Integumentary Pathology PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on dermatological conditions such as Erythema Multiforme, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, and Urticaria. This quiz covers triggers, distinguishing symptoms, treatment approaches, and the stages of dermatitis. Perfect for medical students and healthcare professionals.

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