Dermatology and Pediatrics
66 Questions
4 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is an important aspect to consider when evaluating skin mobility?

  • The skin's natural elasticity (correct)
  • The patient's emotional state
  • The patient's genetic background
  • The presence of any underlying diseases

    • What is a common condition associated with pallor in the skin?

  • Diabetes or PVD
  • Exposure to toxic plants
  • Measles or chickenpox
  • Anemia or shock (correct)

    • What is the purpose of using a small centimeter ruler during the skin physical exam?

  • To examine skin texture
  • To evaluate skin temperature
  • To assess skin moisture
  • To measure the size of lesions (correct)

    • What is an important factor to consider when evaluating skin turgor?

    <p>The skin's natural elasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of inspecting the skin during the physical exam?

    <p>To identify any lesions or abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common method used to evaluate skin edema?

    <p>Palpation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important aspect to consider when evaluating wound healing?

    <p>The wound's color and texture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using strong direct lighting during the skin physical exam?

    <p>To identify any lesions or abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is jaundice first noted in an individual?

    <p>Junction of hard and soft palate or in sclera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of vitiligo?

    <p>Complete absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas of skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible accompaniment to jaundice?

    <p>Clay-colored stool and dark golden urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of acanthosis nigricans?

    <p>Areas of dark, velvety discoloration in body folds and creases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best way to assess jaundice?

    <p>In natural daylight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of jaundice?

    <p>Decreased pigmentation in patchy areas of skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sites are preferred for assessing pallor in anemia?

    <p>Palpebral conjunctiva and nail beds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for intense redness of the skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries?

    <p>Erythema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a bluish mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion of tissues with oxygenated blood?

    <p>Cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for cyanosis that involves the skin, mucous membranes, lips, tongue, and nail beds?

    <p>Central cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can cause erythema?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is it best to visualize cyanosis?

    <p>Lips, nose, and cheeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difficulty in visualizing peripheral cyanosis in melanated skin?

    <p>It is more difficult to visualize due to the increased pigmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for increased skin temperature due to increased blood flow through local blood vessels?

    <p>Hyperemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of skin lesions that may be caused by exposure to toxic plants?

    <p>Excoriation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with a history of diabetes or PVD and has a skin lesion. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    <p>Ulcer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a linear break in the skin, often caused by dry skin or skin tension?

    <p>Fissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with a skin lesion that is characterized by a loss of skin tissue. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    <p>Atrophic skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a skin lesion that is caused by scratching or rubbing the skin?

    <p>Excoriation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with a skin lesion that is characterized by a thickened area of skin. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    <p>Scar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a chronic wound that is often caused by poor circulation or nerve damage?

    <p>Ulcer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with a skin lesion that is characterized by a crack or break in the skin. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    <p>Fissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physical manifestation of jaundice in the body?

    <p>Yellowish skin tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by areas of dark, velvety discoloration in body folds and creases?

    <p>Acanthosis nigricans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of vitiligo?

    <p>Complete absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of assessing jaundice in natural daylight?

    <p>To detect jaundice more accurately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible accompaniment to jaundice?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is jaundice typically first noted in an individual?

    <p>In the junction of hard and soft palate or in the sclera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for assessing pallor in the palpebral conjunctiva and nail beds?

    <p>To assess for anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can cause a bluish mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion of tissues with oxygenated blood?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following conditions is erythema expected to occur?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the intense redness of the skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries?

    <p>Erythema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sites is best to visualize cyanosis?

    <p>Lips, nose, cheeks, and ears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for cyanosis that involves the skin, mucous membranes, lips, tongue, and nail beds?

    <p>Central cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difficulty in visualizing peripheral cyanosis in melanated skin?

    <p>It is difficult to visualize due to increased skin pigmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can cause central cyanosis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the widespread color change characterized by yellow color, indicating a rising amount of bilirubin in the blood?

    <p>Jaundice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following skin conditions is characterized by complete absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas of the skin?

    <p>Vitiligo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the dark, velvety discoloration in body folds and creases?

    <p>Acanthosis nigricans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the bluish mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion of tissues with oxygenated blood?

    <p>Cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of assessing jaundice in natural daylight?

    <p>To make the yellow color more visible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible accompaniment to jaundice?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between central cyanosis and peripheral cyanosis?

    <p>Central cyanosis is associated with arterial desaturation, while peripheral cyanosis is not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for assessing pallor in the palpebral conjunctiva and nail beds?

    <p>To diagnose anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a widespread color change characterized by intense redness of the skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries?

    <p>Erythema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is it best to visualize cyanosis?

    <p>In the lips, nose, cheeks, ears, and oral mucous membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a bluish mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion of tissues with oxygenated blood?

    <p>Cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for cyanosis that involves the skin, mucous membranes, lips, tongue, and nail beds?

    <p>Central cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difficulty in visualizing peripheral cyanosis in melanated skin?

    <p>It is more difficult to visualize</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can cause central cyanosis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A widespread color change can be indicative of which underlying condition?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important consideration when evaluating skin color in pediatric patients?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cyanosis is typically characterized by which of the following skin color changes?

    <p>Bluish discoloration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lichenification is a type of which skin lesion?

    <p>Secondary skin lesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Herpes Simplex is an example of which type of skin lesion?

    <p>Vesicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using a penlight during a skin physical exam?

    <p>To inspect skin color in areas with reduced natural light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following skin color changes is typically observed in individuals with anemia?

    <p>Pallor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the loss of skin tissue due to scratching or rubbing?

    <p>Excoriation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Skin Physical Exam

    • Preparation: External variables, strong direct lighting, small centimeter ruler, penlight, and gloves are required.

    Inspect and Palpate Skin

    • Observe skin tone, color, moisture, temperature, texture, and thickness.
    • Assess mobility and turgor.

    Color - General Pigmentation

    • Normally even and consistent with genetic background.
    • Varies from pink to ruddy dark tan or light to dark brown with yellow or olive overtones.
    • People of color (POC) have areas of lighter pigment on palms, nailbeds, and lips.
    • General pigment may be darker in sun-exposed areas.
    • Can be affected by environmental, emotional, and physical external variables.

    Color - Widespread Color Change

    • Pallor: Present with anemia, shock, or arterial insufficiency.

    • Common in high-stress states, which cause vasoconstriction (e.g., anxiety or fear).

    • Observed in mucous membranes, lips, and nail beds.

    • Palpebral conjunctiva and nail beds are preferred sites for assessing pallor from anemia.

    • Erythema: Intense redness of skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries.

    • Expected with fever, localized infection, or emotional responses.

    • If due to fever or inflammation, there is also increased skin temperature.

    • Occurs with carbon monoxide poisoning, venous stasis, polycythemia, and bruises.

    • Cyanosis: Bluish, mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion of tissues with oxygenated blood.

    • Best seen in very vascular areas with thin overlying epidermis: lips, nose, cheeks, ears, and oral mucous membranes.

    • Peripheral cyanosis is more difficult to visualize in melanated skin; look for other signs and symptoms.

    • Occurs with shock, heart failure, chronic bronchitis, congenital heart disease, cardiac arrest, and severe COVID-19 infection.

    • Central Cyanosis: Associated with arterial desaturation and involves the skin, mucous membranes, lips, tongue, and nail beds.

    • Jaundice: Exhibited by yellow color, indicating a rising amount of bilirubin in the blood.

    • Best assessed in natural daylight.

    • First noted in the junction of hard and soft palate or in the sclera.

    • As the level of bilirubin rises, jaundice is evident in the skin over the rest of the body.

    • May be accompanied by clay-colored stool and dark golden urine.

    Miscellaneous

    • Vitiligo: An acquired condition with complete absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas of white or light skin on the face, neck, hands, feet, body folds, and around orifices.
    • Acanthosis Nigricans: Characterized by areas of dark, velvety discoloration in body folds and creases.
    • Skin can become thickened.

    Skin Physical Exam

    • Preparation: External variables, strong direct lighting, small centimeter ruler, penlight, and gloves are required.

    Inspect and Palpate Skin

    • Observe skin tone, color, moisture, temperature, texture, and thickness.
    • Assess mobility and turgor.

    Color - General Pigmentation

    • Normally even and consistent with genetic background.
    • Varies from pink to ruddy dark tan or light to dark brown with yellow or olive overtones.
    • People of color (POC) have areas of lighter pigment on palms, nailbeds, and lips.
    • General pigment may be darker in sun-exposed areas.
    • Can be affected by environmental, emotional, and physical external variables.

    Color - Widespread Color Change

    • Pallor: Present with anemia, shock, or arterial insufficiency.

    • Common in high-stress states, which cause vasoconstriction (e.g., anxiety or fear).

    • Observed in mucous membranes, lips, and nail beds.

    • Palpebral conjunctiva and nail beds are preferred sites for assessing pallor from anemia.

    • Erythema: Intense redness of skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries.

    • Expected with fever, localized infection, or emotional responses.

    • If due to fever or inflammation, there is also increased skin temperature.

    • Occurs with carbon monoxide poisoning, venous stasis, polycythemia, and bruises.

    • Cyanosis: Bluish, mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion of tissues with oxygenated blood.

    • Best seen in very vascular areas with thin overlying epidermis: lips, nose, cheeks, ears, and oral mucous membranes.

    • Peripheral cyanosis is more difficult to visualize in melanated skin; look for other signs and symptoms.

    • Occurs with shock, heart failure, chronic bronchitis, congenital heart disease, cardiac arrest, and severe COVID-19 infection.

    • Central Cyanosis: Associated with arterial desaturation and involves the skin, mucous membranes, lips, tongue, and nail beds.

    • Jaundice: Exhibited by yellow color, indicating a rising amount of bilirubin in the blood.

    • Best assessed in natural daylight.

    • First noted in the junction of hard and soft palate or in the sclera.

    • As the level of bilirubin rises, jaundice is evident in the skin over the rest of the body.

    • May be accompanied by clay-colored stool and dark golden urine.

    Miscellaneous

    • Vitiligo: An acquired condition with complete absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas of white or light skin on the face, neck, hands, feet, body folds, and around orifices.
    • Acanthosis Nigricans: Characterized by areas of dark, velvety discoloration in body folds and creases.
    • Skin can become thickened.

    Skin Physical Exam

    • Equipment needed: strong direct lighting, small centimeter ruler, penlight, gloves
    • External variables that influence skin color: environmental, emotional, physical

    Color - General Pigmentation

    • Normally even and consistent with genetic background
    • Varies from pink tan to ruddy dark tan, and light to dark brown with yellow or olive overtones
    • Areas of lighter pigment on palms, nailbeds, and lips are normal for people of color (POC)
    • General pigment may be darker in sun-exposed areas
    • Can be affected by external variables: environmental, emotional, physical

    Color - Widespread Color Change

    • Pallor: present with anemia, shock, or arterial insufficiency, common in high-stress states

    • Pallor can be observed in mucous membranes, lips, and nail beds, particularly in the palpebral conjunctiva and nail beds for assessing anemia

    • Erythema: intense redness of skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries

    • Expected with fever, localized infection, or emotional responses

    • If due to fever or inflammation, there is also increased skin temperature (increased blood flow through local blood vessels)

    • Occurs with carbon monoxide poisoning, venous stasis, polycythemia (increased RBC), and bruises

    • Cyanosis: bluish, mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion of tissues with oxygenated blood

    • Best seen in very vascular areas with thin overlying epidermis: lips, nose, cheeks, ears, and oral mucous membranes (best under fluorescent light)

    • Peripheral cyanosis is more difficult to visualize in melanated skin, look for other signs and symptoms

    • Occurs with shock, heart failure, chronic bronchitis, congenital heart disease, cardiac arrest, and severe COVID-19 infection

    • Central cyanosis: associated with arterial desaturation and involves the skin, mucous membranes, lips, tongue, and nail beds

    • Jaundice: exhibited by yellow color, indicating rising amount of bilirubin in blood

    • Best assessed in natural daylight

    • First noted in junction of hard and soft palate or in sclera

    • As the level of bilirubin rises, jaundice is evident in the skin over the rest of the body

    • May be accompanied by clay-colored stool and dark golden urine

    Other Skin Conditions

    • Vitiligo: an acquired condition with complete absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas of white or light skin
    • Acanthosis nigricans: characterized by areas of dark, velvety discoloration in body folds and creases, skin can become thickened

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Skin, Hair, and Nails PDF

    Description

    This quiz is about skin diseases and conditions in children, including measles, chickenpox, and scarlet fever, as well as poison ivy exposure and habits affecting skin health.

    More Like This

    Common Pediatric Skin Conditions
    10 questions

    Common Pediatric Skin Conditions

    EnthralledCuboFuturism avatar
    EnthralledCuboFuturism
    Pediatric Skin Conditions
    6 questions

    Pediatric Skin Conditions

    EnthralledCuboFuturism avatar
    EnthralledCuboFuturism
    Verrugas Planas em Pediatria
    38 questions

    Verrugas Planas em Pediatria

    FrugalGravity avatar
    FrugalGravity
    Kinder- & Jugendheilkunde: Neurodermitis und Superinfektion
    40 questions

    Kinder- & Jugendheilkunde: Neurodermitis und Superinfektion

    StaunchVerism7894 avatar
    StaunchVerism7894
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser