Common Pediatric Skin Conditions

Study Notes

Common Pediatric Skin Conditions

Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

Chronic inflammatory condition
Characteristics: dry, scaly, itchy skin
Triggers: genetics, environmental factors, allergies
Treatment: moisturizers, topical corticosteroids, oral antihistamines

Acne

Inflammatory condition caused by clogged pores
Characteristics: blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, cysts
Treatment: topical retinoids, antibiotics, oral isotretinoin (for severe cases)

Birthmarks

Vascular Birthmarks
- Port wine stains: purple, pink, or red marks
- Hemangiomas: benign growths, often appear at birth or in infancy
Pigmented Birthmarks
- Cafe-au-lait spots: light brown, coffee-colored marks
- Mongolian spots: blue-gray marks, often on lower back or buttocks

Infections

Bacterial Infections
- Impetigo: contagious, crusty, itchy rash
- Cellulitis: bacterial infection of skin and underlying tissue
Viral Infections
- Molluscum contagiosum: viral rash, often on face, arms, and legs
- Warts: viral infection, often on hands or feet

Other Conditions

Keratosis Pilaris: dry, rough skin, often on arms and legs
Milia: small, white bumps on nose, chin, or cheeks
Pityriasis Alba: mild, patchy skin condition, often on face

Diagnostic Techniques

Physical examination
Skin scraping or biopsy
Wood's lamp examination (for fungal infections)
Patch testing (for allergies)

Treatment Options

Topical corticosteroids
Topical antibiotics
Moisturizers
Oral antihistamines
Oral antibiotics
Phototherapy (for eczema, psoriasis)
Laser therapy (for birthmarks, scars)

Description

Identify and understand common pediatric skin conditions, including eczema, acne, birthmarks, infections, and other skin conditions. Learn about their characteristics, triggers, and treatment options. Test your knowledge of diagnostic techniques and treatments.